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RK29  Ami  2  History  of  dentistry 


RECAP 


iliiSLs 


DENTISTRY 
CLEVELAND 


HENRY  LOVEJOY  AMBLER 


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History  of  Dentistry 


-IN: 


CLEVELAND,  OHIO 


BY 
HENRY  LOVEJOY  AMBLER,  M.  S.,  D.  D.  S.,  M.  D.,  D.  Hist. 


AUTHOR   OF 

TIN  FOIL  AND  ITS  COMBINATIONS  FOR  FILLING  TEETH 

FACTS  FADS  AND  FANCIES  ABOUT  TEETH 

HISTORY  NORTHERN  OHIO  DENTAL  ASSOCIATION 

HISTORY  DENTAL   PROSTHESIS 

AROUND  THE  WORLD  DENTISTRY 


NATIONAL,  OHIO  STATE,  NORTHERN  OHIO,  CLEVELAND  CITY, 

WEST  VA.,  DENTAL  ASSOCIATION 

COMMITTEE  ON  HISTORY  NATIONAL   DENTAL  ASSOCIATION 

OHIO  STATE  AND  CLEVELAND  CITY  DENTAL  SOCIETY 

FORMERLY  DEAN  DENTAL  DEPARTMENT 

PROFESSOR  OPERATIVE  DENTISTRY,  DENTAL  HYGIENE, 

DENTAL  HISTORY,  WESTERN  RESERVE  UNIVERSITY 


CLEVELAND,    OHIO 
PnBi.isHiNG  House  of  the  Evanoei.ical  Association,  C.  Mauser,  Agent 

1911 


Copyrighted  1911,   By 

HENRY  LOVEJOY  AMBLER 

All  rights  reserved 


Dedicated  to 

Charles  Richard  Butler,  D.  B.  S.,  M.  D., 
the  author  s  lifelong  friend 


You  are  not  obliged  to  read  the  Preface. 


Preface 


CLEVELAND  DENTAL  HISTORICAL  FOOD. 

Increase  the  specific  gravity  of  your  profession^and  your- 
self— by  reading  some  of  its  history. 

THE  writer  has  done  considerable  excavating  in  his  time, 
and  excavating  dentistry  from  the  newspapers  and  direc- 
tories, from  the  first  issue  to  the  present  time,  has  oc- 
cupied all  his  odd  hours  for  six  years,  but  if  it  meets  the  appro- 
bation of  the  profession,  he  will  feel  amply  rewarded.  He  has 
endeavored  to  bring  about  the  articulation  of  past  dentistry  in 
Cleveland,  with  the  present,  believing  that  when  empires  have 
jfallen  and  granite  monuments  crumbled,  history  will  still  exist. 

Many  of  the  old  times  and  things  in  dentistry  savor  now  of 
romance,  and  as  we  look  down  the  line  of  the  past,  a  mellow 
enchantment  is  cast  over  them. 

The  dental  pioneers  who  practiced  here  labored  under  many 
disadvantages,  but  they  blazed  the  way  for  the  glorious  oncom- 
ing of  a  great  and  numerous  profession. 

The  history  of  dentistry  will  lead  the  public  to  appreciate 
the  importance  of  the  science  and  art,  and  it  puts  dentistry  on 
a  higher  plane  than  before ;  it  is  an  up-lif t  that  lifts-up. 

This  volume  does  not  contain  every  possible  thing  that 
could  be  found,  but  there  is  enough  to  show  the  trend  of  den- 
tistry since  its  first  introduction  here.  The  ''Ads."  and  cards 
of  dentists  during  eighty-five  years,  give  a  good  idea  of  the  dif- 
ferent men  and  their  style  of  advertising,  and  in  many  cases, 

6 


Preface  7 

show  what  the  best  men  in  the  community  thought  of  them. 
To  write  a  local  history  and  please  everybody — to  say  the  least — 
is  difficult.  It  is  often  a  delicate  matter  to  decide  what  to  put 
in  "cold  type,"  as  information  is  often  unsatisfactory,  and  an 
unbroken  chain  of  events  should  not  be  expected ;  there  will  be 
missing  links  which  the  writer  regrets  he  cannot  supply.  The 
scant  records  of  early  times  are  only  found  in  newspapers  and 
directories,  but  valuable  history  can  be  found  in  the  Transac- 
tions of  the  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association,  1857,  by  the 
writer,  who  also  has  examined  all  the  books  relating  to  Cleveland 
and  Cuyahoga  Co.,  but  he  gained  very  scant  information  about 
dentistry. 

In  some  cases  biographical  sketches  could  not  be  procured, 
but  if  you  do  not  find  the  information  desired,  in  the  sketches, 
perhaps  you  can  in  the  '^Ads. "  from  newspapers  and  direc- 
tories. An  effort  has  been  made  to  secure  descriptions  of  in- 
ventions and  discoveries  which  have  been  made  by  Cleveland 
dentists,  but  we  feel  sure  and  sorry  that  we  have  not  gathered 
all  of  them.  Among  the  lofty  shafts  of  gratitude  which  Amer- 
ican dentists  will  eventually  raise,  will  be  one  to  the  pioneers 
and  historians,  as  a  tribute  to  their  merits  and  the  services  they 
have  performed. 

Our  thanks  are  due  W.  H.  Cathcart,  Pres.,  and  A.  M.  Dyer 
Curator  of  the  Western  Reserve  Historical  Society  for  courte- 
sies extended. 

The  author  would  be  glad  to  be  notified  of  any  mistakes,  if 
the  notifier  can  present  an  affidavit  to  substantiate  his  cor- 
rection. 

Cleveland,  0.,  1911.  Henry  Lovejoy  Ambler. 


Contents 


PAGE 

Pictures  of  Dentists    1(J-]  7 

Biographical  Sketches  and  Notes  19-71 

In  Memoriam 72-91 

Advertisements  from  Newspapers 92-153 

Advertisements  from  Directories 154-161 

Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association  162-163 

Forest  City  Society  Dental  Surgeons 164-166 

Cleveland  City  Dental  Society  and  Dentistry  in  Public 

Schools    167-169 

National  Dental  Association  170 

Dental  Dep't  Homoeopathic  Hospital  College 171 

Dental  Dep't  Western  Reserve  University 172 

The  Dentist's  Magazine 172 

The  Rose  Building  173 

Hospital  for  Epileptics   173 

State   Hospital    173 

Municipal  Dental  Clinic 174 

Cleveland  Boys'  Home 175 

Cleveland  Dental  Library 176 

American  Circulating  Dental  Clinic 176 

Dental   Specialists    177 

Dental  Supplies 171-181 

Advertisements    183-196 


BENJAMIN   STRICKLAND 


S.   P.   HUNTINGTON 


1 


.t 


F.  S.   SLOSSON 


B.     P.     ROBINSON 


.  -  lifr'tiiMjaiitttn'rYnftiMti^aani^ii.--  . '' 


N.    II.    A  \l  i;i.KR 


WM.    T.    KOBIXSOX 


EBENEZER   MEKRITT 


WM.    H.   ATKINSON 


J.     A.     ROBINSON 


J.    E.     ROBINSON 


WM.  B.  INGERSOLL 


WM.   E.   DUNN 


CHAS.    F.    ALLAN 


\V.   P.    HORTON 


R.   R.   PEEBLES 


A.  D.  BIGELOW 


H.   P.    BURDICK 


CHAS.    BUFFETT 


LEWIS    BUFFETT 


JOHN   GREENFIELD 


JOHN     STEPHAN 


PKEDERICK  K.   THORPE 


ROYAL  "VV.  VAKNEY 


N.    M.   BECKWITH 


PORTER     fJRANGER     SCMERS 


DAVID  R.   JENNINGS 


THEO.  "W.  ENSIGN 


J.    T.    BARCLAY 


VOLNEY     MC  ALPIN 


I.    E.    SAMPSELL 


J.    FREED    WARK 


B.     T.     SPELMAX 


MARTHA    R.    EWALD 


Biographical  Sketches  and  Notes 


F.  H.  Acker  graduated  from  Dental  Department  Western 
Reserve  University  1895,  and  for  two  years  was  assistant  pro- 
fessor Pathology  in  above  department. 

H.  L.  Ambler  was  probably  the  first  one  in  this  section  to 
use  cataphoresis,  for  on  Dec.  5,  1895,  he  purchased  a  "Wheelei- 
Fractional  Volt  Selecter"  for  that  purpose  and  has  been  using 
the  method  more  or  less  ever  since. 

He  invented  a  left  hand  assistant  which  is  made  by  The 
S.  S.  White  Co.,  it  is  used  by  slij^ping  the  ring  over  the  second 
finger,  of  the  left  hand,  letting  the  point  of  the  instrument  rest 


WINDOW    BLIND 


on  the  gold  or  tin  foil  when  starting  a  filling  with  the  hand 
mallet.  His  cylinder  roller  in  the  form  of  a  diminutive  tuning- 
fork,  and  also  the  Ambler  drills  for  the  dental  engine  are  manu- 
factured by  the  above  firm.  The  way  in  which  these  drills  are 
shaped,  gives  them  an  unusual  amount  of  cutting  edge.  His 
set  of  three  knives  for  dental  use  are  manufactured  by  the 
Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co. 

His  "Wooden  AAvning  Window  Blind"  was  patented  Dec. 
10,  1878  ,and  is  a  combination  of  a  blind  and  awning. 

19 


20  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

His  "Table  Markers,"  or  Numbers,  were  patented  Mar. 
5,  1897;  they  are  made  of  flat  pieces  of  spring-steel  with  num- 
bers on  them,  or  cut  through  them,  and  can  be  attached  to  any 
table  and  detached  at  will  and  are  indestructible.  Used  for 
cafes,  clubs,  card  parties,  etc. 

He  first  suggested  the  appointment  (by  the  Pres.)  of  a 
"critic"  for  the  Cleveland  Dental  Society,  and  he  has  had  the 
honor  of  holding  the  position  for  seven  years.  He  wrote  articles 
for  the  "Ohio  Farmer"  Mar,  April,  June,  1871,  on  Teeth  and 
Their  Preservation,  and  in  May  and  June  1872,  A  Visit  to  Mam- 
moth Cave,  Ky.,  and  for  "The  House  and  Garden,"  Jan.  1872, 
on  Care  of  the  Teeth,  and  also  numerous  other  articles  for  den- 
tal journals. 

Oct.  5,  1908,  ladies'  night,  he  gave  a  stereopticon  talk  on 
"Dentistry  in  Foreign  Lands,"  before  the  Cleveland  Dental 
Society;  repeating  it  before  the  "West  Va.  State  Dental  Society. 

In  1872  he  introduced  Filo-silk — Japanese  floss — to  be  used 
instead  of  the  ordinary  floss,  for  placing  the  rubber-dam,  polish- 
ing between  teeth,  and  testing  proximal  surfaces  of  teeth  or 
fillings. 

Henry  Barnes  was  born  in  Stockport,  Eng.,  1851,  came  to 
U.  S.  with  his  parents  and  resided  in  Pawtucket,  R.  I.,  and  Fall 
River,  Mass.,  where  he  attended  public  and  also  night  schools, 
then  he  came  to  Cleveland  in  1870  and  was  a  dental  student  of 
John  Stephan  's  until  June,  1873 ;  during  this  time  he  attended 
the  private  anatomical  class  of  Prof.  H.  W.  Kitchen.  Practiced 
in  Marquette,  Mich.,  1873-77,  and  while  there  studied  medicine 
in  office  of  Geo.  H.  Northrop,  then  returned  here  to  practice  and 
attend  lectures  of  Drs.  Scott  and  Lowman,  at  Wooster  Medical 
College.  Licensed  by  Ohio  State  Board  Dental  Examiners  in 
1879,  and  joined  State  Dental  Society.  In  1888  invented  a  tin 
matrix,  double  tin  matrix,  tin  labial  clamp  and  shield ;  described 
in  Ohio  Journal  Dental  Science.  In  1892  Prof.  Dental  Anatomy 
and  Technic  Dental  Dept.  Homa?pathic  Hospital  College,  where 
he  received  the  honorary  M.  D.,  1893.  Introduced  celluloid  film 
in  strips  for  polishing  amalgam  and  cement  fillings,  and  also 
for  matrices,  and  called  attention  to  abrasion  of  the  teeth  caused 
by  the  brush.  Pres.  State  Board  Dental  Examiners  1902-7.  In 
1905  gave  the  technic  for  making  pure  gold  inlays  by  sweating 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  21 

the  metal  into  a  platinum  matrix,  which  had  been  formed  in  a 
tooth  cavity,  by  use  of  wooden  sticks  (no  investment  of  matrix). 

In  1910  gave  the  technic  for  making  inlays  by  using  Ney's 
no^-cohesive  gold  foil  for  a  matrix,  and  sweating  into  it  twenty- 
two  carat  gold  plate.  He  devised  a  special  book  for  keeping  the 
record  of  members  of  dental  societies. 

Varney  E.  Barnes,  Dent.  Dept.  W.  R.  U.,  1899.  Demon- 
strator Prosthesis  and  Orthodontia,  1899-1901,  and  chief  of  these 
clinics  in  above  Dept. 

When  Rec.  Sec.  Cleveland  Dental  Society,  he  introduced  a 
new  style  of  book  in  which  the  records  were  typewritten,  with 
marginal  references.     Practice  limited  to  Orthodontia. 

J.  R.  Bell  was  born  in  Orange  0.,  Feb.  1,  1853,  his  youth- 
ful days  were  passed  on  his  father's  farm,  and  his  preliminary 
education  acquired  in  the  public  schools,  and  Geauga  Seminary; 
later  he  entered  Hillsdale  College,  Hillsdale,  Mich.,  "earning 
his  way"  by  teaching  part  of  the  time.  He  came  here  1872  and 
studied  dentistry  with  B.  F.  and  J.  E.  Robinson,  and  attended 
the  Cleveland  Medical  College  during  two  sessions  and  received 
a  certificate  for  anatomy,  physiology,  chemistry,  materia  med- 
ica  and  surgery;  in  1876  graduated  from  Ohio  Col.  Dent. 
Sur.,  where  he  assisted  in  the  clinics;  then  he  came  here  and 
opened  an  office,  and  has  been  continuously  in  practice.  In  the 
Homoeopathic  Hospital  College,  later  Cleveland  University  of 
Medicine  and  Surgery,  he  lectured  for  nine  years  on  dental  sur- 
gery and  also  operated  in  the  infirmary. 

He  devised  trays  for  taking  impressions  in  wax  or  dental 
lac,  when  making  gold  or  porcelain  inlays,  which  are  specially 
useful  for  labial,  buccal  or  distal  cavities  extending  under  the 
gingivae.  These  trays  are  rights  and  lefts,  but  with  slight 
changes  are  universal,  No.  1  is  for  use  on  anterior  teeth  and  is 
made  viz. :  a  piece  of  twenty-six  gage  tin  is  cut  large  enough  to 
cover  the  cavity, '  and  after  contouring  it  to  conform  with  the 
tooth,  take  a  piece  of  German  silver  wire  twelve  gauge,  and  file 
one  end  at  an  angle  of  forty-five  degrees,  and  soft  solder  it  to 
the  center  of  the  tin.  Now  the  tray  can  be  accurately  adapted 
and  polished  so  that  the  edge  will  pass  under  the  free  margin  of 


22 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


the  gingiva;   warm  the   wax   and  place  it  in  the   cavity,  then 
apply  the  moist  tray. 

Nos.  2,  3,  are  for  large  buccal  cavities  in  molars,  so  a  piece 
of  twenty-six  gage  tin,  slightly  larger  than  the  cavity,  is  used. 


-^ 


-^ 


with  a  handle  of  fourteen  gage  wire  soldered  to  the  center  of 
the  tin  at  a  convenient  angle ;  the  tin  can  be  bent  to  conform  to 
the  bifurcation. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


23 


For  bucco-occlusal  trays,  the  handle  is  attached  on  the 
buccal  side,  and  for  disto-oeclusal  and  niesio-occhisal  trays,  it 
is  attached  on  the  occlusal  side. 


His  matrix  set  consists  of  a  pincher,  punch,  wrench,  bolt 
and  nut,  and  sheet  brass.  Directions  for  making :  cut  a  piece  of 
sheet  brass  thirty-tM^o  or  thirty-four  gage,  wide  enough  to  al- 
low for  trimming,  one-half  inch  longer  than  the  diameter  of  the 


24 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


the  tooth,  adjust  around  the  tooth  and  pinch  the  ends  together 
with  the  thumb  and  finger;  remove  and  cut  a  slit  one-sixteenth 
of  an  inch  long  in  each  end,  now  fold  these  slits  inward,  and 
punch  through  for  bolt  one-third  of  the  distance  from  cervical 


J.  R.  BELL — SET  OF  INSTRUMENTS  FOR  REMOVING  TOUGH  TISSUE  FROM 
PARTIALLY    OR    COMPLETELY    COVERED    THIRD    MOLARS 


border  and  at  a  bend  in  the  band  made  by  having  pinched  the 
band  together,  then  insert  the  bolt  and  nut,  place  the  band  on 
the  tooth  again  and  tighten  it  with  the  wrench.     By  punching 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  25 

the  band  as  indicated  four  thicknesses  have  been  pierced,  two 
on  each  end  of  the  band,  thus  providing  for  double  tension  at 
the  cervical  portion  of  the  tooth.     Fig.  1  shows  the  punch. 

By  punching  through  the  edge  of  the  folded  band,  one-half 
of  the  head  and  nut  of  the  bolt — cervical  side — will  rest  on 
extra  thicknesses  around  the  cervix;  place  the  nut  beveled  side 
first,  then  it  Avill  not  slip  when  tightened.  Fig.  2  shows  band 
after  folding,  cutting  and  punching.  Fig.  3,  bolt;  Fig.  4, 
wrench. 

After  filling,  unscrew  and  remove  bolt  and  nut ;  straighten 
the  band  somewhat  and  remove  it.  If  amalgam  is  used,  let  it 
be  medium  quick  setting  mixed  stiff;  thus  avoiding  amalgama- 
tion with  the  brass  matrix.  The  matrix  can  be  made  slightly 
crescent-shaped,  then  by  placing  the  concave  portion  at  cervix, 
when  the  band  is  tightened  it  will  bear  on  the  cervical  portion 
of  the  tooth  first. 

He  also  devised  a  set  of  four  instruments  for  removing  tough 
tissue  from  partially  or  completely  covered  third  molars.  Fig. 
1  is  a  lance  with  blade  at  right  angles  to  the  shaft,  designed  to 
sever  the  tissue  by  an  incision  between  the  second  and  third 
molar.  Fig.  2  is  bayonet-shaped  with  a  blunt,  smooth  blade 
which  is  forced  into  the  incision  made  by  Fig.  1,  between  the 
tissue  and  the  imbedded  tooth,  thus  raising  the  tissue.  Fig. 
3,  scissors  with  long  blades  and  beaded  points  (universal),  are 
used  by  forcing  one  blade  into  the  opening  made  by  Fig.  2  and 
a  cut  is  made  along  the  buccal  side;  another  cut  is  made  in  the 
same  way,  only  on  the  lingual  side.  Fig. 4,  scissors  with  circular 
blades  and  beaded  points,  used  to  make  the  fourth  and  final  cut 
at  the  distal  margin  of  imbedded  tooth.  Fig.  5,  tenaculum  for 
thrusting  into  the  cut  flap  to  hold  and  remove  it  when  Fig.  4 
is  applied  from  the  lingiial  side  far  enough  buccally,  so  that 
when  the  "clip"  is  made,  a  square  of  tissue  is  removed. 

In  1895  when  he  was  in  Jerusalem  he  secured  a  gavel,  made- 
of  olive-wood  from  the  Mt.  of  Olives,  which  he  presented  to 
the  Cleveland  Dental  Society. 

G.  E.  Bishop  says:  "On  Dec.  6,  1907,  I  first  used  a  bucket 
for  casting  gold  inlays  by  centrifugal  force.  The  principle  in- 
volved being,  that  whatever  the  size  of  the  cast,  the  bucket 
method  would  allow  the  mass  of  metal  to  take  a  lower  plane 


26 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


without  being  spilled.  The  instrument  used  was  a  bar,  at- 
tached to  a  dental  lathe,  on  one  end  of  which  was  a  bail  with  a 
swinffino'  bucket." 


DR.     bishop's     aseptic     RUBBER    DAM    HOLDER 

Bishop's  aseptic  rubber-dam  holder  was  invented  in  1906, 
and  the  shape  is  such  that  it  practically  circles  the  mouth,  a 
smooth  flat  surface  resting  on  the  face.  It  is  easily  applied  and 
sterilized,  and  universal  in  adaptation. 


m 

i 

1          ^ 

^    1 

1 
I 

1    \ 

DR.    bishop's    mandrel 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


27 


Another  invention  of  his,  is  a  mandrel,  which  carries  a 
short  i)iece  of  rubber  tubing,  thus  constituting  a  cup,  with  a 
solid  base  and  elastic  edges,  that  will  carry  polishing  material 
in  its  center  without  flying  out.     Patent  applied  for  1907. 

His  Handy  Left-Hand  Assistant,  is  a  tongue  and  cheek 
protector  and  napkin  holder,  for  universal  application,  in- 
vented 1907. 


DR.     bishop's     left     HAND    ASSISTANT 


Bishop's  Dental   Vibrator   can  be   attached  to   any   engine 
and  is  used  to  apply  vibration  or  mechanical  massage  to  the 


DR.    bishop's    vibrator 


gums,  lymphatics,  and  bony  tissue  in  pyorrhea ;  also  for  head- 
ache, facial  neuralgia,  cramps  of  the  muscles  or  jaws,  etc.,  in- 
vented 1907. 


28  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

He  says,  that  in  the  summer  of  1890,  when  a  dental  student 
in  Philadelphia,  he  suggested  to  his  brother,  H.  D.  Bishop,  the 
idea  of  establishing  a  dental  department  in  connection  with  the 
Homoeopathic  Hospital  College  in  Cleveland;  his  brother  being 
a  member  of  the  Faculty  recommended  the  suggestion  to  his  as- 
sociates and  the  department  was  established  1891. 

L.  L.  BoswoRTH,  July  14,  1903,  patented  an  Electric  Den- 
tal Engine  in  U.  S. ;  Feb.  7,  1905,  Electric  Porcelain  Furnace, 
U.  S,,  England,  France,  Germany;  Feb.  7,  1905,  Electric  Sol- 
dering Furnace,  in  same  countries.  Invented  a  pyrometer, 
operated  by  the  expansion  and  contraction  of  pure  platinum ; 
a  casting  machine  operated  by  centrifugal  force  combined  with 
gravity,  using  plaster  of  Paris  for  an  investment ;  an  electric 
appliance  with  a  maximum  temperature  of  355°  F.  for  drying- 
plaster  investments,  and  also  the  equipment  for  casting  by  this 
method;  several  electric  controllers  for  the  operation  of  various 
devices  on  direct  and  alternating  currents  at  different  voltages; 
an  electric  steam  generator  for  heating  purposes;  a  method  of 
administering  nitrous  oxid,  oxygen  and  atmospheric  air  com- 
l3ined,  to  maintain  a  state  of  analgesia  during  the  preparation  of 
sensitive  teeth  for  tilling,  etc.,  this  he  used  three  years  in  Cleve- 
land before  going  to  Berlin,  Germany,  where  he  is  using  the 
method  with  good  success,  his  paper  on  the  subject  appeared  in 
The  Dentists'  Magazine,  Dec,  1906;  now  trying  to  devise  a 
method  for  successfully  casting  entire  dentures  of  twenty-one 
-carat  gold,  with  comparatively  no  expansion  or  contraction. 

I.  W.  Brown  says:  "In  the  year  1894,  I  commenced  to  use 
■spray  in  the  mouth  by  compressed  air  system,  with  the  Davis 
Atomizer.  I  was  the  first  to  use  it  as  far  as  I  was  aware  at 
that  time.  In  1896  I  demonstrated  it  before  the  Ohio  State 
Dental  Society  and  I  did  not  meet  any  one  there  who  had  used 
it  or  had  seen  it  used  before  in  that  way.  I  gave  Dr.  J.  Taft  a 
practical  demonstration  and  he  said  that  he  had  never  seen 
anything  like  it  before." 

A.  I.  Brown  graduated  from  Dental  Department  W.  R.  IT., 
1904 ;  demonstrator  Operative  Dentistry  1905 ;  Professor  Materia 
Medica  and  Therapeutics,  1906,  in  above  department. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  29 

Charles  Richard  Butler  was  born  in  Portage  Co.,  0., 
1832,  worked  on  a  farm  and  later  as  a  brass  and  bell  founder, 
came  here  in  1854  and  studied  dentistry  with  M.  L.  Wright 
and  W.  H.  Atkinson,  and  surgery  with  Elisha  Sterling,  he  was 
graduated  from  Pa.  College  Dental  Surgery  in  1858,  and  from 
the  Cleveland  Medical  College — now  Medical  Department 
Western  Reserve  University — in  1865.  He  was  the  first  Pro- 
fessor of  Clinical  Operative  Dentistry  in  the  country,  as  the 
Ohio  College  of  Dental  Surgery  created  this  "chair"  for  him  in 
1867,  he  also  taught  Steel  Technics  in  above  college. 

Dean  of  the  Dental  Department  W.  R.  U.  1892,  Ex-presi- 
dent American  Dental  Association,  Ohio  State  Dental  Society, 
Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association  and  Cleveland  City  Dental 
Society;  Mem.  Odontological  Society,  N.  Y.  City,  and  Illinois 
State  Dental  Society. 

In  1857  when  he  went  to  dental  college  he  took  pluggers 
and  excavators  of  his  own  manufacture  and  a  mallet  with  an 
ivory  head  and  ebony  handle,  and  he  was  called  the  "hammer 
and  punch  man,"  because  he  used  the  hand  mallet  for  condens- 
ing gold  foil.  In  1860  he  made  a  mallet  of  a  cylinder  of  laurel- 
root  filled  with  lead  and  tin  melted  together,  and  the  handle 
was  of  live-oak  taken  from  the  battleship  Kearsarge  when  she 
was  dismantled. 

Before  the  dental  engine  (1868)  was  used,  he  made  a  set 
of  burs  for  cutting  down  gold  fillings,  and  they  were  called 
"Plug  Finishing  Burs."  In  1868  he  made  a  set  of  fifteen  hand 
mallet  pluggers,  and  in  1878  another  set  of  eight ;  in  1881  a 
set  of  six  rapid  excavators;  in  1896  a  set  of  five  chisels,  called 
Improved  Proximal  Enamel  Cutters. 

Duplicates  of  all  the  above  instruments  have  been  fur- 
nished to  the  profession  by  S.  S.  White,  and  he  is  the  only  man- 
ufacturer, Dr.  Butler,  ever  furnished  with  models.  The  plug- 
gers, chisels  and  mallet  are  referred  to  in  the  American  System 
of  Dentistry  in  the  chapter  by  Louis  Jack. 

The  instrurnents  are  still  on  the  market,  and  they  have  been 
copied  by  different  manufacturers,  possibly  in  some  cases,  with 
slight  variations  then  the  name  has  been  changed;  they  were 
also  made  as  cone-socket  pluggers  and  excavators,  and  varied  in 
price  from  fifty  cents  to  one  dollar  and  a  quarter. 


30  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

He  is  an  expert  in  precious  stones  and  often  produces  novel 
and  artistic  designs  in  which  he  mounts  them. 

Beginning  with  1873  appointment  cards  (in  part)  viz.: 
Drs.  Butler  and  Ambler,  office  hours,  9  to  4.  Notice  is  required 
three  hours  in  advance  if  unable  to  keep  this  appointment,  or 
the  fee  will  be  charged.  Fee  for  ordinary  operations  five  dol- 
lars per  hour.  All  bills  to  be  paid  promptly  at  the  office.  Ap- 
pointments made  from  12  to  1.  The  bill  head,  viz. :  Drs.  Butler 
and  Ambler,  519  Euclid  Ave.,  beg  to  announce  that  their  fee 
for  professional  services  is to  date . 

An  invitation  to  a  complimentary  dinner  tendered  to  him 
by  the  dental  profession  reads,  viz. : 

"Dear  Doctor,  you  are  cordially  invited  to  attend  a  com- 
plimentary dinner  to  be  tendered  to  Doctor  Charles  Richard 
Butler  by  the  dental  profession  of  Cleveland,  on  the  completion 
of  fifty-four  years  of  honorable  dental  practice,  at  the  Hollen- 
den  Thursday,  March  eleventh  at  seven  o'clock,  1909,  S.  B. 
Dewey,  Secretary." 

It  was  truly  a  great  occasion  and  will  ever  be  remembered 
by  those  present. 

Frank  M.  Casto  was  born  at  Blanchester,  Ohio,  May  30, 
1875.  His  early  education  was  received  in  the  public  and  high 
schools.  Previous  to  studying  dentistry  he  was  employed  on 
the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  at  various  places  as  telegraph 
operator  and  station  agent.  He  graduated  from  the  Dental  De- 
partment of  Ohio  Medical  University  in  1898,  and  during  his; 
Junior  year  passed  the  examination  of  the  State  Board  of  Den- 
tal Examiners,  and  received  a  license  to  practice  early  in  1897. 
He  graduated  from  the  Medical  Department  of  the  Ohio  Medical 
University  in  1900,  and  received  a  license  to  practice  medicine 
and  surgery  June,  1900.  He  graduated  from  the  Pharmacy  De- 
partment of  the  Ohio  Medical  University  and  from  the  Angle 
School  of  Orthodontia  in  1902.  He  first  entered  the  practice 
of  dentistry  at  Plain  City,  Ohio,  in  1897,  remaining  there  about 
six  months,  then  he  returned  to  Columbus  to  finish  his  dental 
studies.  He  began  the  practice  of  dentistry  in  Columbus  in 
1898.  Alternating  between  practicing  dentistry  and  pursuing 
his  medical  studies  until  1900,  when  he  graduated  in  medicine, 
after  which  time  he  continued  the  practice  of  dentistry  includ- 


History  of  Dentistry  ix  Cleveland  31 

ing  Orthodontia  and  Prophylaxis  until  1904,  when  he  entered 
the  exclusive  practice  of  Orthodontia  in  Cleveland  where  he  is 
now  located. 

He  has  been  associated  in  College  work  as  follows :  Dental 
Department  of  the  Ohio  Medical  University,  Special  Lecturer 
in  Crown  and  Bridge  Work  1898-1899.  Assistant  Professor  of 
Operative  Dentistry  1899-1900.  Professor  of  Orthodontia  1901 
to  1905  inclusive.  Superintendent  of  Clinic  1901-03.  Clinical 
Orthodontia  1903-05.  Dental  Department  Western  Reserve 
University.     Professor  of  Orthondontia  1904-07. 

INVENTED   AN   ACETYLENE    BURNER. 

.This  invention  relates  to  an  improvement  in  gas  burners 
such  as  are  employed  for  heating  purposes  in  connection  with 
stoves  and  the  like  and  has  particular  regard  to  the  provision 
of  a  burner  of  the  character  noted  wherein  acetylene  gas  may 
be  utilized.  A  burner  of  this  character  has  a  large  and  even 
heating  capacity,  and  is  simple  and  durable  in  construction. 
Patented  June  7th,  1910. 

Member  of  the  Delta  Sigma  Delta  Dental  Fraternity,  the 
Alpha  Mu  Phi  Omega  Medical  Fraternity,  Theta  Nu  Epsulin 
Inter-fraternity,  Member  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association, 
Cleveland  Dental  Society,  Ohio  State  Dental  Society,  St.  Louis 
Society  of  Dental  Science,  American  Society  of  Orthodontists, 
Cleveland  Academy  of  Medicine,  Ohio  State  Medical  Society, 
American  Medical  Society,  Cleveland  Medical  Library.  A  32 
Degree  Mason,  Knight  Templar,  and  Shriner.  Past  President 
The  American  Society  of  Orthodontists. 

J.  A.  CoATES  graduated  from  Dental  Department  W.  R.  L^., 
1902,  and  was  demonstrator  of  Operative  Dentistry  in  above 
Department  several  years. 

S.  B.  Dewey,  Dean  and  Professor  Dental  Histology,  Path- 
ology, Embryology,  Dental  Department  Cleveland  University 
Med.  and  Sur.  during  its  existence ;  also  devised  a  useful  bi- 
cuspid crown. 

Edw.  J.  Douhet  while  a  boy  in  grammar  school  started  out 
with  mechanical  work,  first  making  a  turning  lathe  with  foot- 


32  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

power  drive;  his  first  great  undertaking  was  to  make  a  bicycle, 
one  of  the  old  style  ordinary,  or  high  wheel  bicycle  with  a  fifty- 
eight  inch  wheel.  Wihen  one  considers  that  he  could  not  buy 
parts,  as  a  boy  could  today,  but  had  to  fashion  ball  bearings, 
rims,  spokes,  etc.,  it  seems  a  bold  attempt  for  a  lad  of  seventeen. 
That  the  machine  was  at  least  durable,  three  years  of  service 
will  attest. 

While  in  the  medical  department  of  the  Western  Reserve 
University  he  made  speculums  and  special  instruments  for  Dr. 
H.  H.  Powell  and  some  of  the  other  professors  from  drawings 
they  submitted  to  him.     This  was  in  1883-5. 

He  entered  dentistry  in  1882  and  is  still  following  that  pro- 
fession, but  at  odd  times  has  invented  several  things ;  one  of  the 
first  was  the  double  diamond  frame  "safety"  bicycle,  copied  by 
the  Lozier  and  Columbia  Companies;  the  drop  frame  ladies' 
safety  in  use  today  was  designed  by  him  for  the  Snell  Cycle 
Fittings  Company,  of  Toledo. 

He  made  and  developed  the  first  Garford  saddle  for  high 
wheels,  also  the  safety  saddles,  working  with  Mr.  A.  L.  Gar- 
ford.  Later  he  designed  and  made  the  first  double  tubular 
sulky  frame  with  pneumatic  tires  and  ball  bearings.  Today 
this  is  the  sulky  used  in  racing.  From  his  designs  were  made 
the  first  tubular  attachments  to  convert  the  old  high  wheel  type 
of  racing  sulky  to  the  pneumatic  wheel. 

In  the  Dental  line,  the  first  ball  bearing  dental  engine 
complete,  including  hand  piece,  was  his  device,  he  also  changed 
the  tedious  method  of  screwing  down  vulcanizer  tops  by  in- 
venting the  first  cam  lock;  this  is  now  found  in  all  vulcanizers 
as  the  best  for  dental  purposes.  In  this  connection  he  made 
the  only  solid  drawn  copper  pot  ever  used  in  a  vulcanizer.  His 
other  inventions  and  patents  for  dental  engines,  are  a  slip  joint, 
a  Disc  Mandrel,  and  an  Engine  Mallet.  His  latest  hobby  is 
along  marine  lines,  gas  engines  and  boats,  he  built  his  racing 
boat,  ' '  The  Skate, ' '  doing  all  the  work  on  the  hull  alone,  and 
assembling  and  developing  the  engine. 

J.  C.  DowD  began  practice  here  1886  and  practiced  until 
1907,  but  during  this  time  he  was  away  for  six  years,  then  re- 
turned.    He  attended  the  Homoeopathic  Hospital  College  1887- 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  33 

8-9  and  in  1907  retired  from  i)ractice  and  formed  the  Cleveland 
Dental  Supply  Co.,  Rose  Bldg, 

Frank  Dowd  began  practice  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  1882, 
where  he  invented,  and  practically  used  the  first  fixed  bridge- 
work  done  in  that  place. 

In  1884  J.  E.  Cravens  of  the  Indiana  Dental  College  ap- 
pointed him  as  demonstrator  of  bridge-work,  and  he  says  this 
was  the  first  college  to  teach  crown  and  bridge-work.  In  1885 
he  graduated  from  above  college  and  was  the  first  Dowd  to 
receive  the  D.  D.  S.,  then  he  came  here  and  practiced  crown 
and  bridge-work,  and  taught  dentistry  to  his  wife  M.  A.  Dowd; 
son  H.  H.  Dowd;  present  wife  K.  H.  Dowd;  brother  J.  C.  Dowd; 
these  were  the  only  dentists  by  the  name  in  the  U.  S.,  Canada 
or  Mexico  until  1900.  In  1885  he  invented  an  all-cord,  suspen- 
sion dental  engine.  He  devised  a  crown-slitter,  which  consists 
of  a  pair  of  forceps  to  which  is  attached  a  rotary  wheel  with 
knives  in  the  outer  edge  which  work  with  great  ease. 

In  1911  he  devised  a  set  of  instruments  for  attaching  crowns 
to  roots  so  that  the  pin  will  not  bend  and  permit  an  open  joint 
between  the  crown  and  root. 

His  patent  safety  device  consists  of  buffers  which  arise  from 
the  track  and  prevent  cars  from  passing  by  them.  This  device 
was  accepted  by  the  City  R.  R.  Co. 

In  1911  he  patented  a  vehicle  wheel,  which  consists  of  a 
series  of  spiral  springs  within  the  rubber  tire ;  this  takes  the 
place  of  the  pneumatic  tire  on  automobiles,  as  a  puncture  at  any 
place  will  not  affect  the  working  of  the  wheel. 

W.  G.  Ebersole  was  born  in  Carrollton,  0.,  Nov.  18,  1864, 
and  attended  the  grammar  and  high  school,  and  during  vacation 
superintended  a  brick  plant,  and  later  attended  Ohio  Normal 
University  at  Ada,  then  studied  law  in  Carrollton  for  one  and 
one-half  years.  Abandoning  law,  he  traveled  five  years  for  Gr. 
Graham,  founder  of  the  Graham  Anesthetic  Co.,  introducing  a 
preparation  to  the  medical  and  dental  profession. 

Graduated  from  Dental  Department  1896,  Medical  Depart- 
ment 1897  Western  Reserve  University.  In  Dental  Department 
he  Avas  demonstrator  of  operative  dentistry  and  lecturer  on 
oral  surgery  for  over  two  years.     Several  times  before  societies 


34  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

he  has  read  papers  on  "Humanitarian  Dentistry"  and  in  1905 
was  chosen  to  edit  the  Department  of  Humanitarian  Dentistry 
in  the  Dentists'  Magazine  published  here  for  three  years.  In 
1909  he  was  appointed  chairman  of  the  Commitee  on  Oral  Hy- 
giene, National  Dental  Association. 

President  Cleveland  Dental  Society,  1910. 

He  had  the  assistance  of  J.  R.  Owens,  W.  A.  Price,  W.  T. 
Jackman,  and  others,  in  introducing  into  Cleveland  public 
schools,  dental  inspection  and  educational  lectures,  and  six 
equipments  (four  for  public  and  two  for  parochial  schools)  were 
secured  and  dental  clinics  established. 

M.  G.  FuRiiONG  invented  Plastic  Impression  Rubber  for  re- 
fitting and  refilling  loose  dentures,  and  for  attaching  teeth  to 
new  aluminum  dentures.  Patented  applied  for.  On  sale  at 
Dental  Depots. 

W.  B.  Gerow,  graduated  Dental  Department  Western  Re- 
serve University  1908,  and  Professor  Orthodontia  1909  in  this 
department.     L.  A.  Krejci  now  occupies  the  chair. 

Herbert  F.  Harvey  was  born  in  Herkimer  County,  N.  Y., 
1850.  For  two  years  he  was  in  the  sight  department  of  the 
Remington  Armory,  Illion,  N.  Y.,  and  for  three  years  front  fit- 
ting and  adjusting  machines  for  the  Davis  Sewing  Machine  Co., 
Watertown,  N.  Y.,  and  afterwards  a  student  of  D.  R.  Jennings, 
Cleveland,  1876-79.  He  has  practiced  here  since  graduating  at 
Michigan  University  Dental  Department  1879.  He  invented  a 
hot  air  syringe  and  chip-blower  combined,  Patented  Nov.  21, 
1896.  The  object  was  to  provide  a  syringe  with  means  of  en- 
abling the  operator  to  supply  an  air  blast  of  known  and  constant 
temperature.  This  M^as  accomplished  by  the  air  being  forced 
to  pass  through  a  spiral  air  passage  enclosed  in  a  copper  bulb 
which  could  be  heated  as  desired  and  the  temperature  of  the  air 
passing  through  it  registered  by  means  of  a  small  thermometer 
enclosed  in  a  glass  barrel  of  the  syringe. 

He  invented  rubber-dam  clamps  made  from  piano-string- 
wire;  one  pair  is  for  upper  molars,  another  pair  for  lower 
molars. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Ci-eveland  35 

These  clamps  are  especially  for  those  molars  whicli  are  not 
completely  erupted,  or  are  very  conical  in  shap(%  or  have  at)- 
normal  forms,  but  they  will  absolutely  fit  any  molar. 

The  "Ohio  Dental  Journal,"  March,  1900,  contains  in- 
structions about  making'  and  usiny  them. 


DR.    H.    F.    HARVEY'S    PIANO    WIRE    CLAMPS    FOR   HOLDING 
RUBBER   DAM   ON   THE   MOLAR   TEETH 

He  devised  (1877)  the  sole-leather  faced  hand  mallet,  i.  e., 
an  ordinary  cylindrical  metal  shell  partly  filled  with  lead  or 
tin  and  faced  with  sole-leather. 


36  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

He  lectured  on  Orthodontia  for  several  years  at  the  dental 
department  of  Western  Reserve  University. 

His  improvement  in  the  clamps  noted,  consists  in  doing 
away  with  the  soldered  metal  grip  and  brazing  the  bows  to- 
gether so  that  there  is  a  slight  space  between  them  most  of  the 
way;  thus  making  them  more  sanitatry.  The  brazing  spoils  the 
temper  of  the  wire,  and  the  whole  clamp  must  be  re-tempered. 

J.  W.  HiSEY  says  that  he  had  a  case  in  Feb.,  1893,  which 
he  took  to  the  Hospital  of  Oral  Surgery  in  Philadelphia.  It 
was  of  a  boy  fifteen  years  of  age,  who  was  bright,  well  educated 
and  of  good  physique.  He  was  afflicted  with  the  most  remark- 
able hypertrophy  of  the  gingivae  and  alveolar  process  that 
(probably)  has  ever  been  known.  The  case  was  operated  on 
by  Professors  J.  E.  Garretson  and  M.  H.  Cryer,  and  the  Cos- 
mos, June,  1893,  contains  a  full  description  of  the  operation, 
and  ''Studies  of  the  Internal  Anatomy  of  the  Face"  by  Prof. 
Cryer,  contains  a  picture  of  the  boy  before  the  operation  and 
also  the  portion  removed  from  the  upper  jaw,  Feb.  17,  1893. 
Another  picture  shows  the  portion  removed  from  the  lower  jaw 
Mar.  11,  1893,  and  also  the  picture  of  the  boy  after  both  opera- 
tions when  the  parts  had  completely  healed.  Artificial  dentures 
were  supplied  in  due  time.  Another  picture  six  years  later  pre- 
sents him  as  he  appears  when  wearing  the  dentures  with  great 
comfort,  and  now  (1911)  he  is  still  wearing  them,  and  there 
has  been  no  recurrence  of  the  disease. 

Lucy  Gertrude  Hoffman  was  graduated  from  the  Dental 
Department  Western  Reserve  University,  Cleveland,  after  at- 
tending the  regular  course  of  three  years ;  thus  far  she  is  the 
only  female  student  who  has  ever  attended  this  department;  she 
came  from  Bellefontaine,  0. 

Chas.  E.  Hurd  graduated  from  Dental  Department  West- 
ern Reserve  University  1896,  and  for  five  years  was  first  assis- 
tant, in  the  Operatory  and  Laboratories ;  he  was  the  first  grad- 
uate to  serve  his  Alma  Mater. 

W.  P.  HoRTON  was  born  October  28,  1823,  in  Pittsford,  Vt., 
where  he  attended  public  school,  and  the  high  school  in  Walling- 
ford,  and  the  Seminary  in  Castleton;  in  the  latter  there  was  a 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  37 

medical  college  where  he  attended  lectures  more  or  less  in  1842- 
3 ;  he  also  taught  school  several  winters. 

Came  to  Pittsfield,  0.,  Oct.  22,  1844,  and  attended  Oberlin 
College  about  two  years. 

In  1846  began  the  study  of  dentistry  with  C  B.  Miner,  Syl- 
vania,  0.,  they  were  somewhat  itinerant  in  practice  but  they 
finally  went  to  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  where  W.  P.  H.  remained  until 
1847,  when  he  returned  to  Ohio  and  taught  school  in  the  winter. 
From  1848  to  the  spring  of  1851  he  clerked  in  Pelton's  store  in 
Oberlin,  then  he  went  into  the  office  of  Miner  and  Ferris,  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.,  where  he  remained  until  fall,  when  they  gave  him 
a  certificate  stating  that  he  was  prepared  to  do  anything  in  the 
dental  line.  Then  he  returned  to  Oberlin  where  he  remained 
until  July,  1852,  when  he  came  to  Cleveland  and  entered  the 
dental  office  of  B.  Strickland  and  worked  for  $2.50  per  day, 
after  a  time  S.  gave  him  one-third  interest  in  the  practice,  and 
the  first  year  they  collected  $2,400.00.  Partial  dentures  on 
gold  were  $40.00  and  full  ones  (upper  or  lower)  $50.00. 

Cleveland  Leader,  March  7,  1911. 
Dental  Work. — I  have  been  in  business  over  forty  years 
(59)  in  Cleveland.  Satisfaction  guaranteed.  Best  of  refer- 
ences. Dr.  W.  P.  Horton,  D.  D.  S.,  228  Osborn  Bldg.  Prospect 
and  Huron  Eoad.  At  present  the  oldest  dentist  in  the  city,  and 
he  has  practiced  here  the  longest. 

Wm.  T.  Jackman  was  born  Oct.  31,  1858,  in  California,  Pa., 
and  attended  the  public  schools,  and  later  the  Columbiana  high 
and  Lisbon  normal  school  in  Ohio.  He  was  a  pedagogue,  and 
also  student  of  Dr.  C.  E.  Mason  of  Columbiana;  graduated  from 
Philadelphia  Dental  College  1887,  but  practiced  under  a  state 
certificate  in  Waynesburg,  0.,  1880-87,  since  then  he  has  prac- 
ticed here.  Professor  Prosthetic  Dentistry  about  three  years  in 
Dental  Department  Cleveland  University  of  Medicine  and  Sur- 
gery; Editor  Department  Operative  Dentistry  in  The  Dentists' 
Magazine,  1906-7-8. 

J.  W.  Jungman  devised  a  set  of  six  "prophylactic  scalers" 
in  1906 ;  they  are  manufactured  by  the  Cleveland  Dental  Co. 

He  was  the  first  dentist  here  to  limit  his  practice  to  prophy- 
laxis and  treatment  of  pyorrhea;  this  he  began  early  in  1908. 


38  History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

H.  C.  Kenyon  for  several  years  was  Instructor  and  Pro- 
fessor Operative  Technics  and  Dental  Anatomy,  Dental  Depart- 
ment Western  Reserve  University  and  he  invented  a  Compressed 
Air  Casting  Outfit  designed  especially  for  making  gold  inlays 
without  using  a  matrix,  but  is  also  used  for  casting  small  par- 
tial plates,  bridges,  bridge  "dummies,"  and  retaining  appli- 
ances for  orthodontia  and  pyorrhea  cases.  Castings  can  be 
made  with  any  metal  or  alloy,  from  Melotte's  metal  to  plati- 
num. The  Dentists'  Magazine,  June,  1907,  contains  an  article 
describing  the  Outfit  and  its  use. 

It  was  first  publicly  exhibited  at  the  spring  meeting  of  the 
Cleveland  Dental  Society,  1907.  Not  patented;  manufactured 
by  The  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co. 

His  appointment  card  viz. :  ' '  This  time  is  reserved  ex- 
clusively for  you.  Please  give  twenty-four  hours  notice  if  you 
cannot  keep  the  appointment,  otherwise  time  will  be  charged 
on  your  account  at  four  dollars  the  hour.  Payment  will  be  .re- 
quired promptly  upon  the  presentation  of  each  monthly  state- 
ment, unless  other  arrangement  has  been  agreed  upon  before 
operations  are  commenced." 

His  bill  head,  viz. :  For  professional  services 

Cr.  on  account   •  •   Balance  due   

Received  payment. 

Statements  are  issued  on  the  last  day  of  each  month  for 
services  rendered  within  the  month.  A  record  of  all  operations 
is  kept.  If  there  is  anything  not  understood  regarding  fees 
or  services,  you  will  confer  a  favor  by  calling  and  asking  for 
an  explanation.  Other  first-class  dentists  have  similar  appoint- 
ment cards  and  bill  heads. 

T.  D.  Lindsey  had  an  idea  that  a  fast  would  benefit  him, 
as  he  had  some  stomach  and  bowel  trouble,  but  not  enough  to 
prevent  his  going  to  the  office  every  day.  He  was  led  to  do  this 
fasting  by  reading  of  what  benefits  others  had  received  from 
fasting  during  different  periods,  especially  noteworthy  were 
the  benefits  received  by  Upton  Sinclair  who  described  his  case 
in  the  Cosmopolitan.  He  (T.  D.  L.)  did  not  eat  for  eight  days, 
but  drank  all  the  water  he  wanted.  The  first  two  days,  he  felt 
a  gnawing  and  "goneness,"  but  that  passed  away,  and  then  he 
did  not  care  for  food;  he  retired,  slept  well,  and  arose  at  his 


History  ok  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


39 


usual  time,  but  during  the  last  two  days  he  felt  weaker  and 
was  a  trifle  unsteady  on  his  feet.  He  broke  the  fast  by  drink- 
ing a  little  milk  every  hour  for  the  first  two  days,  and  after 
that  ate  and  drank  about  as  before  the  fast  began.  He  does  not 
think  the  fast  benefited  him  much,  if  any. 

The  Lodge  Band  Matrix  was  invented  by  E.  Ballard  Lodge 
apd  patented  May  11,  1907.     The  set  consists  of  four  bands. 


THE    LODGE    BAND    MATRIX 

two  traction  screws  and  wrench.    Lee  Smith  and  Son,  of  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.,  were  sole  agents,  and  they  supplied  the  dealers  gen- 


40  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

erally,  thus  a  very  large  number  of  sets  were  sold.  Owing  to 
its  peculiar  form  and  adaptation  it  is  the  best — so  far  as  we  are 
aware — matrix  that  entirely  encircles  the  tooth. 

A  represents  one  style  of  band  and  B  the  other.  C  shows 
style  of  screw  appliance  used  on  bicuspid  bands ;  while  D  repre- 
sents the  one  used  on  the  molar  bands.  D  is  tightened  by  the 
wrench  seen  at  E  and  F. 

He  also  devised  some  special  ''Matrix  Pluggers,"  for  use 
in  condensing  gold  or  tin  foil. 

He  was  among  the  first  to  use  Cataphoresis  here,  and  the 
second  to  specialize  here  in  the  X-Ray  as  applied  to  the  teeth 
and  jaws,   (1903). 

He  invented  a  glass-bowl  fountain  cuspidor  in  1898,  and 
perhaps  was  the  first  to  apply  the  sterescopic  principle  to  dental 
skiagraphs;  for  description,  see  "Dental  Summary",  Feb.,  1905. 

He  also  illustrated  some  of  the  obscure  causes  of  neuralgia, 
with  skiagraphs.  June  4,  1910,  he  devised  a  cervical  clamp  made 
of  wire  and  tubing.  Wire  bows  allow  adaptation  to  the  lingual 
and  labial  sides  of  the  tooth;  to  these  bows  are  soldered  jaws 
which  conform  to  the  surfaces  of  the  teeth  below  the  cervical 
margin.  Outside  of  and  parallel  to  the  lingual  bow,  is  fastened 
a  third  bow  of  spring  wire.  To  the  lingual  bow  is  hinged  a 
lever,  this  being  attached  near  the  portion  of  the  bow  which 
clamps  upon  the  tooth.  To  this  lever  near  the  place  where  it 
is  hinged  to  the  bow  is  a  piece  of  metal  fastened  at  nearly  a 
right  angle  to  the  shaft  of  the  lever,  so  that  when  the  lever  is 
pressed  up  it  impinges  upon  the  spring  wire  and  presses  upon 
the  lingual  bow,  thereby  tightening  the  clamp.  Advantages; 
tightening  and  loosening  by  a  lever  makes  its  application 
quicker  and  easier  than  with  screws,  and  it  gives  less  pain ;  can 
be  applied  to  all  teeth  except  molars;  the  labial  bow  can  be 
extended  to  adapt  it  to  cavities  far  rootwise;  it  is  not  liable  to 
get  out  of  order.  His  bill  head  and  statement  are  same  as  H. 
C.  Kenyon's. 

IsiDOR  Lyman's  patent,  Nov.  10,  1903,  consists  of  a  chip- 
blower  and  syringe  attachment  for  dental  (treadle)  engines,  by 
means  of  which,  either  a  constant  or  intermittent  stream  of 
water  or  blast  of  air,  can  be  caused  to  play  upon  the  tooth  at 
the  point  where  it  is  being  operated  upon  by  the  dental  instru- 


History  of  Dentistry  ix  Cle\'elaxd  41 

ment.  The  syringe  can  be  filled  with  any  liquid,  and  a  lighted 
lamp  furnishes  hot  air  if  desired.  Means  are  pro\'ided  to  reg- 
ulate the  quantity  of  liquid  or  air.  On  Aug.  16,  1904,  he  pat- 
ented an  attachment  for  dental  engines,  to  be  used  in  combina- 
tion with  the  standard  treadle  and  hand-piece;  it  comprises  a 
bellows  supported  on  said  standard :  a  liquid  receptacle  secured 
to  the  standard ;  tubes  seated  in  the  stopper  of  said  receptacle, 
thus  converted  it  into  a  siphon,  atomizer  or  air  reservoir;  a 
nozzle  secured  to  the  hand-piece.  An  antiseptic  or  anesthetic 
can  be  sprayed  upon  the  teeth. 

CharIjES  G.  jMyers,  born  April  29th,  1865.  in  Washington, 
Indiana.  Graduated  from  public  schools  in  Washington.  Was 
bank  clerk  before  engaging  in  the  practice  of  dentistry.  Grad- 
uate of  Baltimore  College  of  Dentistry  and  Surgery,  1888.  Prac- 
ticed in  New  Orleans  two  years,  part  of  the  time  with  Dr.  J. 
Rollo  Knapp,  Galveston,  Texas,  three  years,  Cleveland.  Ohio, 
seventeen  j^ears.  Professor  in  crown  and  bridge  work  two  years 
in  the  Dental  Department  of  the  Homoeopathic  ^Medical  School 
in  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Practice  limited  to  crown  and  bridge  and 
inlays. 

Discovered  in  1903  a  process  for  desensitizing  nerves  in 
teeth,  such  process  being  known  as  High  Pressure  AuLesthesia. 

January,  1901,  invented  the  Myers  Dental  Obtunder.  a 
high  pressure  syringe  for  forcing  an  obtiinding  fluid  through 
the  dentinal  tubuli.  Patent  application  filed  April  12th,  1901. 
United  States  patent,  Nov.  12th,  1907:  German  patent,  Sept. 
3rd,  1901:  French  patent,  Nov.  11th,  1901;  English  patent,  Nov. 
10th,  1904. 

In  1898  invented  a  Revolving  Work  Bench  for  use  in  a 
dental  office.  This  bench  combines  an  operating  cabinet,  labora- 
tory bench,  etc.,  in  one  piece  of  furniture. 

In  October,  1909,  invented  a  Light  Concentrator  and  Pro- 
jector for  dental  and  surgical  uses,  which  gives  a  perfectly  clear 
white  field  of  light.    Patent  claims  allowed  but  not  issued. 

April,  1910,  invented  an  Automobile  Light  which  gives  a 
long  projection  of  light,  a  clear  field,  and  a  light  without  the 
glare  common  to  all  other  automobile  lights.  Patent  claims  al- 
lowed but  not  issued. 


42  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

J.  T.  Newton  was  born  in  Hinckley,  0.,  1871,  spent  several 
years  on  a  farm,  attended  Hiram  College,  0.,  1889-92,  graduated 
at  the  Dental  Department  Cleveland  University  Medicine  and 
Surgery,  1895,  since  then  has  practiced  here.  As  treasurer  of 
Cleveland  Dental  Society,  he  introduced  a  perfect  system  of 
society  book-keeping. 

John  Ralph  Owens  was  born  in  Burlington,  la..  May  15, 
1853 ;  graduated  from  high  school  and  business  college,  antici- 
pating a  business  career;  began  to  study  dentistry  with  Drs. 
I.  P.  Wilson  and  0.  H.  Denise,  of  Burlington,  in  1873,  and  en- 
tered Philadelphia  Dental  College  in  the  fall  of  that  year;  was 
Vice-President  of  his  class  which  graduated  Feb.,  1875.  Prac- 
ticed in  Philadelphia  between  college  terms,  and  came  to  Cleve- 
land, Mar.  11,  1875,  and  assisted  F.  N.  Clark  for  three  years, 
then  he  opened  an  office,  and  is  still  in  practice.  He  was  one 
of  the  constituent  members  of  the  City  Dental  Society  and  its 
third  president,  also  member  of  the  State  Dental  Society,  and 
president  Northern  Ohio  Association  on  its  fiftieth  anniversary; 
has  appeared  before  these  societies  at  various  times  as  essayist 
and  clinician.  Conservative  in  judgment  and  practice  and  per- 
sistent in  saving  dental  pulps  and  using  oxychlorid  of  zinc  for 
filling  root  canals;  his  record  for  tAventy  years  shows  that  he 
had  few  failures. 

Was  never  an  ardent  advocate  of  inlays  either  gold  or  por- 
celain, believing  they  had  a  limit,  but  felt  that  the  sheet  anchor 
for  saving  carious  teeth,  was  fillings  of  gold  or  amalgam. 

He  was  the  first  lecturer  on  anesthetics  at  the  dental  de- 
partment Western  Reserve  University,  a  position  he  occupied 
for  several  years.  He  devised  a  method  of  setting  crowns,  with- 
out band  or  cap,  so  as  to  preserve  the  end  of  the  root  and  secure 
accuracy.  Having  a  good  strong  root,  the  canal  is  enlarged  for 
a  How  screw-post  and  the  basal  end  countersunk,  (a)  The 
crown  is  ground  to  adaptation,  then  the  screwpost  is  fitted  so 
as  to  bring  the  crown  into  a  proper  position,  then  cement  is 
used  to  fix  the  post  in  the  canal,  and  the  overflow  cement  is  re- 
moved from  the  countersunk  cavity  which  is  then  filled  with 
amalgam  (b)  and  while  it  is  plastic  the  crown  can  be  carefull}^ 
driven  to  position  with  a  mallet  and  piece  of  soft  wood ;  now 
trim   off  the   excess   amalgam,   and   gently  remove   the   crown ; 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


43 


when   the   amalgam   has    "set,"    then    attach    the   crown    with 
cement,      (c). 

The  Ohio  Dental  Journal,  Mar.,  1900,  gives  in  detail  the 
method  he  used  in  capping  1675  exposed  pulps,  mostly  with 
Houghton's  Oxy-chlorid,  and  as  far  as  he  is  aware  only  30  died. 
He  was  appointed  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Dental  Ex- 
aminers Apr.,  1911,  for  five  years. 


J.    R.    OWEN'S    CROAVN 


Besides  practicing  dentistry,  P.  O.  and  A.  Parsons  are 
successful  manufacturers  of  Celluloid  collars  and  cuffs,  and  are 
also  interested  in  Parsons-Jackson  Co.,  who  manufacture  toys: 
among  them  the  first  doll-head  ever  made  in  the  U.  S. — outside 
of  rubber — which  is  hard  and  tough,  and  almost  unbreakable. 
P.  0.  manufactures  jewelry  for  his  family. 

Eugene  L.  Patchin,  born  Feb.  14,  1861,  began  to  study 
dentistry  1879,  and  practiced  in  Huron  and  Richland  Co.,  0., 
1882-85,  when  he  came  to  Cleveland. 

In  1899  he  demonstrated  his  method  of  shaping  metal  plates 
to  dies  by  means  of  rubber  forms  and  rim  strips  over  the  die 
and  plate,  then  closing  on  to  it  with  a  strong  flask  press  and 
pounding  it  down  with  a  heavy  hammer.  It  was  worked  down 
to  the  die  by  means  of  a  rubber  crutch-tip  placed  upon  the  ball 
of  the  hammer  also  by  the  Parker  swager  using  rubber  instead 
of  shot.     Method  described  in  the  Ohio  Dental  Journal. 

In  1890  he  gave  a  demonstration  of  forms  east  from  natural 
teeth,  using  them  for  swaging  "Jacket-crowns, "  and  also  showed 
that  pulverized  cuttle-fish  used  as  an  investment  in  soldering 
was  a  great  time  saver.  He  used  fine  steel  wool  for  finishing 
swaged  aluminum,  and  also  a  small  pellet  of  cotton  moistened 


44  History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

with  cocaine  to  make  contact  upon  for  high  pressure  when  ob- 
tunding. 

In  1909  he  showed  his  method  of  filling  teeth  with  gold, 
using  quick  setting  cement  to  line  the  cavity,  placing  some  of 
the  gold  in  the  cement  before  it  set,  thus  getting  a  gold  surface 
upon  which  he  built  enough  more  corrugated  cohesive  gold  to 
fill  the  cavity. 

C.  D.  Peck  was  born  in  Portage  Co.,  0.,  attended  public  and 
high  school  and  acted  as  foreman  of  his  father's  butter  and 
cheese  factory,  and  studied  dentistry  in  the  office  of  J.  C.  Mer- 
ritt,  of  Cleveland,  1879,  then  graduated  at  Dental  Department 
University  Michigan,  1881,  and  since  then  has  practiced  in  San- 
dusky, 0.  He  is  prominent  in  the  Episcopal  church  and  military 
matters. 

Weston  Andrew^  Valleau  Price,  member  of  American  As- 
sociation for  the  Advancement  of  Science,  National  Dental  As- 
sociation, Ohio  State  Dental  Society,  Northern  Ohio  Dental 
Association,  Cleveland  Dental  Society  and  charter  member  of 
American  Roentgen  Ray  Society. 

Born  September  6th,  1870,  on  a  farm  at  Newburgh,  On- 
tario, Canada.  Preparatory  education  at  Newburgh  High  School 
and  Napanee  Collegiate  Institute.  Graduated  at  the  Dental  De- 
partment of  the  University  of  Michigan,  1893.  Took  special 
work  in  the  literary  and  medical  departments  of  the  same  uni- 
versity.    Practiced  since  1894  in  Cleveland. 

In  1887-8  took  the  course  in  Electro  Physics  and  Electro 
Therapeutics  in  National  College  Electro  Therapeutics. 

In  1895  established  a  private  research  laboratory  for  mak- 
ing investigations  chiefly  along  dental  lines.    Special  researches: 

During  1895-6,  investigated  the  underlying  principles  in 
cataphoresis  and  the  instruments  used  in  applying  it  to  den- 
tistry. Reported  the  result  before  the  Ohio  State  Dental  So- 
ciety, Dec,  1896;  ''The  Relative  Efficiency  of  Current  Control- 
lers for  Dental  Cataphoresis."  Illustrated,  and  published  in 
their  proceedings  in  Ohio  Dental  Journal,  Feb.,  1897. 

Perfected  and  described  a  suitable  means  of  controlling  the 
electric  current  for  cataphoresis  by  using  one  and  a  half  million 
ohms  series  resistance  and  about  ten  thousand  steps  all  in   a 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Ci^eveland 


45 


small  compact  instrument.     Also  a  sensitive    milammeter    for 
registering  the  delicate  current  used  for  same. 

More  exhaustive  research  was  made  and  presented  before 
the  American  Dental  Association,    (now  National  Dental  Asso- 


Fig.  1 

DENTAL    MIL-AMMETER 

ciation),  July,  1897;  "The  Phenomena  of  Dental  Cataplioresis" 
which  dealt  chiefly  with  the  physical  and  practical  conditions 
involved.  Published  in  proceedings  and  in  Dental  Cosmos,  Nov., 
1907,  and  Ohio  Dental  Journal,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec,  1897.  Also 
presented  before  the  Canadian  Dental  Association;  Sept.,  1902. 

Research  was  made  determining  the  chemistry  and  physico- 
chemistry  of  cataphoresis.  In  this  he  had  some  assistance  from 
Prof.  Wm.  Morley ;  they  determined  the  rate  of  migration  of  the 
alkaloid  or  positive  ion  of  the  cocaine  hydrochlorate  molecule  to 
be  about  one  inch  per  hour  per  25  volts  difference  of  electrical 
potential.    Also  demonstrated  that  the  phenomenon  was  not  as 


46  History  of  Dentistry  in  CleveijAnd 

supposed  and  taught  as  one  of  electric  osmosis  but  was  one  of 
electrolysis.  These  elaborate  researches  were  presented  before  the 
Second  District  Dental  Society  of  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1898;  "The 
Foundation  Principles  of  Dental  Cataphoresis,"  and  published 
in  Items  of  Interest,  May,  1898. 

The  technique  was  simplified  and  made  exact.  This  was 
presented  under  title,  "The  Technique  Necessary  for  Applying 
Cataphoresis  Successfully,"  before  Ohio  State  Society,  June, 
1902,  published  in  Items  of  Interest,  Mar.,  1904,  and  in  Ohio 
Journal;  also  under  title  "Some  Hard  Cases  for  Cataphoresis 
with  Helpful  Suggestions,"  and  under  title,  "Why  You  Failed 
with  Cataphoresis,"  before  Ohio  State  Society,  Dec,  1901,  also 
together  with  other  pain  relieving  methods  under  title,  "Less 
Painless  Dentristry,"  published  in  Dentists'  Magazine,  March, 
1906.  Migration  and  Vibration  of  the  Ions  of  Hydrochlorate  of 
Cocaine,  in  Items  of  Interest,  July,  1898. 

The  research  for  the  adaptation  of  the  Roentgen  Rays  to 
dental  uses  was  carried  on  during  1897-8-9,  with  the  perfection 
■of  several  new  improvements,  among  them  the  following: 

(A)  A  special  tripple-coated  heavy  film  for  dental  uses 
which  was  extremely  sensitive  to  X-Rays,  manufactured  for  the 
profession  by  the  M.  A.  Seed  Dry  Plate  Co. 

(B)  An  opaque,  flexible  and  insulating  cloth  to  protect  the 
patient  and  operator  from  the  X-Ray  burns,  made  in  gloves, 
aprons,  tube  shields,  etc.  (This  has  saved  many  operators  from 
losing  their  hands  and  lives.)  This  flexible  opaque  cloth  or 
rubber  is  now  made  in  quantities  in  America  and  Europe. 

Fig.  2  which  shows  two  hands,  one  with  and  one  without 
the  opaque  glove  on  when  exposed  to  the  X-Rays.  This  was 
patented  to  secure  it  for  the  public  and  the  formula  and  patent 
■given  to  the  public.  It  is  made  by  incorporating  the  oxides  of 
■any  metals  of  very  high  atomic  weight  as  lead  with  pure  gum 
caoutchouc  and  sulphur  and  vulcanized,  either  soft  and  flexible 
or  hard  as  desired. 

(C)  An  instrument  for  recording  on  each  skiagraph  nega- 
tive or  print  from  it,  the  exact  angle  or  degree  at  which  the 
Tays  approached  the  plate,  consisting  of  a  column  of  opaque 
metal,  say  a  platinum  post  one-quarter  of  an  inch  high  standing 
in  the  centre  of  a  series  of  fine  platinum  rings  all  in  an  alu- 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  47 


Fig.   2 

TWO    HANDS ONE    WITH    AND    ONE    WITHOUT    OPAQUE    GLOVE    ON 

minum  plate.  A  vertical  ray  makes  the  post  appear  as  a  dot 
in  the  centre  of  the  rings  and  an  oblique  ray  by  casting  a  shadow 
from  the  post  records  automatically  its  angle  of  incidence  by 
the  number  of  rings  it  crosses,  which  angle  is  read  directly  in 
degrees. 

(D)  A  multiple  high  rapidity  electrolytic  interruptor  for 
dental  X-Ray  work. 

This  research  as  to  the  possibility  of  using  the  newly  de- 
scribed X  or  Eoentgen  Rays  in  dentistry,  (previously  reported 
as  impracticable),  was  reported  at  the  Ohio  State  Dental  So- 
ciety, Dec,  1899;  "The  Roentgen  Rays  with  Associated  Phe- 
nomena and  their  Application  to  Dentistry,"  published  in  the 
Ohio  Dental  Journal,  Feb.,  1900,  and  read  before  the  American 
Roentgen  Ray  Society  at  New  York  at  its  organization  meeting, 
"Skiagraphy  in  Oral  and  Dental  Surgery."  Research  was  made 
determining  the  best  principle  of  X-Ray  generator,  of  tube  and 
interruptor  for  making  skiagraphs  of  the  teeth  and  dental  lesions. 


48 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


and  also  the  best  technique  for  making  them  was  investigated 
during  1899-00  with  exhaustive  experiments  and  presented  un- 
der the  title,  "The  Science  of  Dental  Radiography/'  at  the  In- 
ternational Dental  Congress  at  Paris,  France,  in  August,  1900, 
and  published  in  their  proceedings  and  also  in  the  Dental  Cos- 
mos, May,  1901.  (This  special  research  took  over  nine  hundred 
hours.) 


RADIUM  Fig.     3         X-RAYS 

The  making  of  dental  skiagraphs  with  Radioactive  Salts 
(since  named  radium)  was  investigated  in  the  Spring  of  1900, 
and  reported  with  the  last  named  paper  in  Paris  with  shadow- 
graphs made  of  the  same  teeth  with  X-Rays,  and  Radioactive 
Salts.  Fig.  3,  the  only  dental  skiagraphs,  so  far  as  we  know, 
published  to  date  made  with  radium,  and  one  of  the  earliest 
pictures  made  in  this  country  with  the  radio-active  chemicals. 

The  relative  efficiency  of  the  various  X-Ray  generators  on 
the  market,  was  studied  during  1900-01,  and  demonstrated  be- 
fore the  American  Roentgen  Ray  Society,  Dec,  1901. 

The  technique  for  making  dental  skiagraphs  was  improved 
and  systematized  and  presented  before  the  Cleveland  Dental 
Society,  April,  1901;  "Practical  Progress  in  Dental  Skia- 
graphy;" published  in  Items  of  Interest. 

Further  research  was  made,  perfecting  and  simplifying  the 
technique,  and  reported  before  the  American  Roentgen  Ray  So- 
ciety, Dec,  1903 ;  "The  Technique  for  Making  Good  Dental  Skia- 
graphs;" published  in  proceedings  and  Items  of  Interest,  Mar., 
1904.  Also  Dominion  Dental  Journal,  June,  1901,  "The  X-Ray 
in  Dentristry." 

The  therapeutic  effect  of  the  X-Rays  for  treating  Pyorrhea 
Alveolaris  was  studied  during  1901-2-3-4,  by  studying  and 
treating  closely,  nineteen  typical  cases.     Eleven  of  these  were 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


49 


greatly  benefited,  and  all  v/ere  reported  and  some  exhibited  Jan., 
1904,  before  the  Cleveland  Dental  Society,  Dental  Summary, 
Mar.,  1904.  (Several  are  under  observation  and  have  been  appar- 
ently benefited.  (April,  1911.)  Also  reported  before  the  Amer- 
ican Roentgen  Ray  Society,  Dec,  1903,  and  published  in  The 
Archives  of  Radiology,  Feb.,  1904.  The  therapeutic  effect  of  the 
X-Ray  for  treating  cancer  was  studied  with  Dr  Paul  E.  Woert 
and  Dr.  Price  devised  special  instruments  for  this  work.  Root 
fillings  were  studied  with  the  X-Rays.  Items  of  Int.,  Dec,  1903. 
The  various  uses  of  electricity  in  dentistry  were  systema- 
tized and  simple  laboratory  means  were  perfected  for  demon- 
strating their  applications  and  principles  of  application  during 
1900-03.  This  was  primarily  for  teaching  purposes  in  the  den- 
tal department  of  Western  Reserve  University  where  he  was 
Professor  of  Applied  Electricity.  This  was  partially  presented 
before  the  Institute  of  Dental  Pedogogics,  Dec,  1902,  and  pub- 
lished in  the  Dental  Digest,  Nov.,  1903:  "Why  and  How  Elec- 
tricity Should  Be  Taught  in  Dental  Colleges." 


Fig.    4 
PYROMETER   FURNACE 


The  study  of  porcelains  and  the  laws  governing  their  baking 
was  carried  on  during  1901-2-3-4,  and  resulted  in  the  develop- 
ment and  perfection  of  the  pyrometer  dental  furnace  which  was 


50 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


given  to  the  profession  and  not  patented,  but  reported  in  detail 
in  the  Dental  Brief,  March,  1904.  Fig.  4.  This  included  as 
first  presented,  a  detachable  couple  or  couple  attachment,  to  be' 
inserted  into  the  door  of  any  furnace,  Fig.  5.  The  original  den- 
tal pyrometer  furnace  instrument  is  in  regular  use  now  by  the 
inventor.  The  complete  pyrometer  furnace  and  the  detach- 
able couple  were  widely  copied.  These  improvements  were  also 
presented  under  the  title,  "Important  Improvements  in  Dental 
Furnaces  and  the  Necessity  for  Them,"  at  the  Dental  Depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Michigan.  Additional  research  was 
presented  under  the  title,  "The  Advantages  of  the  Pyrometer 
for  Obtaining  Exact  Results  in  Baking  Porcelain, ' '  published 
in  Dental  Summary,  Sept.,  1905. 


Fig. 


PYROMETER    AND    DETACHABLE    COUPLER    FOR    ANY    FURNACE 


History  of  Dentistry  ix  Cleveland  51 

On  the  crushing  strength  of  various  porcehuns  with  various 
baking  temperatures  for  the  same.  Also  the  relation  of  the 
color  to  the  strength  for  a  given  porcelain.  This  was  reported 
under  the  title,  "The  Relation  of  the  Color  and  Strength  of 
Porcelain  to  the  Actual  Baking  Temperature,"  before  the  Odon- 
tological  Society  of  West.  Pennsylvania.  Dent.  Sum.,  Dec,  1904. 

On  the  physical  and  physico-chemical  changes  that  occur  in 
the  process  of  fusing  porcelain  showing  the  relation  of  time  to 
temperature,  etc.,  were  studied  during  1902-04,  and  reported 
before  the  Illinois  State  Dental  Society  and  published  in  the 
Dental  Digest;  "The  Solution  of  the  Color  Prol)lem  in  the  Fus- 
ing of  Porcelains. ' ' 

A  method  for  recording  the  indicated  temperatures  was 
perfected  by  means  of  a  spark  from  a  small  X-Ray  coil  or  jump 
spark  coil  which  was  made  to  jump  from  the  needle  of  the  pyro- 
meter through  a  traveling  paper  chart.  This  pyrometer  and 
recorder  with  improvements,  have  come  into  large  use  in  the 
manufacturing  arts  such  as  glass  and  pottery  factories,  iron  and 
steel  manufacturing,  steel  tempering,  cold  storage,  etc.,  etc. 
These  are  manufactured  by  the  A.  M.  Price  Electric  Co.,  of 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  (The  inventor  has  no  connection  with  this 
company  which  is  owned  and  managed  by  his  brother). 

A  study  of  the  physical  properties  of  gold  and  investment 
compounds,  and  the  development  of  a  method  of  gold  inlay  pro- 
cedure using  impressions,  and  the  production  of  a  new  hard 
model  material,  was  carried  on  during  1907-08  and  reported  at 
the  Seventh  District  Dental  Society,  N.  Y.,  March,  1908,  and 
pulished  in  Items  of  Interest  May,  1908 ;  ' '  The  Laws  Determin- 
ing Casting  and  Fusing  Results,  Their  Control,  and  a  New  and 
Rational  Technique  for  Dental  Restorations." 

This  new  hard  model  material,  called  artificial  stone  has 
qualities  of  hardness  and  great  strength  but  without  contrac- 
tion on  setting,  also  withstanding  high  temperatures  without 
injury.  In  it  gold  may  be  fused  or  cast  and  polished.  The  de- 
velopment of  this  stone  model  material  and  the  impression  wax 
alone  required  about  fourteen  hundred  hours  of  laboratory 
work,  largely  that  of  an  expert  ceramic  chemist.  This  was  not 
patented,  but  given  to  the  profession. 


52 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


The  formulas  for  making  the  artificial  stone  and  impression 
wax  are :  Stone — selected  kaolin,  3  parts  by  weight ;  calcium 
hydrate,  1  part  by  weight;  aluminum  oxid,  1  part  by  weight, 
fused  at  2750°  F.  and  powdered  and  mixed  with  equal  parts  of 
selected  fine  potshell.  The  liquid  is  phosphoric  acid;  or  by  syn- 
thetic method ;  pure  silica,  20  parts  by  weight ;  calcium  hydrate, 


Fig.  6 
IMPRESSION     TRAYS 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


53 


19  parts  by  weight;  aluminum  oxid,  42  parts  by  weight,  fused 
and  mixed  as  above. 

Impression  Wax — white  gum  damar,  110  parts;  tamarack 
(hackmatack),  10  parts;  beeswax  (pure),  15  parts;  paraffin,  10 
parts;  stearic  acid,  2  parts;  for  further  directions,  see  Items  of 
Interest,  Sept.,  1910,  and  Dental  Cosmos,  Mar.,  1911. 

This  system  of  casting  and  fusing  gold  directly  into  a  hard 
model,  was  demonstrated  before  the  Toronto,  Canada,  Dental 
Society,  Oct.,  1908 ;  Odontological  Society,  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  1909 ; 
Southern  California  Dental  Association,  California  State  Dental 
Association,  Oregon  State  Dental  Association,  Washington  State 
Dental  Association,  June  and  July,  1909 ;  Connecticut  State 
Dental  Association,  May,  1910,  under  title,  "Some  Advantages 
of  the  Stone  Model  Method  in  Making  Gold  and  Porcelain 
Restorations,"  published  in  Dental  Cosmos,  Sept.,  1910,  and  pro- 
ceedings of  Massachusetts  State  Dental  Association,  June,  1910. 
Also  paper  in  Dental  Summary,  Feb.,  1909 ;  same  subject. 

An  improved  technique  for  cavity  preparation  for  gold 
inlays  and  a  system  of  trays  and  a  micrometer  articulator  were 
studied  and  developed,  (Fig.  6  and  7)  during  1908-9,  and  pre- 
sented before  the  Second  District  Dental  Society,  N.  Y.,  Jan., 
1910,  published  in  Items  of  Interest,  Sept.,  1910;  "Casting  to 
Models,  Its  Advantages  and  Technique." 

The  Laws  underlying  and  controlling  the  behavior  of  gold 
in  fusing  and  casting  and  also  of  the  noble  metals,  were  care- 
fully studied  during  1909-10,  and  also  the  physical  properties 
of  the  waxes  used  for  impressions  and  patterns,  and  of  the 
various  investing  compounds.  The  fact  was  determined  by  ex- 
haustive experiments,  that  gold  occupies  one-ninth  (11.52%) 
(linear  expansion  is  one-third  the  volume  expansion)  more  space 


Fig.   7 

MICKOMETER    ARTICULATOK 


54  History  of  Dentistry  in  Ci^eveland 

when  molten  than  when  at  normal  temperature  and  that  it 
changed  nearly  half  of  this  total  change  4.9%  in  passing  from 
the  liquid  to  the  solid  state  practically  without  change  of  tem- 
perature. The  expansion  and  contraction  of  gold  at  all  temper- 
atures to  melting  point  was  determined,  also  the  effect  of  alloy- 
ing and  the  effect  of  various  pressures  on  the  crystallizing  and 
cooling  gold.  Also  the  exact  expansion  co-efficient  of  all  the 
stock  inlay  waxes  at  various  temperatures  and  their  elasticity 
and  the  precise  errors  introduced  by  each  of  the  various  steps 
in  the  various  casting  processes.  Also  the  expansion  and  con- 
traction of  investments  on  being  heated  and  the  effect  of  casting 
pressure  on  them.  This  research  was  presented  before  the  Na- 
tional Dental  Association,  July,  1910,  and  published  in  their 
proceedings  and  in  the  Dental  Cosmos,  Mar.,  1911;  "The  Laws 
Determining  the  Behavior  of  Gold  in  Fusing  and  Casting."  The 
part  of  this  research  which  determined  the  physical  properties 
of  gold  and  of  the  waxes,  took  over  eleven  hundred  hours  of 
time,  largely  by  hired  expert  assistants,  one  of  whom  was  Prof. 
D.  C.  Miller,  and  cost  over  $1,000.00. 

He  carried  on  continuously  from  1895  to  1911  inclusive, 
studies  and  experiments  for  perfecting  a  technique  and  pro- 
cedure for  correcting  deformities  of  the  face  and  occlusion  in 
adults  by  mechanical  means  without  moving  the  roots  of  the 
teeth.  Reported  in  part  before  the  Ohio  State  Dental  Society, 
Dec,  1906;  "The  Correction  of  Occlusion,  Articulation  and 
Facial  Expression  by  Lengthening  the  Bite  by  a  System  of 
Crowns,  Bridges  and  Inlays,"  published  in  Dental  Summary, 
May,  1909.  Also  improved  and  presented  before  the  New  York 
State  Dental  Assoc,  May  5th,  1911;  "The  Correction  of  Facial 
Deformities  and  Malocclusion  in  Adults."    Cosmos,  Aug.,  1911. 

During  1904  to  1911  inclusive,  he  studied  the  automatic 
recording  of  temperature,  pulse  and  respiration,  (unpublished 
April,  1911). 

In  1911  he  studied  the  effect  produced  on  obstinate  cases  of 
pyorrhea  alveolaris,  by  raising  the  opsonic  index,  (unpublished 
April,  1911). 

The  following  instruments  have  been  devised  and  given  to 
the  profession  by  him : 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


55 


Pressure  G&vge  d>nd  Cuzhioo 
Forlii§b  Pressure  An^cfhesid. 


Fig.   8 

The  two  outside  Instruments  are   Saliva  Ejectors. 
The  one  in  the  center  is  a  Pressure  Gauge. 


56 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


A  combination  saliva  ejector  and  tongue  and  cheek  depres- 
sor and  protector  in  pairs,  for  the  lower  arch.  Dispenses  with 
the  rubber  for  most  lower  operations.  Fig.  8,  the  two  outer 
instruments. 

An  electric  bur  sharpener  using  the  direct  current  and  an 
acid  bath  with  the  burs  on  the  negative  pole,  (electroplating 
reversed). 

A  combined  pressure  gauge  and  pressure  cushion  for  high 
pressure  anesthesia  preventing  the  pain  caused  by  pressing  co- 
caine into  a  pulp.  Fig.  8,  the  center  instrument.  It  can  be 
attached  behind  the  needle  on  any  high  pressure  syringe. 

A  centrifugal  casting  machine  in  which  the  gold  is  melted 
in  a  crucible  in  a  resistance  muffle  and  its  temperature  shown 
by  a  pyrometer.  The  centrifugal  force  releases  the  head  which 
automatically  turns  from  a  vertical  to  a  horizontal  position 
thereby  allowing  the  molten  gold  to  enter  the  mold  at  high 
pressure.     Fig.  9. 


Fig.    9 

CENTRIFUGAL     CASTING     MACHINE 


Copies  of  the  reports  of  these  researches  have  been  bound 
and  placed  in  the  Dental  Library  Section  of  the  Cleveland  Pub- 
lic Library  and  in  the  State  Dental  Library  at  Columbus,  under 
title  ''Eeports  of  Dental  Researches  of  Weston  A.  Price,  1895 
to  1911. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  57 

E.  E.  Peebles  was  born  in  N.  Y.,  Aug.  21,  1831,  and  came 
here  Sept.  16,  1836;  when  his  school  days  were  finished,  his 
occupations  were  varied,  including  the  study  of  medicine  and 
dentistry.  May  30,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  B,  7th  0.  V.  I.,  and 
was  discharged  Nov.  28,  on  account  of  being  wounded.  Later 
went  into  the  Quartermaster's  department  as  A.  Q.  M.  agent 
and  remained  until  the  close  of  the  war  at  Nashville,  Tenn., 
then  returned  here  and  entered  J.  C.  Stephen's  dental  office, 
Sept.  28,  1865,  and  remained  one  year,  but  during  this  time  he 
attended  the  Medical  College  on  the  corner  of  St.  Clair  and 
Erie  St.,  where  he  graduated  in  1867,  and  later  he  took  a  full 
course  in  the  Chicago  Post-Graduate  School  of  Prosthetic  Den- 
tistry. 

In  1867  he  purchased  the  dental  practice  of  his  preceptor, 
corner  Pearl  and  Detroit  St.,  where  he  practiced  for  thirty-six 
years,  retiring  in  1903  on  account  of  a  broken  leg. 

E.  D.  Phillips,  graduated  Dental  Department  Western  Ee- 
serve  University,  1905;  demonstrator  Operative  Dentistry  in 
this  department  1906. 

E.  W.  Poole  and  J.  H.  Heffelfinger,  in  Jan.,  1909,  ob- 
tained a  patent  on  a  locking  device  for  porcelain  facings,  which 
consists  of  a  chamber  with  an  overlapping  edge  to  receive  the 
bent  pins  of  any  bridge-tooth ;  said  tooth  is  easily  removed  while 
in  process  of  constructing  a  bridge,  and  easily  replaced  if  brok- 
en .  To  keep  the  pins  or  hooks  immovable,  they  are  set  in 
cement,  which  also  makes  them  sanitary.  This  device  gives  a 
wide  range  to  the  dentist  by  reason  of  the  great  number  of 
teeth  to  select  from,  and  a  tooth  of  the  above  kind  is  the  strong- 
est of  any  removable  tooth.  There  are  no  flaws  caused  by  sol- 
dering, and  no  channels  or  indentations  in  the  facings,  and 
several  have  been  used  in  the  mouth  for  six  years,  and  none 
have  broken. 

M.  C.  Eamaley  devised  an  apparatus  for  the  administration 
of  Ethel-chlorid  as  an  anesthetic;  a  pair  of  burnishers  for  use 
on  gold  fillings ;  a  set  of  band-fitters  and  some  gold  pluggers. 

Martha  Eobinson,  daughter  of  J.  E.  Eobinson,  was  born  in 
this  city  Sept.  12,  1866.  Graduated  from  Dental  Department 
Michigan  University  1888;  practiced  here  in  her  father's  office 


58  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

until  1892,  when  she  married  D.  E.  Ewald  of  this  city;  prac- 
ticed in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  since  1896 ;  secretary  Cleveland  City 
Dental  Society  1889 ;  Vice-President  Ohio  State  Dental  Society 
1890;  member  Second  District  Dental  Society,  N.  Y.  She  well 
represents  the  third  generation  of  dentists  in  the  Robinson  fam- 
ily, and  the  "brethren"  here  always  speak  kindly  of  her. 

Methods  of  using  Steele's  Facings  on  Bicuspids  and  Molars. 

Clinic  prepared  especially  for  "Items  of  Interest,"  by  II. 
B.  Rosenwasser. 

Prepare  the  root  as  for  an  ordinary  shell  crown,  trimming 
buccal  portion  at  a  right  angle  to  make  room  for  Steel  facing. 
Make  a  shell  crown  band,  filing  the  buccal  side  to  within  one- 
eighth  inch  of  gingival  end,  a  sixteenth  of  which  should  extend 
below  the  gum  similar  to  the  Richmond  band ;  the  operator  must 
use  his  judgment  as  to  how  much  gold  he  extends  above  the 
gum  line.  All  filing  must  be  at  right  angles,  and  may  be  con- 
tinued until  the  mesial  and  distal  flaps  are  hidden  from  view  by 
the  adjoining  teeth.  Solder  a  piece  of  thin  gold  as  a  floor  to  the 
I)uccally — extended  portion.  With  the  floor  as  a  base  place  the 
Steele  backing  against  the  filed  mesial  and  distal  flaps,  and 
solder  backing  to  band,  allowing  backing  to  extend  above  the 
I)and  until  crown  is  completed.  Swage  solid  gold  cusp,  fit  it 
against  the  backing  and  higher  portions  of  the  band,  and  solder 
cusp  to  band.  Place  crown  in  mouth  and  grind  facing  to  correct 
occlusion.  Trim  backing  to  facing.  If  the  occlusal  surface  is 
not  high  enough  unite  it  to  the  backing  with  solder.  This  makes 
a  strong,  durable,  esthetic  crown,  with  the  advantage  of  a  re- 
movable Steele  facing.  For  illustrations  see  Items  of  Interest, 
Oct.,  1906. 

H.  B.  Rosenwasser  received  an  appointment  as  dentist  to 
the  Cleveland  Jewish  Orphan  Asylum,  April  30,  1904.  This  in- 
stitution has  on  an  average  five  hundred  children  from  four  to 
fifteen  years  of  age.  He  is  in  attendance  one  day  per  week, 
and  has  a  room  with  the  necessary  dental  appliances.  In  emer- 
gency cases  the  children  are  sent  to  his  office  in  the  city.  The 
character  of  the  work  does  not  differ  from  regular  office  prac- 
tice; gold,  amalgam  and  cement  fillings;  gold  and  acolite  in- 
lays;  gold  and  porcelain  crowns;  treatments  and  extractions. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  59 

Orthodontia    was    attempted    but    abandoned,    as    the    children 
would  often  remove  the  appliances. 

In  1908  W.  H.  RowAND  produced  cast  gold  inlays,  etc.,  with 
an  apparatus  (of  his  own  construction)  now  known  as  the 
"Bucket  Method,"  which  consisted  of  a  small  metal  bucket 
(flask)  in  which  the  investment  containing  the  disappearing 
model  is  placed;  the  gold  being  melted  in  a  concavity  in  the 
top  of  the  investment — with  a  blow-pipe — the  bucket  which  is 
attached  to  a  handle,  is  quickly  whirled  in  the  air  and  the  gold 
finds  its  way  through  a  sprue  hole  into  the  mold.  In  regard 
to  the  above  he  says:  '"In  Dec,  190S,  while  experimenting  with 
centrifugal  casting  machines  attached  to  a  dental  motor,  I  con- 
ceived the  idea  of  the  hand  casting-machine.  In  swinging  the- 
bucket  around  by  hand — like  a  sling-shot — the  speed  can  be 
controlled  and  after  trying  it  practically,  it  was  found  to  be  all 
that  could  be  desired  for  all  kinds  of  casting  applicable  to- 
operative  and  prosthetic  dentistry." 

R.  E.  Sadler  invented  and  patented  a  combined  impression 
tray  and  cheek  distender,  No.  880,328. 

Julius  B.  Sapp  was  granted  a  patent  (793,099)  for  a  new 
and  useful  improvement  in  syringes  for  seventeen  years  from 
June  27,  1905.  This  invention  is  an  obtunding-syringe  partic- 
ularly suitable  for  dental  work.  The  principal  characteristic 
is  the  use  of  a  screw  plunger  instead  of  the  usual  reciprocating 
piston.  This  is  known  as  a  high-pressure  syringe,  and  is  suc- 
cessfully used  for  injecting  anesthetic  solutions  into  the  tooth 
substance — through  a  small  pit  drilled  into  the  dentin — so  that 
in  one  or  two  minutes  the  tooth  can  be  excavated  for  filling,  or 
it  can  be  ground,  or  the  pulp  can  be  removed  painlessly. 


60  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


The  accompanying  illustration  represents  a  very  simple 
and  practical  invention  of  0.  J.  Sayers  for  making  castings  by 
air  pressure.  The  device  is  small,  but  very  efficient  in  opera- 
tion, and  is  particularly  designed  to  control  the  air  automatic- 
ally. For  dental  work  it  has  a  wide  range  of  use.  The  Cire- 
Perdue,  or  Waste-Wax  process,  is  followed,  wherein  a  wax 
model  of  the  object  to  be  cast  is  supported  centrally  in  a  flask 
by  means  of  a  needle  or  wire  of  sufficient  diameter  to  form  an 
ingate  or  sprue  when  withdrawn  from  the  investing-compound 
or  mold  after  its  completion.  The  finished  mold  is  placed  in 
the  air-compressor,  the  metal  placed  in  the  mouth  of  the  mold, 
and  then  all  the  operator  is  required  to  do  is  to  melt  the  metal 
by  use  of  the  blow-pipe,  and  at  the  critical  moment  simply  press 
down  upon  a  finger  bolt;  the  balance  of  the  operation  is  auto- 
matic. This  automatic  feature  is  broadly  covered  by  letters 
patent  bearing  No.  937,964  issued  to  Dr.  Sayers,  Oct.  26,  1909. 
Fig.  1. 


History  of  Dentistry  ix  Cleveland 


61 


62  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


He  also  invented  a  miniature  Drill  Press  in  which  the 
hand-piece  of  a  dental  engine  may  be  utilized  to  operate  a  drill 
or  other  tool  in  drilling,  reaming  and  tapping  operations,  and 
particularly  in  removable  bridge-work,  etc.  The  device  is  also 
useful  in  aligning  different  platework  attachments,  such  as  the 
Morgan,  Condit,  and  Ball  and  Socket  attachments.  It  is  both 
a  Drill  Press  and  Paralleler  combined,  but  may  also  be  ad- 
vantageously employed  for  many  other  purposes  in  the  daily 
work  of  every  mechanically  inclined  dentist.  In  detail,  the 
device  comprises  a  hollow  spindle  adapted  to  firmly  hold  the 
hand-piece.  A  face-plate  which  holds  the  work  has  a  universal 
joint  which  permits  the  work  to  be  adjusted  in  fixed  position 
at  any  desired  angle  in  respect  to  the  tool  in  the  hand-piece. 
The  arm  for  the  face-  plate  may  be  raised  or  lowered  to  give 
a  Avide  range  of  operations.  Only  a  few  advantages  of  this  de- 
vice can  be  set  forth  for  lack  of  space.     Fig.  2. 


History  of  Dentistry  ix  Ci-evelaxd 


63 


Fig.  2 

O.    J.     SAYER  'S    IXVEXTIOX — DRILL    PRESS 


64  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

W.  A.  SiDDALL,  about  1898,  introduced  the  use  of  a  block 
of  car-spring  rubber  for  swaging  metal  backings  to  artificial 
teeth ;  after  holes  were  punched  in  the  backing,  the  pins  were 
slipped  through  and  the  tooth  was  placed  face  downward  on 
a  solid  foundation,  then  the  rubber  was  placed  on  the  pins  and 
struck  with  a  heavy  hammer — result — the  pins  penetrated  the 
rubber  and  the  backing  was  neatly  swaged  to  the  tooth. 

F.  W.  Stephan  was  born  here  Sept.  14,  1873,  attended  the 
public,  high  and  manual  training  school ;  studied  dentistry  with 
his  father,  and  assisted  W.  T.  Jackman  about  one  year;  gradu- 
ated from  Chicago  Col.  Dent.  Sur.  1896;  associated  here  in 
practice  with  his  brother  J.  F.  Stephan  until  Sept.,  1897,  when 


F.     W.     STEPHAN    ARTICULATOR 

he  was  appointed  Demonstrator  Operative  Dentistry  by  his 
alma  mater.  In  1898  began  practice  in  Chicago,  where  he  still 
remains.  Member  Illinois  State  Dental  Society,  Chicago  Dental 
Society,  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association,  former  member 
Cleveland  Dental  Society.  Devised  in  1895  a  parallel  forcep  for 
extracting,  also  a  thimble  with  knife  attachment  to  cut  thread. 
Aug.  7,  1906  patented  an  articulator. 


JIiSTORY  OP  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  65 


W.     STEPHAN     AKTICULATOI; 


John  F.  Stephan  was  born  here  July  12,  1872,  attended 
the  public,  high  and  manual  training  school,  studied  dentistry 
with  his  father,  and  J.  W.  Dawson,  who  specialized  in  prosthe- 
sis; graduated  Chicago  Col.  Dent.  Sur.,  1892,  and  has  practiced 
here  since  then.  Lecturer  and  Prof.  Crown  and  Bridge-work, 
Dent.  Dept.  Homceopathic  Hospital  Col.  1892;  Prof.  Operative 
Technics  and  Lecturer  Dental  Anatomy,  Dent.  Dept.  W.  R.  U. 
for  several  years  beginning  1893.  Ex-Pres.  Cleveland  Dental 
Society,  Ohio  State  Dental  Society,  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Asso- 
ciation ;  member  National  Dental  Association,  National  Institute 
Dental  Pedagogies,  N.  Y.  Institute  Stomatology,  Cleveland  Acad- 
emy of  Medicine,  Cleveland  Medical  Library  Association,  N.  Y. 
Odontographic  Society.  He  joined  the  Northern  Ohio  Dental 
Association  1892  and  was  Pres.  1902,  and  has  held  the  various 
other  offices ;  read  many  papers,  discussed  others ;  given  several 
clinics  and  made  valuable  suggestions;  joined  the  Cleveland 
Dental  Society  1892  and  was  Pres.  1899,  and  has  held  various 
offices  down  the  line,  besides  presenting  papers  and  giving  clin- 
ics. In  1908  he  was  chairman  of  the  Com.  which  furnished  the 
design  which  was  adopted  as  the  official  button  of  the  Northern 
Ohio  Dental  Association.  In  1893  he  made  modifications  of  the 
Case  enamel  cleavers,  and  presented  a  special  wooden  form  for 
accurately  fitting  bands  for  crowns.  He  designed  an  adjust- 
able pyrometer  attachment  for  electric  furnaces,  which  has  be- 
come one  of  the  most  popular.  He  devised  a  Draw-bench  which 
is  indispensable  for  all  extensive  drawing  of  wire  and  tubing: 
"It  consists  of  a  draw-plate-holder  at  one  end  and  at  the  other 
a  finely  constructed  steel  ratchet  windlass  for  supporting  the 


m 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


^ 


Fig.  2. 


Draw  Machine. 
DR.    J.    F.    STEPHAN's    DRAW    MACHINE 


attachment  of  a  bicycle  chain  to  which  is  attached  the  draw- 
tongs.  The  wire  to  be  drawn  should  be  tapered  at  one  end  to 
pass  through  the  required  reducing  hole  of  the  draw-plate  to  be 
grasped  by  the  draw-tongs;  keep  the  plate  oiled."  (C.  S.  Case, 
Dental  Orthopedia).  In  1910  devised  a  double  band  crown.  In- 
troduced nitrous  oxid  and  oxygen,  for  use  in  major  surgery,  in 
the  hospitals  here.  He  is  a  fine  mechanic  and  thorough  prac- 
titioner. 


Hamilton  F.  Strong's  method  of  using  tin  foil  and  non- 
thermoline  (varnish)  in  combination  with  amalgam  fillings 
which  was  patented  Jan.  29,  1907,  consists  in  lining  a  cavity  in 
a  live  tooth  with  one  or  more  layers  of  tin  foil  keeping  it  away 
from  the  margins;  then  apply  one  or  more  layers  of  non-ther- 
moline  to  the  foil  and  walls  of  the  cavity,  keeping  it  away  from 
the  margins,  and  when  dry,  fill  with  amalgam  in  the  usual  way. 
Instead  of  completely  filling  the  cavity  with  amalgam  as  de- 
scribed, only  fill  it  partly  full ;  remove,  if  any,  the  free  mercury 
from  the  surface  and  prepare  the  cavity  in  the  usual  way  to 
retain  the  gold,  then  apply  one  or  more  coatings  of  non-thermo- 
line  to  the  amalgam,  and  when  dry  insert  the  gold  filling  in  the 
usual  way. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  67 

His  prophylactic  method  of  setting  gold  shell  crowns  is  viz. : 
After  the  live  tooth  has  been  prepared,  apply  non-thermoline, 
then  line  the  inside  of  the  crown  with  tin  foil  and  make  one  or 
two  more  applications  of  non-thermoline  to  the  tin  lining,  and 
when  it  is  dry,  complete  the  operation  as  usual. 

His  prophylactic  method  of  setting  gold  inlays  is  viz. :  When 
the  pulp  is  in  a  normal  condition  and  the  cavity  prepared,  line 
the  inside  with  tin  foil  and  then  apply  non-thermoline  to  the 
foil  and  when  it  is  dry,  the  cavity  is  in  readiness  for  a  wax 
model  and  to  receive  its  duplicate — the  cast  inlay. 

In  all  these  operations,  tin  foil  and  non-thermoline  (owing 
to  their  extreme  low  conducting  property  and  congeniality) 
were  chosen  to  protect  the  live  pulp  from  irritation  due  to  the 
conductivity  of  the  other  materials  and  from  the  destructive 
influence  of  cement. 

Mrs.  Florence  M.  Taylor  graduated  from  Ohio  College 
Dental  Surgery,  practiced  here  a  few  years,  married  again  and 
went  to  Washington;  her  first  husband  was  a  dentist. 

Chas.  K.  Teter,  Aug.  5,  1902,  patented  an  apparatus  for 
administering  anesthetics,  and  the  object  of  the  same  is  to  con- 
struct a  stand  for  such  device  which  will  support  two  gas- 
cylinders,  one  of  oxygen — and  one  of  nitrous  oxid — valves  reg- 
ulate the  flow  of  gas  out  of  the  cylinders  into  the  mixing-bag, 
v.-hich  is  provided  with  means  connecting  it  to  a  face-piece. 

June  23,  1903,  he  patented  a  Nasal  Inhaler,  which  is  a 
combination  of  a  flexible  cup  adapted  to  fit  over  the  nose  alone 
of  a  patient;  a  nipple  on  one  side  of  the  cup  to  provide  an 
attachment  for  a  gas  tube,  and  a  valve  to  permit  exhalation. 
Patented  England,  France,  Germany,  Belgium,  Canada. 

April  7,  1908,  he  patented  an  apparatus  for  administering 
anesthetics,  the  important  features  of  which,  are  its  adaptabil- 
ity for  the  administration  of  various  kinds  of  anesthetics;  the 
employment  of  a  mixing  chamber ;  the  muffling  of  the  noise  of 
the  expanded  nitrous  oxid;  the  provision  for  warming  the  same 
prior  to  administration ;  means  for  mingling  the  oxygen  with 
the  anesthetic  in  definite  proportions;  the  arrangement  of  parts 
whereby  ether  or  chloroform  may  be  administered  through  the 
same  apparatus  by  which  the  nitrous  oxid  and  oxygen  are  sup- 


68  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

plied;  the  provision  of  a  complete  apparatus  for  the  administra- 
tion of  anesthetics  scientifically.  Patented  Canada,  England, 
France,  Germany,  Belgium. 

He  came  here  in  1904,  and  his  practice  is  limited  to  minor 
oral  operations,  extracting  teeth,  and  administering  nitrous 
oxid  and  oxygen  for  surgical  purposes. 

In  1906  he  invented  a  set  of  six  elevators  with  large  octagon 
metal  handles. 

In  1908  he  was  appointed  chief  anesthetizer  at  St.  Luke's 
hospital,  where  he  installed  a  plant  for  the  manufacture  of 
nitrous  oxid. 

In  1910  he  was  appointed  to  teach  the  use  of,  and  admin- 
ister nitrous  oxid  and  oxygen  at  Lakeside  Hospital,  where  a 
plant  was  installed  same  as  at  St.  Luke's. 

In  1910  invented  a  pump  for  compressing  nitrous  oxid  and 
oxygen ;  this  pump  has  double  action  with  opposed  cylinders 
and  air-tight  crank-case  with  bearings  running  in  oil,  and  it 
does  not  leak  around  the  pistons. 

John  W.  Van  Doorn,  graduated  from  New  York  College 
of  Dentistry  1890;  Professor  Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics, 
Western  Reserve  University  Dental  Department  1892-1907,  when 
he  resigned.  Author  of  The  Relation  of  Dental  Lesions  to  In- 
somnia and  Nerve  Strain,  Cosmos,  June,  1909,  in  which  he  cites 
his  experience  in  treating  one  hundred  cases  in  which  the  teeth 
were  the  cause  of  nervous  disorders,  and  in  most  cases  the  treat- 
ment of  the  teeth  was  productive  of  a  return  to  normal  general 
health.  In  the  majoritj^  of  them  insomnia,  melancholia  and 
chronic  neuralgia  were  the  systemic  manifestations.  Besides 
these,  there  were  cases  of  neurasthenia,  partial  paralysis,  epi- 
lepsy, insanity  and  eye  affections.  For  further  information  see 
Insomnia  and  Nerve  Strain  by  H.  S.  Upson,  M.  D. 

Will  H.  Whitslar  was  born  June  14,  1862,  in  Youngstown, 
0.,  where  his  father  F.  S.  Whitslar  practiced  dentistry  over 
fifty  years.  Will  attended  the  public  schools  and  Rayen  High 
School,  then  entered  a  local  pharmacy  for  three  years.  His 
father's  practice  being  large  and  promising  for  a  young  man, 
he  gave  up  pharmacy  and  began  the  study  of  dentistry  Jan. 
1,  1883,  and  in  the  fall  he  entered  the  Dental  Department  Uni- 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  69 

versity  of*  Michigan,  and  graduated  Mar.  24,  1885.  By  arduous 
application  to  study  he  entered  the  senior  class  at  Rush  Medical 
College  and  graduated  1886,  and  has  practiced  dentistry  ever 
since.  In  the  fall  of  1891  he  came  to  Cleveland  and  was  made 
Dean — also  Professor — in  Dental  Department  Homoeopathic 
Medical  College;  at  the  close  of  the  year  he  resigned  to  become 
one  of  the  organizers  of  Dental  Department  Western  Reserve 
University  in  which  he  was  Secretary  of  the  Faculty  and  Pro- 
fessor Dental  Anatomy  and  Pathology;  he  resigned  after  twelve 
years  service.  He  has  contributed  numerous  papers  and  lectures 
to  dental  and  medical  societies,  and  been  President  Ohio  State, 
Northern  Ohio,  and  Cleveland,  Dental  Society.  He  was  assis- 
tant editor  of  the  Dental  Register  for  several  years,  under  J. 
Taft,  and  was  one  of  the  early  special  contributors  to  the  Dental 
Review.  His  earliest  writings  were  upon  Dental  Anatomy  and 
Embryology,  and  he  gave  a  course  of  lectures  on  this  subject  at 
the  University  of  Michigan ;  his  subsequent  work  has  been  most- 
ly devoted  to  pathology  and  therapeutics ;  his  discovery  of  the 
value  of  sulpho-carbolate  of  zinc  in  the  treatment  of  pyorrhea, 
is  being  well  received ;  he  has  held  the  highest  office  in  the  Delta 
Sigma  Delta  fraternity. 

As  an  improvement  in  the  Morrison  screw-porte  for  ex- 
tracting roots,  he  suggested  doing  away  with  the  ring-shaped 
end  of  the  shaft,  and  in  its  place  have  a  short  handle  at  right 
angles  with  the  shaft — this  was  adopted. 

He  has  written  extensive  articles  and  given  several  illus- 
trated lectures,  on  "The  Human  Hand" — a  study  of  the  hands 
of  dentists. 

George  H.  Wilson  was  born  in  Painesville,  0.,  Mar.  3, 
1855;  at  the  proper  time  attended  the  high  school.  In  the  fall 
of  1873  he  began  the  study  of  dentistry  with  his  father  (D  C. 
Wilson)  and  W.  H.  Fowler.  In  the  fall  of  1876  he  entered  the 
Dental  Department  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  from  which 
he  was  graduated  in  1878.  He  practiced  in  Painesville  until 
1891,  when  he  accepted  the  chair  of  clinical  prosthetic  dentistry 
in  the  Cleveland  (Ohio)  University  of  Medicine  and  Surgery, 
filling  that  position  for  one  academic  year.  In  Jan.,  1892,  he 
entered  upon  the  private  practice  of  dentistry  in  this  city;  in 


70  .         HiSTORV  OF  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

the  spring  of  that  year  he  accepted  the  chair  of  prosthetic 
dentistry  and  metallurgy  in  the  dental  department  of  Western 
Reserve  University,  which  he  held  until  June,  1904,  when  he 
resigned  and  devoted  his  entire  time  to  private  practice.  Since 
1896  he  has  specialized  entirely  in  the  department  of  prosthetic 
dentistry.  In  1870  joined  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association, 
in  1887  elected  president.  In  1880  joined  American  (now 
National)  Dental  Association  and  Ohio  State  Dental  Society, 
the  latter  of  which  he  was  president  in  1897 ;  honorary  member 
of  several  local  and  state  dental  societies,  and  was  one  of  the 
organizers  and  the  first  president  of  the  Cleveland  Dental  Li- 
brary Association.  In  1895  a  member  of  supreme  chapter  Delta 
Sigma  Delta;  one  of  the  editors  of  The  Dentists'  Magazine  for 
three  years;  one  of  the  authors  of  the  American  Text-book  of 
Prosthetic  Dentistry,  and  has  recently  completed  a  practical 
and  well  illustrated  text-book  on  the  same  subject. 

Has  written  many  articles  on  dentistry  and  given  numer- 
ous clinics  and  is  completely  devoted  to  his  profession. 

Fee  bill  (given  in  dollars),  Consultation  2  to  10:  Retainer, 
one-fifth  of  estimate ;  Vulcanite,  either  upper  or  lower  25  to  50 ; 
Vulcanite  both  upper  and  lower  50  to  200;  Aluminum,  either 
upper  or  lower  50  to  100;  Aluminum,  both  upper  and  lower 
100  to  500 ;  Gold  work,  50  to  750 ;  Continuous  Gum  200  to  1000. 

In  Jan.,  1906,  G.  F.  Woodbury  devised  some  gold-tipped 
instruments  for  burnishing  matrices  for  inlays.  The  instru- 
ments are  made  from  excavator  handles  with  small  shanks 
which  can  be  bent  to  any  desirable  angle,  with  a  piece  of  pure 
gold  soldered  onto  the  end  and  shaped  into  inverted  cones, 
buds,  barrels,  balls,  etc.  Melt  a  nugget  of  pure  gold  large 
enough  to  allow  for  shape  of  instrument  planned,  flux  the  steel 
and  when  the  gold  is  molten  carefully  insert  the  end  of  it,  and 
let  it  cool.  Do  not  allow  the  steel  to  penetrate  too  deeply  into 
the  gold  so  that  when  the  end  is  shaped  to  form  the  steel  will 
show  through  and  defeat  the  advantage  of  the  gold  end. 

S.  M.  Weaver  was  graduated  from  the  Dental  Department 
of  Western  Reserve  University,  Cleveland,  in  1899,  while  a 
junior  he  devised  a  set  of  enamel  cleavers,  and  in  1898  devised  a 
set  of  proximal  trimmers. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  71 

June,  1905,  patented  an  obtunder,  which  so  far  is  the  only 
automatic  high  pressure  instrument  devised  for  obtunding  sensi- 
tive dentin  and  the  painless  removal  of  living  pulps,  by  inject- 
ing some  anesthetic. 

Oct.,  1907,  patented  the  Weaver  Pyrometer,  an  accurate 
device  for  ascertaining  the  exact  fusing  point  of  porcelain : 
by  its  use  it  is  possible  to  obtain  the  exact  shades  desired  with- 
out burning  out  the  color.  A  special  feature,  is  an  arrange- 
ment whereby  the  degree  of  heat  in  the  furnace,  where  the  inlay 
rests,  is  recorded  on  the  milli-voltmeter  by  means  of  two  thermo- 
couples ending  close  to  the  porcelain  and  always  remaining  in  a 
fixed  relationship. 

In  1910  he  sold  all  "rights"  in  the  Obtunder  and  Pyro- 
meter to  The  Patent  Mfg.  Co.  of  this  city. 

D.  H.  ZiEGLER,  graduated  from  Dental  Department  Western 
Reserve  University  1899 ;  Professor  Clinical  Operative  .Dentistry 
1903-5,  author  of  Nirvanin  as  a  Local  Anesthetic,  Cosmos,  Oct., 
1901,  in  which  he  cites  experiments  when  using  it  hypodermic- 
ally  for  minor  dental  operations,  and  concludes  that  it  is  safe 
practice,  and  that  the  anesthesia  is  as  profound  and  more  pro- 
longed than  that  produced  by  cocaine ;  the  drug  is  ten  to  fifteen 
times  less  poisonous  than  cocaine,  and  patients  have  no  vertigo, 
and  wounds  heal  rapidly.  His  experiments  to  show  its  physi- 
ological action  when  applied  directly  to  a  frog's  heart,  show 
that  the  immediate  effect  was  a  slight,  short  stimulation,  with 
further  phenomena  typical  of  paralysis  of  the  cardiac  muscle, 
but  it  is  not  a  dangerous  drug  in  the  amount  used  in  minor 
operations. 


In  Memoriam 


Nathan  Hardy  Ambler  was  born  in  Huntington,  Vt.,  1823, 
and  began  to  study  dentistry  in  1841  and  went  overland  to 
California,  during  the  "gold  craze,"  in  1849  where  he  practiced 
until  he  came  to  Cleveland  1852 ;  he  remained  in  practice  until 
1868,  when  having  made  a  fortune  in  real  estate  here,  he  re- 
tired and  resided  at  "Eock  Rest,"  on  Fairmount  St.,  until  his 
death  in  1888;  his  remains  w^ere  interred  in  Lake  View  Ceme- 
tery. He  first  purchased  three  acres  on  the  corner  of  Euclid 
and  Bolton  and  built  a  house  and  in  a  few  years  sold  it  and 
purchased  the  adjoining  twelve  acres,  on  which  he  built  a  large 
brick  house  which  was  "razed"  when  Billings  Ave.  was  laid 
out.  He  was  the  first  one  to  build  a  residence  (now  standing) 
on  the  ridge  of  land  (then  outside  the  city  limits)  now  known 
as  "The  Heights." 

In  1855  he  was  associated  with  B.  T.  Spelman,  who  came 
here  from  Ravenna,  0. 

The  subject  of  our  sketch  was  a  man  of  great  personal  mag- 
netism and  physical  power  and  the  writer  has  seen  him  (in  those 
far  away  days)  make  fees  amounting  to  one  hundred  dollars  in 
one  day  operating  at  the  chair. 

He  was  one  of  several  Amblers  and  immediate  relatives  who 
have  practiced  dentistry. 

D.  C.  Ambler,  M.  D.,  practiced  in  N.  Y.  City  for  more 
than  thirty  years,  beginning  about  1830. 

J.  G.  Ambler,  M.  D.,  succeeded  the  above  and  practiced 
more  than  thirty-five  years,  and  he  in  turn  was  succeeded  by 
John  G.  Ambler  who  is  still  in  practice. 

H.  L.  Ambler  came  to  Cleveland  1864  and  began  the  study 
of  dentistry. 

The  noted  porcelain  and  continuous-gum  manipulator, 
Ambler  Tees,  practiced  for  many  years  in  Philadelphia,  and  he 

72 


History  (jf  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  73 

has  been  succeeded  by  Ambler  Tees,  Jr.,  who  is  still  in  practice. 
S.  A.  Tees  is  also  practicing  in  the  same  city. 

Oscar  J.  Allen  (cousin  of  X.  II.  Ambler),  was  assistant  sur- 
geon in  the  navy  and  afterwards  studied  dentistry  and  has 
been  practicing  in  N.  Y.  City  for  thirty-five  years. 

Archibald  Egiin  (distant  relative)  is  now  practicing  in 
Philadelphia,  where  he  is  associated  with  F.  A.  Peso,  of  crown 
and  bridge  fame. 

William  H.  Atkinson  was  born  in  Newton,  Pa.,  Jan.  23, 
1815;  studied  medicine  in  1840;  graduated  as  M.  D.,  1847,  from 
Willoughby  University  (in  Ohio)  where  he  became  interested 
in  dentistry,  a  profession  which  he  studied.  For  a  time  he  was 
located  in  Norwalk,  0.,  where  he  became  interested  in  dentistry; 
moved  to  Cleveland  in  1853  and  associated  himself  with  F.  8. 
Slosson,  a  dentist;  soon  after  he  opened  an  office  for  himself, 
and  C.  R.  Butler  became  his  first  student,  and  subsequently  his 
partner.  He  was  a  student  of  the  natural  sciences  and  micro- 
scopy; his  researches  in  the  field  of  dental  therapeutics,  path- 
ology and  histology  soon  gave  him  prominence  in  the  dental 
profession;  he  was  an  "all  around"  dentist,  and  probably  the 
first  one  here  to  place  his  services  on  a  time  basis  and  claim  a 
high  standard  of  fees.  While  here  he  made  a  success  of  filling 
root-canals  with  tin  foil.  He  received  the  honorary  D.  D.  S. 
from  the  Ohio  College  Dental  Surgery,  Cincinnati,  1859. 

Atkinson  and  Butler  were  among  the  first  here  to  use  vul- 
canite. 

He  was  among  the  early  dental  clinicians,  and  at  the  In- 
diana State  Society  1859,  he  and  P.  G.  C.  Hunt  had  charge  of 
the  clinics. 

He  was  the  second  President  of  the  American  Dental  Asso- 
ciation (now  the  National)   1860. 

In  1861  he  moved  to  N.  Y.  City  where  he  made  a  great 
success;  his  home  was  the  rallying  point  for  the  profession  from 
all  over  the  world;  he  opened  the  door  of  his  operatory  and 
laboratory,  and  all  were  welcome  to  his  demonstrations;  his  in- 
come was  large,  and  his  fees  from  the  wealthy  (for  those  days"^ 
were  fabulous,  but  he  did  much  for  charity  and  hospitality,  and 
spent  largely  of  his  time  going  about  the  country  to  attend  den- 
tal societies. 


74  History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

He  assisted  in  organizing  the  N.  Y.  College  of  Dentistry, 
and  through  his  influence  the  N.  Y.  School  of  Microscopy  un- 
der the  management  of  C.  Heintzman  was  organized.  He  was 
"the  grand  old  man,"  for  all  he  was  eccentric,  aggressive,  pro- 
gressive, magnetic,  and  he  said  that  his  brilliant  ideas  and 
flights  of  oratory  were  inspired  by  the  angels,  for  he  was  a  spir- 
itualist and  a  follower  of  Swedenborg. 

In  S.  S.  "White's  catalog  1867  appears  the  following:  Dr. 
Wm.  H.  Atkinson's  Points.  The  set  heretofore  offered  to  the 
profession  contained  twenty-four  points,  but  Dr.  Atkinson  has 
aded  thirty-six  new  forms,  including  a  full  set  of  burnishers. 
The  serrations  are  well  defined  and  Points  nicely  finished.  Price 
$20.00.  He  wrote  a  poem  dedicated  to  "My  Mallet."  These 
instruments  are  designed  to  be  used  with  the  hand  mallet,  and 
are  adapted  for  that  purpose,  and  approved  by  the  inventor. 

The  set  of  twenty-four  referred  to  above,  was  manufactured 
about  1865,  and  his  set  of  smooth  pointed  pluggers  about  1870. 
The  latter  set  was  peculiar,  from  the  fact  that  there  was  a  large 
amount  of  steel  left  in  the  neck  of  the  plugger ;  this  bulging 
neck  (shank)  he  said  would  prevent  vibration  when  the  end 
of  the  shaft  was  struck  with  the  mallet.  Cohesive  gold  foil 
was  manufactured  and  sold  by  S.  S.  White  under  the  name: 
"Wm.  H.  Atkinson's  Gold  Foil. 

In  "Items  of  Interest,"  Nov.,  1891,  is  a  poem  by  W.  G.  A. 
Bonwill,  dedicated  to  W.  H.  Atkinson  on  his  seventy-sixth 
birthday  Jan.  23,  1891,  at  1 :06  A.  M.  He  passed  to  his  spirit 
friends  from  N.  Y.  City  April  2,  1891,  and  was  interred  in 
Woodland  cemetery  by  his  professional  brethren. 

J.  T.  Barclay  was  born  in  Beaver,  Pa.,  Nov.  8,  1837,  at- 
tended the  public  school  and  worked  on  his  father's  farm,  then 
studied  dentistry  with  his  brother,  G.  J.  Barclay,  and  was  li- 
censed 1871  and  practiced  several  years  in  Columbiana,  0., 
where  he  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  local  Presbyterian 
Church,  and  a  charter  member  of  I.  0.  0.  F. ;  while  residing 
here  W.  H.  Atkinson,  a  former  preceptor,  visited  him,  and 
among  other  things  had  great  sport  shooting  duck  on  the  wing. 

He  came  to  Cleveland  about  1881,  where  he  practiced  un- 
til his  decease  Feb.  16,  1911.  His  remains  were  interred  beside 
those  of  his  wife,  Hannah  Hisey  Barclay  in  Columbiana,  0.    He 


IIiSTOKY  OF  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  75 

is  survived  by  three  daughters,  Mrs.  L.  A.  Saelcett,  ]\Iisses  Ella 
and  Ada,  and  a  granddaughter  Miss  M.  II.  Sackett. 

Nelson  M.  Beckw^th  was  born  in  iVshland,  0.,  about  1841 ; 
in  1860  went  to  Ilillsxlale  College,  Hillsdale,  Mich.,  where  he 
remained  a  few  years,  then  he  came  to  Cleveland  and  entered 
the  office  of  N.  H.  Ambler  as  a  dental  student  and  about  1869 
he  went  to  N.  Y.  City  where  he  assisted  Dr.  Waite,  but  later 
opened  an  office  for  himself  and  continued  to  practice  until 
his  decease  several  years  later.  He  was  of  a  most  genial  and 
happy  disposition  and  made  many  friends  wherever  he  went. 

A.  D.  Bigelow  came  here  in  1848  and  remained  five  years 
and  had  an  office  over  the  Merchants'  Bank,  corner  of  Superior 
and  Bank  Sts.  He  was  a  prominent  Mason,  and  a  lodge  which 
was  named  for  him  on  the  west  side  of  the  Cuyahoga  river,  is 
still  in  existence. 

In  the  Masonic  Temple,  corner  of  Superior  and  Bond  Sts., 
there  is  a  large  portrait  of  him  wearing  a  Master  Mason's  collar. 
The  lodge  referred  to  is  No.  243,  and  Jere  E.  Robinson  was 
Tyler  for  a  time. 

Archie  Boales  was  born  June  12,  1870,  in  Hopkinsville, 
Ky.,  where  he  attended  public  school  and  graduated  in  1886, 
then  entered  the  Dental  Department  of  Vanderbilt  University, 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  and  graduated  in  1890.  Practiced  in  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.,  until  1891,  when  he  went  to  Sheboygan  and  re- 
mained until  1896 ;  returned  to  Hopkinsville  for  one  year,  then 
came  to  Cleveland  where  he  practiced  until  his  decease  Aug.  9, 
1905 ;  his  remains  were  interred  in  Hopkinsville. 

Frank  C.  Briggs  was  born  in  Cranston,  R.  I.,  1824,  and 
came  to  Cleveland  in  1854,  he  never  was  an  operator,  but  from 
above  date  until  1900  he  did  "mechanical  dentistry"  for  a 
great  many  different  dentists  in  this  city. 

So  far  as  we  are  aware,  he  was  the  first  one  here  to  limit 
his  practice  to  prosthesis. 

His  name  appeared  in  the  city  directory  as  Mechanical 
Dentist.     He  died  here  March  25,  1910. 

Charles  Bufpett  was  born  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y.,  in  1824, 
and  was  a  farmer;  came  here  in  1851,  and  embarked  in  the 
grocery  business  and  after  retiring  from  that  he  taught  for  sev- 


76  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

eral  years  in  the  Cleveland  Institute,  a  private  school  on  the 
"South  Side"  which  was  then  called  "The  Heights."  He  be- 
gan to  study  dentistry  in  1863  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Pennsylvania  College  of  Dental  Surgery  in  1866  and  practiced 
here  until  1904  when  he  retired.  He  died  May  13,  1910,  and 
was  buried  in  Riverside  cemetery.  He  was  a  lover  of  the 
microscope  and  did  considerable  work  in  that  line,  extending 
over  many  subjects. 

He  was  an  expert  taxidermist,  having  prepared  one  thou- 
sand birds,  many  of  which  he  shot  down  on  the  flats  and  along 
the  Cuyahoga  river.  After  office  hours  the  birds  were  artistic- 
ally mounted,  and  he  had  a  large  glass  case  containing  hundreds 
of  specimens  which  exemplify  his  skill.  He  was  a  very  suave, 
pleasant  gentleman  and  well  liked  by  his  professional  brothers. 

One  of  the  charter  members  of  Pilgrim  Congregational 
Church,  (1859),  and  later  was  made  a  deacon  for  life,  notwith- 
standing the  rule  to  elect  deacons  every  five  years. 

Lewis  Btjffett  was  born  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y.,  May  21, 
1837.  Early  life  was  spent  on  a  farm;  studied  dentistry  with 
a  New  York  dentist  and  was  graduated  from  the  Pennsylvania 
college  of  Dental  Surgery,  and  came  to  Cleveland  in  1859,  and 
was  graduated  from — ^what  now  is — the  Medical  Department  of 
Western  Reserve  University,  1865;  he  practiced  dentistry  here 
until  1889,  when  he  went  to  Easton,  Md.,  where  he  practiced 
until  about  the  time  of  his  demise  Jan.  27,  1901 ;  his  remains 
were  brought  here  and  interred  in  Lake  View  Cemetery. 

He  lectured  to  the  medical  classes  of  his  Alma  Mater  and 
held  the  following  titles : 

1874-5.     Lecturer  on  Oral  Pathology. 

1875-6.     Professor  Oral  Surgery  and  Dental  Pathology. 

1876-7.     Professor  Oral  Pathology. 

1877-8.     Professor  Oral  Surgery  and  Dental  Pathology. 

1878-9.     Professor  Oral  Surgery  and  Dental  Pathology. 

1879-80.  Professor  Oral  Surgery  and  Dental  Pathology. 

1880-1.     Professor  Oral  Surgery  and  Dental  Pathology. 

H.  P.  BuRDiCK,  E.  M.,  (Master  of  Education),  M.  D.,  was 
born  in  Alfred,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  12,  1819.  Early  life  was  spent  on 
a  farm;  graduated  from  Alfred  University  1845;  Oct.  2,  1846, 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  77 

went  to  Dansville,  twenty-three  miles  away  and  had  six  teeth 
filled  by  Farley  and  Bristol,  with  whom  he  soon  afterward  began 
the  study  of  dentistry. 

Nov.  2,  1852,  he  came  to  Cleveland  and  attended  the  medical 
college,  corner  St.  Clair  and  Erie,  (now  Medical  Department 
Western  Reserve  University),  and  Mar.  22,  1853,  received  the 
M.  D.  In  1857  he  practiced  in  Hornell,  five  miles  from  Alfred, 
one  day  per  week  and  he  was  the  only  dentist  in  that  vicinity. 

From  1851  to  1871  he  practiced  in  Cleveland,  0.,  Alfred, 
N.  Y.,  R.  I.,  Pa.,  and  Wis.  For  several  years  he  kept  a  sani- 
tarium at  Hartsville,  and  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  He  was  a  seventh  day 
Baptist,  and  for  fifteen  years  kept  a  brief  diary  in  one  small 
book,  but  it  contains  nothing  about  dentistry. 

He  was  called  "The  Old  War  Horse  of  the  Temperance 
Cause,"  as  he  traveled  around  the  country  lecturing  on  tem- 
perance; this  was  his  great  object  in  life,  with  dentistry  and 
medicine  as  auxilliary  matters. 

He  died  March  4,  1904. 

S.  B.  Burnham's  alma  mater  was  Union  College,  Schenec- 
tady, N.  Y.,  where  he  probably  received  an  M.  D.,  he  practiced 
dentistry  in  Cleveland  1859,  then  went  to  Madison,  Wis.,  and 
finally  returned  to  Cleveland  1867,  where  he  practiced  until 
about  1880,  when  he  retired.  He  was  an  invalid  for  the  last 
few  years  of  his  life,  but  died  suddenly  in  Chicago,  May,  1905, 
aged  about  eighty-five,  and  the  remains  w^ere  buried  in  Forest 
Hill  Cemetery,  Madison,  Wis. 

M.  J.  Dickerson  was  present  when  the  Northern  Ohio 
Dental  Association  was  organized  1857,  and  was  associated  with 
N.  H.  Ambler  for  a  time ;  later  he  opened  an  office  at  253  Su- 
perior St.,  where  he  practiced  several  years. 

Wm.  E.  Dunn  was  born  in  Lyons,  N.  Y.,  May  18,  1823,  and 
died  in  N.  Y.,  Dec.  30,  1894,  and  was  buried  in  Woodlawn  Cem- 
etery. In  early  life  he  was  a  farmer  and  later  a  mill  owner 
and  operator. 

About  1853  he  studied  dentistry  with  Morgan  and  Burrill 
in  Cleveland.  He  practiced  in  Delaware,  0.,  1856,  Dayton,  0., 
1869,  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  1876,  N.  Y.  City,  1879. 


78  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

During  the  civil  war  he  assisted  in  recruiting  an  Ohio  regi- 
ment of  which  he  was  made  commander.  In  1867  he  patented 
a  mode  of  manufacturing  full  dentures  of  porcelain  about  which 
he  says:  "What  I  claim  as  new,  is — A  denture  constructed  by 
the  application  of  biscuited  or  ungiazed  teeth  to  the  plastic 
bod}^  or  base  while  in  the  mold." 

After  a  few  years  he  manufactured  and  used  enameled  in- 
stead of  biscuited  teeth. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Ohio  State  Dental  Society  1867  a  com- 
mittee composed  of  J.  Taft,  B.  T.  Spelman,  A.  A.  Blount,  after 
a  thorough  investigation  of  W.  E.  Dunn's  method,  gave  it  their 
unqualified  endorsement,  adding:  "Indeed  we  think  it  will 
supersede  other  styles  of  work." 

Theodore  W.  Ensign  was  born  in  East  Claridon,  0.,  Juno 
6,  1847,  and  attended  public  school  and  lived  on  a  farm  until 
he  was  twenty  years  old,  when  he  went  to  Burton,  0.,  and 
studied  dentistry  with  C.  M.  Richmond  (1867),  later  he  and  E. 
Jacques  bought  out  Richmond,  and  about  one  year  later  he  sold 
out  to  Jacciues  and  went  to  Vernon,  Mich.,  where  he  practiced 
for  two  years,  when  he  sold  out  and  went  to  Jefferson,  0., 
where  he  remained  three  years,  and  then  he  came  to  Cleveland 
(1873),  and  practiced  for  fifteen  years,  when  on  account  of 
poor  health  he  went  to  Los  Angeles,  Califor.,  where  he  prac- 
ticed more  than  three  years,  when  sickness  obliged  him  to  retire 
and  he  returned  to  Cleveland,  where  he  died  in  1891,  and  was 
buried  at  Claridon,  0. 

He  was  a  good  "all  around"  dentist,  and  the  writer  has 
seen  gold  fillings  which  he  inserted,  that  have  been  in  use  over 
forty  years. 

He  was  an  expert  manipulator  of  "Celluloid"  as  a  base  for 
artificial  dentures. 

Those  who  knew  him,  considered  him  a  pleasant  gentleman 
and  good  friend. 

J.  H.  Farnsworth  was  born  in  N.  Y.  City,  Feb.  19,  1818, 
died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  March  28,  1895.  He  came  to  Cleveland 
1833  and  was  here  Feb.,  1836,  during  this  time  he  studied  and 
practiced  dentistry,  then  he  went  to  Detroit  where  he  acquired 
a  large  practice  and  was  known  as  an  ethical,  generous,  first- 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  79 

class  dentist.  He  was  a  great  amateur  oarsman  and  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Detroit  Boat  Club,  1836;  member  St.  Paul's 
Episcopal  Church. 

His  picture  (with  D.  B.,  1837,  attached)  appears  in  a 
group  of  126  Michigan  dentists  published  by  F.  D.  Souchet, 
who  also  published  (1903)  a  group  of  125  Cleveland  dentists. 

John  Greenfield  was  born  July  7,  1839,  at  Beaconsfield, 
Buckinghamshire,  England,  and  came  here  in  1860.  went  to 
Ravenna,  0.,  1861  and  studied  dentistry  with  B.  T.  Spelman  for 
three  years,  when  he  returned  here  and  went  into  C.  R.  Butler's 
office  for  four  years,  then  he  practiced  with  A.  B.  Haliwell 
until  1870,  when  he  went  to  London,  England,  where  he  operated 
for  Dr.  Sercomb  for  three  years,  then  he  began  practice  by  him- 
self at  No.  11  Brook  St.,  and  continued  there  until  his  health 
failed,  when  he  retired. 

His  death  was  caused  by  paralysis  April,  1905. 

S.  P.  Huntington  studied  here  with  B.  Strickland,  and  he 
also  studied  medicine  three  years  before  commencing  to  practice 
dentistry  in  1847  at  Ashtabula  and  Painesville,  0.;  he  moved 
to  Eureka,  Kansas,  in  1869. 

He  was  present  when  the  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association 
was  organized  in  1857. 

G.  H.  Hurd  took  out  patents  on  inhalers  and  gas  apparatus 
at  different  times,  we  believe  one  of  them  is  No.  743,409,  dated 
Nov.  3,  1893,  but  an  improvement  has  been  made  and  it  is 
known  as  the  Clark-Hurd  gas  apparatus.  In  the  old  one  a 
small  rubber  tube  was  used  to  the  end  of  which  was  connected 
a  rubber  bag  and  the  face  piece  was  fastened  into  this  bag. 

The  term  "Vitalized  Air"  was  used  as  an  advertising  dodge 
by  G.  H.  and  C.  S.  Hurd,  but  never  by  H.  R.  Hurd. 

He  was  born  in  Southington,  0.,  Mar.  18,  1829,  died  in 
Cleveland  June  7,  1904. 

He  helped  survey  for  the  Lake  Shore  R.  R.  and  when  in 
Denver,  Col.,  was  appointed  by  the  government  to  care  for  the 
soldiers'  teeth. 

HuTSON  R.  Hurd  graduated  in  medicine  at  Cincinnati,  0., 
1846  or  7;  practiced  dentistry  in   Crawfordsville  and  Attica, 


80  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Ind.,  also  Danville,  111.,  about  this  time  he  used  electricity  for 
the  painless  extraction  of  teeth — the  patient  holding  one  pole 
of  a  battery,  while  the  other  was  attached  to  the  forcep. 

He  opened  an  office  here  Sept.  1,  1868,  corner  of  Public 
Square  and  Ontario  St.,  where  the  Park  building  now  stands, 
where  he  made  a  specialty  of  administering  nitrous  oxid  when 
extracting  teeth;  in  this  -kind  of  practice  he  had  received  in- 
structions from  Dr.  Colton  of  N.  Y.  City,  who  was  considered 
an  expert.  They  used  crude  inhalers  up  to  1872,  when  he  (H. 
R.  H.)  made  an  improved  rubber  face-hood  with  proper  cut-offs; 
his  gasometer  was  made  from  a  barrel,  with  zinc  inner  tank  to 
hold  the  gas  which  he  continued  to  manufacture  until  such  time 
as  it  was  sold  in  cylinders.  In  1884  he  received  a  patent  for  a 
nitrous  oxid  inhaler,  and  later  one  for  a  chloroform  and  ether 
inhaler.     He  died  Sept.  6,  1905,  aged  eighty-five. 

LuMAN  C.  Ingersoll  was  a  native  of  Ohio  and  one  of  four 
brothers  all  dentists,  and  in  1857  he  was  practicing  here  at  32 
Detroit  St.  and  about  1881  he  went  to  Keokuk,  la.,  where  he 
died  Nov.,  1897. 

He  studied  at  Oberlin  College,  Ohio,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  theological  department. 

He  studied  dentistry  with  N.  H.  Ambler  of  Cleveland. 

Here  follows  the  title  page,  etc.,  of  his  book :  Dental  Sci- 
ence Questions  and  Answers  on  Dental  Materia  Medica,  Physi- 
ology, Pathology  and  Therapeutics,  by  Luman  C.  Ingersoll, 
A.  M.,  D.  D.  S.,  Dean  of  the  Dental  Department  of  the  State 
University  of  Iowa,  H.  H.  Ogden  and  Son,  Keokuk,  Iowa,  1886. 

DEDICATION. 

To  my  coadjutors  who  have  given  to  me  such  generous  and 
ample  support  in  all  my  work,  this  volume  is  respectfully  in- 
scribed. 

PREFACE. 

The  three  chapters  of  this  book  are  a  compendium  of  the 
lectures  delivered  by  the  author  in  the  Dental  Department  of 
the  State  University.  As  the  lectures  were  not  intended  to  cover 
all  our  Dental  Literature,  the  compendium  of  necessity  must 


PIiSTORY  OP'  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  81 

come  far  short  of  it.  The  purpose  has  been  simply  to  bring  con- 
spicuously into  notice  the  fundamental  facts  and  principles 
which  underlie  the  practice  of  dentistry.  Having  that  in  view, 
the  lectures  were  prepared  from  the  standpoint  of  an  office 
practice.  In  the  lectures  I  cracked  many  nuts;  in  the  compen- 
dium I  have  thrown  away  the  shells  and  saved  the  meats.  T 
have  adopted  the  catechetical  style  as  the  most  direct  mode  of 
fixing  the  attention  upon  the  facts  and  principles  to  be  learned, 
and  the  most  concise  mode  of  formulating  instruction.  This 
book  contains  136  pages  interspersed  with  blank  leaves  for  tak- 
ing notes  of  reading,  or  information  derived  from  other  sources, 
on  the  same  subjects  as  are  made  points  of  inquiry  on  the  page 
opposite.  Luman  C.  Ingersoll,  Keokuk,  Iowa, 

July,  1886. 

W.  B.  Ingersoll,  brother  of  T.  D.,  L.  C,  C.  F.,  all  den- 
tists, was  a  student  of  N.  H.  Ambler's;  later  he  opened  an  office 
in  Marble  Block  on  Superior  St.  and  practiced  here  in  1859-60-1. 

David  R.  Jennings  was  born  in  Ravenna,  0.,  1830;  lived 
on  a  farm,  studied  dentistry  with  J.  G.  Willis  in  Ravenna,  where 
he  practiced  twelve  years,  then  came  to  Cleveland,  Sept.  10, 
1871,  where  he  practiced  until  his  demise  Oct.  27,  1897,  and  his 
remains  were  interred"  at  Ravenna.  D.  D.  S.  (Hon.)  Ohio  Col- 
lege Dental  Surgery,  1867,  M.  D.  (Hon.)  Medical  Department 
Wooster  University,  1886. 

He  made  full  dentures  of  porcelain  and  was  considered  a 
good  "all  around"  dentist,  but  his  special  liking  was  to  make 
gold  fillings,  at  which  he  was  an  expert. 

He  occupied  the  chair  of  Special  Operative  Dentistry  in 
the  Dental  Department  of  Western  Reserve  University*  for  a 
few  years. 

The  World's  Columbian  Dental  Congress  was  held  in  Chi- 
cago, Aug.,  1893,  and  a  beautiful  commemorative  bronze  medal 
ordered  as  a  souvenir,  the  design  contained  a  wreath  of  oak  sig- 
nifying strength;  ribbon  bow,  unity;  initials  and  Spanish  em- 
blem, Columbus ;  laurel,  merit ;  bright  star,  Chicago ;  eagle  and 
flags,  America.  Obverse  Chicago,  Aug.,  1893,  The  World's  Co- 
lumbian Dental  Congress.  Reverse  1893  Chicago  1839  Colum- 
bus 1492. 


82  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

He  was  a  member  of  the  "Congress"  and  therefore,  on  a 
certain  basis  with  other  members,  entitled  to  and  did  receive  one 
of  the  above  described  medals. 

J.  Koch  came  from  Germany  to  Cleveland  about  1861  and 
was  a  pupil  of  W.  H.  Atkinson,  C.  R.  Butler  and  N.  H.  Ambler ; 
after  remaining  here  a  few  years  he  went  to  Strassburg,  Ger- 
many. He  always  wanted  a  rule  for  dental  operations,  then  he 
tried  to  make  each  operation  according  to  its  rule. 

Geo.  Langsdorff,  of  Mannheim,  Germany,  was  graduated 
from  Baden-Baden  University  and  came  to  Cleveland  about  1859 
and  was  a  pupil  of  W.  H.  Atkinson  and  C.  R.  Butler  for  some 
time,  but  finally  returned  to  Germany. 

Thos.  McCune,  Meadville,  Pa.,  graduated  from  the  Penn- 
sylvania College  Dental  Surgery,  1857,  and  came  to  Cleveland 
in  that  year. 

A.  P.  Morse  was  born  in  Burlington,  Vt.,  Aug.  31,  1807, 
and  died  in  Cleveland,  Aug.  2,  1878,  and  was  buried  in  River- 
side cemetery.  He  practiced  on  the  west  side  (Ohio  city)  1850- 
54,  then  moved  to  the  east  side  locating  on  the  corner  of  Ontario 
and  Michigan  Sts.,  June,  1854.  He  practiced  here  until  1870, 
when  on  account  of  poor  health  he  retired. 

From  1845  to  47  he  was  engaged  in  the  wholesale  and  re- 
tail grocery  business  in  Racine,  Wis.,  and  Detroit,  Mich.  From 
1847  to  50  he  studied  dentistry  in  some  office  or  at  college. 

Ebenezer  Merritt  was  born  in  Redding,  Conn.,  Jan.  13, 
1795;  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Allen  at  Salem,  Mass.,  and 
graduated  from  Castleton  Medical  College,  Vt.,  about  1820; 
soon  after  he  went  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  studied  dentistry 
with  a  French  dentist,  and  later  entered  upon  an  itinerating 
practice,  finally  locating  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  about  1825,  and  in 
1828  he  manufactured  porcelain  teeth  and  continued  to  do  so 
until  1835.  He  used  a  mallet  for  condensing  the  surface  of 
non-cohesive  gold  foil  fillings  in  1830. 

A  mallet  which  he  made  and  used  in  1833,  has  a  hollow  sil- 
ver head  filled  with  lead;  the  handle  is  ivory  and  it  has  been 
broken,  and  thus  probably  shortened. 


TflSTOliY    OK    DeN'TISTKV    J.N'    Cf J-;VKI,A.VD  83 

The  wlioh^  is  of  fine  \\()rk'ni;iiislii|).  and  it  shows  very  iiiucli 
hard  usage.  The  size  of  the  iiiMllet  now,  viz.:  head  and  handle 
together  three  and  one-half  inelies,  head  one  and  one-half  inches 
long  and  five-eighths  of  ?m   inch  in  diameter. 

lie  had  a  lucrative  practice  initil  1852  when  he  removed  to 
Cleveland  and  engaged  in  the  coal  l)usines,s,  he  died  here  Sept. 
5,  1864. 

VoLNEY  McAi.PiN  was  l)orn  in  Crowland,  Ontario,  Canada, 
May  27,  1880,  and  in  1861  studied  dentistry  with  Ceo.  A.  Brown, 
Drummondville,  Ontario.  After  five  years  he  located  in  the 
''Oil  Country."  i*a.,  his  first  office  was  in  Petroleum  Center.  In 
1883  he  came  to  Cleveland  where  he  practiced  until  1891  when 
he  removed  to  Butler,  Pa.,  where  he  practiced  until  1899,  re- 
tiring on  account  of  failing  health. 

He  died  Sept.  1,  1900,  and  was  buried  in  the  "Friends 
Burying-  Ground,"  Pelham,  Ontario,  Canada. 

HiAL  H.  Newton  was  born  in  Reading,  Vt.,  Oct.  31,  1825, 
and  was  a  farmer,  but  practiced  dentistry  for  several  years  be- 
fore he  came  to  Cleveland,  about  1864,  where  he  practiced  until 
1889,  when  he  went  to  Florida  where  he  died  in  1891. 

R.  A.  Dinsmore  of  this  city  was  a  student  of  his. 

Benj.  Franklin  Robinson  was  born  in  Concord,  Mass., 
Mar.  26,  1809,  died  in  Cleveland,  April  9,  1884,  buried  in  Lake 
View  cemetery.  In  early  life  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  carriage 
trimmer  and  harness-maker  in  Athol,  Mass.,  from  where  he  went 
to  Elyria,  0.,  and  carried  on  his  former  business  which  was 
distasteful  to  him,  so  at  the  request  of  his  brother,  J.  A.  Robin- 
son, he  with  his  wife  and  child  went  to  Salem,  Mass.,  where  he 
spent  a  year  studying  in  his  brother's  office,  then  he  came  to 
Cleveland  about  1849.  This  is  date  of  first  "ad"  I  found  in 
newspaper. 

While  in  Elyria  and  other  places  he  taught  singing  school, 
sang  in  church  choirs,  played  the  "Cornet"  and  other  brass 
instruments  and  manufactured  artificial  teeth.  About  thirty- 
four  years  old  before  he  began  to  study  dentistry. 

Jeremiah  A.  Robinson  was  born  in  Concord,  Mass.,  May 
31,  1812,  and  died  in  Orand  Rfipids,  Mich.,  Mar.  3,  1897.     He 


84  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

was  a  descendant  of  Dr.  John  Robinson,  of  Leyden,  Holland; 
his  grandfather  was  a  lieutenant-colonel  in  the  Revolutionary 
war,  and  his  father  was  a  prominent  citizen  of  Concord,  Mass., 
where  Jeremiah  received  his  early  education  at  the  Academy; 
he  was  apprenticed  to  a  watch-maker  and  served  for  six  years. 
While  in  Concord  his  attention  was  first  called  to  dentistry,  by 
a  traveling  dentist  who  learned  that  he  was  skilled  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  steel  instruments.  In  1831  he  went  to  Lowell  where 
he  worked  as  journeyman  for  a  short  time,  here  he  met  Dr. 
Mansfield  a  physician  who  was  practicing  dentistry  and  manu- 
facturing his  own  artificial  teeth  of  porcelain;  after  staying  a 
year  with  him,  he  went  to  Boston,  where  Dr.  Harwood  taught 
him  to  fill  teeth.  In  1837  he  practiced  in  Concord  and  Waltham, 
and  from  1838-53  in  Salem,  then  he  came  to  Cleveland,  0.,  and 
was  associated  with  his  brother  B.  F.  Robinson  and  N.  H.  Am- 
bler,; later  he  had  only  his  brother  for  a  partner.  In  1858  he 
went  to  Jackson,  Mich.,  where  he  practiced  until  about  the  time 
of  his  decease;  he  used  to  say  that  if  he  never  did  anything 
more  for  dentistry  than  to  help  bring  forth  the  Northern  Ohio 
Dental  Association,  he  should  die  and  think  his  life  had  not  been 
spent  in  vain.  During  the  prime  of  his  life  he  was  in  advance 
of  the  profession  in  many  things  and  abreast  in  all;  after  he 
was  eighty  years  old  he  made  bridge-work  and  fillings  that 
would  be  a  credit  to  any  man ;  he  was  active  in  society  work  and 
twice  president  of  the  State  Dental  Society,  and  was  active  in 
securing  legislative  enactments  for  the  establishment  of  the  den- 
tal department  of  the  University  of  Mich.,  which  at  a  later 
period  conferred  upon  him  the  honorary  title,  D.  D.  S.  About 
1877  he  invented  a  machine  for  the  manufacture  of  ' '  Robinson 's 
Fibrous  and  Textile  Metallic  Filling,"  (Pat.  May  2,  1878)  and 
also  used  for  lining  his  (vulcanite)  Improved  Patent  Dental 
Plate,  this  is  a  shreded  metallic  alloy,  mostly  tin ;  it  was  on  sale 
for  several  years,  but  has  been  superseded  by  Ambler's  Cohesive 
Tin  Foil. 

Three  of  his  sons,  J.  E.,  A,  and  W.  F.  were  dentists,  and 
his  eldest  daughter  Martha  used  to  assist  him  in  carving  and 
molding  teeth,  and  his  granddaughter,  Mrs.  Martha  R.  Ewald, 
who  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Mich.,  is  now  prac- 
ticing dentistry  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  85 

He  was  an  ardent  prohibitionist  and  anti-slavery  man  and 
for  many  years  was  engaged  in  Mission  Sunday  School  work; 
always  a  zealous  supporter  of  the  government  during  the  civil 
war,  and  gave  one  of  his  sons  to  the  service  of  his  country's 
cause;  he  wrote  for  the  press  on  questions  of  reform  and  gen- 
eral public  interest,  and  his  various  poems  attracted  attention. 

The  last  paper  he  read  was  before  the  Michigan  State  So- 
ciety and  it  was  published  in  the  Ann  Arbor  Dental  Journal  in 
1896 ;  it  is  full  of  interesting  professional  experiences  and  other- 
wise. About  a  week  before  his  death  he  was  attacked  with  a 
severe  influenza  which  was  the  immediate  cause  of  his  death, 
and  thus  passed  away  "Uncle  Jerry,"  after  serving  his  profes- 
sion and  patients  for  more  than  sixty  years. 

Jere  E.  Robinson  (son  of  J.  A.  Robinson)  was  born  in 
Lowell,  Mass.,  Dec.  26,  1832,  and  studied  dentistry  with  his 
father,  coming  to  Cleveland  at  the  same  time  (1853),  where  he 
practiced  until  he  retired  in  1900,  from  this  time  until  his  de- 
cease he  lived  with  his  daughter  Martha  R.  Ewald  who  prac- 
ticed dentistry  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  where  he  died  July  13,  1907, 
and  his  remains  were  brought  here  and  interred  in  Lake  View 
cemetery. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Cleveland  City  Dental  Society  (of 
which  he  was  a  charter  memebr  1886),  resolutions  of  kind  regard 
for  him,  and  sympathy  for  his  family  were  adopted. 

He  received  the  honorary  M.  D.  from  the  Cleveland  Uni- 
versity of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  where  he  was  Professor  of 
Operative  Dentistry  in  the  Dental  Department,  1891-6.  When 
a  boy  in  his  father's  office,  he  became  expert  in  carving  teeth. 
After  1853,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  years  spent  with  B.  T. 
Spelman  of  Ravenna,  0.,  all  his  professional  work  was  done  in 
Cleveland. 

In  1873  he  made  and  used  gold  or  silver  springs  and  bands 
for  correcting  irregularities  of  the  teeth.  For  a  long  time, 
Tyler  of  Bigelow  Masonic  lodge.  In  1876  a  call  was  issued  by 
"Many  Republicans"  requesting  him  to  accept  the  nomination 
for  Police  Comimssioner,  but  he  declined  with  thanks. 

W.  F.  Robinson,  son  of  J.  A.  Robinson,  was  born  in  Lowell, 
Mass.,  1836,  came  to  Cleveland  with  the  family  1853,  studied 


86  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

and  practiced  with  his  father,  then  went  to  Youngstown,  0.,  for 
a  short  time,  and  from  there  to  New  Orleans,  and  when  the  civil 
war  broke  out  he  enlisted  in  the  4th  Michigan  Infantry  and 
was  chosen  Lieutenant,  but  men  in  the  ranks  were  few,  so  he 
gave  up  his  grade  as  officer  and  joined  the  ranks.  He  was  se- 
verely wounded  at  Gettyburg,  but  finally  became  captain ;  he 
joined  the  invalid  corps  for  a  time,  but  later  joined  his  com- 
pany, fighting  with  them  until  the  end  of  the  war:  he  preferred 
to  be  called  captain  instead  of  doctor ;  later  he  Avas  killed  in 
Tucson,  Arizona,  by  the  Indians. 

Ira  Emmit  Sampsell  was  born  in  Columbiana,  0.,  Nov.  13, 
1857,  and  graduated  from  the  Dental  Department  of  Michigan 
University,  1880,  where  he  was  offered  a  professorship,  but  de- 
clined and  went  to  Salem.  0.,  where  he  entered  into  partnership 
with  his  brother  Homer  in  the  practice  of  dentistry.  He  came 
to  Cleveland  in  1885,  where  he  practiced  until  1892,  when  he 
died  suddenly  of  heart  disease.  Graduated  from  the  Homoeo- 
pathic Hospital  College,  Cleveland,  (M.  D.  Hon.)  where  he  was 
a  professor  in  the  Dental  Department. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  faculties  resolutions  of  deep  regret  and 
the  highest  praise  for  Professor  Sampsell,  and  heartfelt  sym- 
pathy for  his  bereaved  family,  were  adopted  and  presented  to 
]\Irs.  Sampsell  on  silk,  bound  in  leather. 

At  the  time  he  joined,  he  was  probably  the  youngest  mem- 
ber of  the  Cleveland  Dental  Society,  before  which  he  read  a 
paper  (one  week  before  his  decease)  which  was  published  in  a 
Philadelphia  Dental  Journal. 

He  was  a  sympathetic,  careful  operator,  keeping  a  nervous 
patient  under  the  influence  of  chloroform  for  two  hours  while 
inserting  a  gold  filling.  He  made  a  study  of  anesthetics  and 
frequently  administered  them  for  other  surgeons. 

Everyone  liked  him;  he  was  not  known  to  have  an  enemy. 

Franklin  S.  Slosson  was  born  in  Conn.,  1803,  went  to 
Binghampton,  N.  Y.,  for  some  time,  and  came  to  Cleveland  in 
1846 ;  was  a  singing-master  in  all  of  above  places  and  a  deacon 
in  the  "Old  Stone  Church"  here,  and  led  the  choir  for  several 
years  when  Dr.  Aiken  was  pastor. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  87 

He  was  graduated  here  at  (what  now  is)  the  Medical  De- 
partment Western  Reserve  University,  and  studied  dentistry 
here  with  M.  L.  Wright,  and  later  opened  an  office  in  Rouse 
Block.  Before  1859  he  filled  many  cavities  and  root-canals  with 
tin  foil.  He  practiced  here  until  1880  and  died  1887,  from 
paralysis,  and  his  remains  were  interred  in  Erie  (now  9th  St.) 
cemetery. 

Benj.  Strickland  was  born  in  Vt.,  1810,  and  when  about 
twenty-five  years  of  age  came  west  to  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  where  he 
took  a  boat  to  Wellsville,  then  by  the  "Pioneer  Fast  Stage 
Line,"  through  in  thirty  hours,  to  Cleveland;  this  was  a  daily 
line  which  left  the  American  House  (now  standing)  on  Super- 
ior St.,  in  1835,  he  remained  here  until  he  retired  in  1876. 
President  of  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association  eight  years  in 
succession.  He  received  the  honorary  D.  D.  S.  from  Baltimore 
College  Dental  Surgery  1843. 

STRICKLAND'S  GOLD  SOLDER. 

One  part  of  alloy  (composed  of  equal  parts  of  silver,  cop- 
per, zinc)  added  to  four  parts  of  coin  gold. 

In  the  "Annals  of  Early  Settlers,"  G.  F.  Marshall  says: 
"I  would  like  to  get  in  a  word  or  two  respecting  those  faithful 
members  who  passed  away  so  nearly  together,  and  who  are 
worthy  of  more  extended  and  better  mention  than  I  am  able  to 
give  them ;  I  refer  to  the  venerable  Dr.  Strickland  and  his  good 
wife;  for  nearly  fifty  years  they  had  been  close  neighbors  of 
mine,  and  in  close  friendship.  In  saying  that  this  couple  were 
peculiar,  every  one  who  knew  them  would  coincide.  Although 
the  two  were  somewhat  dissimilar  in  disposition  and  habit;  he 
was  staid,  retiring,  reticent  and  isolated,  while  she  was  very 
talkative  and  lively." 

B.  Strickland  died  here  and  was  interred  in  Lake  View  cem- 
etery in  1889. 

John  Stephan  was  born  at  Essenheim,  Germany,  in  1848, 
and  came  to  America  with  his  parents  in  the  spring  of  1851. 
He  attended  the  public  schools  in  Cleveland  and  through  his 
acquaintance  with  a  neighbor,  W.  H.  Atkinson,  who  was  a  noted 


88  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

dentist,  became  interested  in  that  profession.     In  the  spring  of 
1864,  he  became  a  student  of  J.  R.  Daniels,  and  later  of  H.  H. 

Newton. 

He  attended  the  Ohio  College  of  Dental  Surgery  at  Cin- 
cinnati, where  he  graduated  in  the  spring  of  1873  and  then 
opened  an  office  in  Cleveland  shortly  after.  He  was  President 
of  the  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association  in  1889.  He  died 
June  25th,  1890,  and  was  interred  in  Lake  View  cemetery. 

Was  a  member  of  Ohio  State  Dental  Society,  American 
Dental  Association.  Probably  he  wore  the  first  piece  of  bridge- 
work  made  here,  and  he  foretold  the  coming  of  the  inlay.  He 
read  and  discussed  many  papers  before  different  dental  societies, 
especially  the  Northern  Ohio. 

Resolution  passed  by  the  Cleveland  Dental  Society: 
"Whereas,  Divine  Providence  has  called  one  of  our  number 
from  us.  Dr.  John  Stephan,  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  we  extend  to  his  grief-stricken  family  our 
deepest  sympathy  in  their  affliction. 

That  we  feel  keenly  our  loss  of  one  always  interested  in  the 
progress  of  dentistry,  and  that  we  recommend  that  as  many  of 
this  society,  as  possible,  attend  the  funeral,  and  that  this  reso- 
lution be  sent  to  the  Ohio  State  Journal  for  publication,  and 
our  Secretary  be  instructed  to  send  a  copy  to  the  family. 

C.  R.  Butler,      | 
Chas.  Buffett,   V    Committee. 
J.  R.  Bell.  | 

Martha  J.  Robinson,  Secretary. 

Porter  Granger  Somers  was  born  in  Newberry,  0.,  Oct.  9, 
1818;  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Warner,  Brunswick,  0.,  and 
practiced  about  thirty  years;  later  he  studied  dentistry  with 
C.  P.  Bailey,  Cuyahoga  Falls,  0.,  where  he  practiced  medicine 
and  dentistry  about  fifteen  years.  He  was  coroner  of  Summit 
county  for  several  years  and  a  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1854-5  and  came  to  Cleveland  1871,  but  only  practiced  medi- 
cine or  dentistry  a  very  little,  as  he  was  engaged  in  other  occu- 
pations. He  died  here  Feb.  28,  1890,  and  was  interred  at  Cuy- 
ahoga Falls,  0. 


History  of  Uentistkv  in  (,'leveland  89 

Edgar  C.  Swain  was  borti  in  Ravenna,  0.,  and  at  the  age 
of  fifteen  entered  the  office  of  D.  R.  Jennings  as  a  student,  he 
remained  with  him  until  he  became  his  partner  and  finally  suc- 
ceeded him  (Jennings)  when  he  moved  to  Cleveland.  For  two 
years  E.  C.  Swain  practiced  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  but  he  re- 
turned to  Ravenna,  and  in  1888  he  came  to  Cleveland  and  was 
associated  with  D.  R.  Jennings  for  two  years,  then  he  began 
practice  by  himself  and  continued  until  his  decease  in  1903. 

The  remains  were  interred  in  Ravenna. 

Frederick  K.  Thorpe  was  born  in  Sandusky,  0.,  1846,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  public  school  and  then  attended  Ober- 
lin  College,  (0.),  for  two  years;  in  1862  he  became  a  dental 
student  of  N.  H.  Ambler  in  Cleveland.  Practiced  dentistry  in 
Seville,  0.,  1864-70  and  then  removed  to  Cleveland  where  he 
practiced  1870-5,  when  ill  health  forced  him  to  retire,  and  he 
died  June,  1876. 

S.  L.  Thorpe,  his  brother,  practiced  dentistry  here  for  two 
years,  then  entered  the  practice  of  medicine,  which  he  still  con- 
tinues. 

Royal  W.  Varney  was  born  at  Independence,  0.,  Oct.  8, 
1839;  enlisted  in  the  thirty-first  regiment  Ohio  Volunteers  In- 
fantry, and  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon,  and  went  "with 
Sherman  to  the  sea ; ' '  graduated  from — what  now  is — IMedical 
Department  Western  Reserve  ITniversity,  1863. 

He  was  a  dental  student  of  C.  R.  Butler,  W.  H.  Atkinson 
and  Corydon  Palmer,  and  after  the  civil  war  he  was  associated 
with  G.  E.  Hawes  in  N.  Y.  City  for  a  few  years,  then  he  pur- 
chased a  home,  in  which  he  had  his  office,  on  W.  38th  St. 

He  received  the  title  M.  D.  S.  in  1871,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  Society  of  Dental  Surgeons  of  N.  Y.  City;  American 
Microscopical  Society;  First  District  Dental  Society,  N.  Y. 

He  was  a  natural  mechanic  and  designed  a  set  of  thirteen 
instruments  for  condensing  cohesive  gold  foil,  whifeh  were  placed 
on  the  market  by  S.  S.  White  and  known  as  Varney 's  pluggers, 
duplicates  of  which  are  still  in  use.  The  pluggers  are  referred 
to  in  the  American  System  of  Dentistry  in  the  chapter  by  Louis 
Jack ;  they  were  originally  for  use  with  the  hand  mallet,  but 
later  the  manufacturer  adapted  them  to  the  electric  mallet  and 


90  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

cone-socket  handle ;  they  varied  in  price  from  sixty  cents  to  one 
dollar  and  seventy-five  cents.  He  was  a  king  among  operators, 
and  built  up  whole  crowns  of  teeth  with  gold  foil. 

He  instituted  bi-monthly  clinics  before  the  First  District 
Dental  Society  of  N.  Y.  and  was  among  the  very  first  to  make 
systematic  use  of  the  rubber  dam. 

The  writer  has  a  letter  from  him  dated  at  21  Bond  St., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  20,  1870,  viz.:  "It  is  my  settled  conviction  that  the 
man  who  does  not  use  rubber  dam  for  keeping  cavities  dry  dur- 
ing the  operation  of  filling,  is  a  long  way  behind  the  lighthouse, 
and  must  soon  mend  his  ways,  or  be  in  fact,  if  not  in  reputa- 
tion, a  fogy." 

In  whatever  he  undertook,  he  always  aimed  for  the  highest 
and  best;  he  used  his  microscope  for  pleasure  and  profit,  and 
he  had  a  case  containing  thousands  of  slides,  many  of  which  he 
mounted;  he  sought  causes  of  phenomena  which  he  observed, 
and  in  the  fullest  sense  was  a  man  of  deeds  and  not  words,  as 
he  seldom  spoke  in  a  dental  society,  and  very  seldom  wrote  a 
paper. 

He  was  a  skillful  violinist,  but  he  never  boasted  about  any 
of  his  accomplishments;  he  was  possessed  of  the  highest  integ- 
rity, and  was  a  royal  and  loyal  friend. 

He  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  April,  1872,  cause,  tuberculosis. 

J.  F.  Wark  graduated  from  Dental  Department  Western 
Reserve  University,  1901,  and  was  demonstrator  of  Prosthesis 
1903-4-5,  died  in  Cleveland,  1906. 

Prof.  Geo.  Watt,  of  Cincinnati,  who  visited  here  in  1854, 
says:  "I  found  Drs.  Strickland,  Slosson,  Atkinson  and  the 
IngersoU's,  whose  offices  were  on  opposite  sides  of  a  spring 
branch,  so  deep  that  it  fairly  split  the  ground,  and  hence  the 
region  was  known  in  early  days  as  the  cleaved  land,  and  when 
civilized  surveyors  came  to  measure  the  land,  they  found  a  cow 
drinking  at,  and  a  little  below  a  hog  wallowing  in  the  creek, 
so  for  convenience  they  called  it,  for  the  present,  cow-and-hog- 
creek.  The  little  rill  grew  (in  name)  to  Cuyahoga  river,  and 
a  hamlet  or  two  grew  to  a  city,  with  one  very  Superior  street, 
laid  out  according  to  Euclid   (avenue)   and  therefore,  geomet- 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  91 

rical  throughout.  The  pioneer  settlers  would  cleave  to  the  orig- 
inal idea  of  the  split  land,  but  consented  to  bad  spelling,  and 
hence  the  name  is  Cleveland." 

The  Partial  Transactions  of  the  Northern  Ohio  Dental  As- 
sociation— 1857-1907 — edited  and  compiled  by  the  writer,  eon- 
tains  an  extensive  biographical  sketch  of  Prof.  Watt. 

M.  L.  Wright  was  in  practice  here  in  1840;  he  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Cleveland  Medical  College  (now  Medical  Depart- 
ment Western  Reserve  University)  in  1847  and  practiced  den- 
tistry here  until  about  1863  when  he  went  to  Ripon,  Wis.,  where 
he  died  in  the  same  year.  He  was  patentee  of  "Porcelain  Plate 
Teeth"  and  probably  the  first  one  here  to  make  full  porcelaiii 
dentures. 

His  formula  for  gold  plate  was  viz. :  add  five  grains  of 
silver  to  the  pennyweight  of  gold  coin ;  for  solder,  to  this  plate 
add  three  grains  of  sheet  brass  to  the  pM^t.  of  plate. 

His  son,  M.  L.  Wright,  and  grandsons,  H.  D.,  M.  L.,  W. 
W.,  are  dentists  here. 

W.  J.  Beattie  was  an  assistant  in  M.  L.  Wright's  labora- 
tory, he  was  not  a  dentist  and  never  practiced,  but  he  was  an 
engraver,  stencil  plate  maker  and  die-cutter. 

Charles  F.  All^vn  was  born  here  Nov.  2,  1844.  He  studied 
in  the  grammar  school,  and  graduated  from  the  Central  High. 
In  1862  he  entered  the  Union  Army,  and  fought  with  Army  of 
Tennessee  during  the  campaign  that  culminated  at  Vicksburg, 
July  4,  1863. 

His  brother  George  graduated  at  Kenyon  College  (0.),  1859, 
and  from  Ohio  College  Dental  Surgery,  1861,  and  then  settled 
in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.  Charles  went  to  him  in  1865,  studying 
with  him,  and  at  the  Pa.  Dent.  College,  and  took  his  examina- 
tion before  the  N.  Y.  State  Board,  and  received  the  degree  of 
M.  D.  S. 

Returning  to  Newburgh  he  was  associated  with  his  brother, 
but  he  succeeded  to  the  practice  when  his  brother  moved  to  New 
York  City. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  City  Club  (Newburgh),  Odon- 
tological  Society  of  N.  Y.,  Second  District  Dental  Society,  Chair- 


92  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

man  Section  of  Stomatology  American  Medical  Association,  and 
Vice-Pres.  N.  Y.  Institute  of  Stomatology,  which  adopted  viz : 

Whereas,  Our  beloved  friend,  Dr.  Charles  F.  Allan  was  re- 
moved from  us  by  death,  Jan.  4,  1906 ;  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Institute  deeply  deplores  the  loss  of  an 
efficient  member,  an  upright  and  cultivated  gentleman,  and  an 
honored  officer,  and  that  the  sincere  sympathy  of  the  members 
of  this  society  be  conveyed  to  the  family  of  Dr.  Allan,  with 
whom  they  mourn. 

His  friendship  has  brought  into  our  lives  something  of  help 
and  uplift  that  remains,  and  our  life  is  made  richer  by  the 
treasure. 

May  the  memories  of  his  virtues,  the  charm  of  his  person- 
ality, quicken  in  us  the  growth  of  similar  traits.  So  shall  his  life 
go  on  through  ours,  and  the  world  be  richer. 

Charles  0.  Kimball, 
E.  A.   BoGUE. 


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of  any  science  or  art,  and  anyone  who  is  in- 
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History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  93 

Cleaveland  Herald,  July  24,  1823. 
Philosophical  Amusement. 

Mr.  Beecher  would  respectfully  announce  to  the  Ladies  and 
Gentlemen  of  Cleaveland,  that  he  intends  offering  for  their 
amusement,  This  Evening,  at  the  home  of  Mr.  A.  Kingsbury, 
an  exhibition  of  some  very  interesting  Chemical  Experiments. 
In  addition  to  which,  will  be  exhibited  the  powerful  and 
astonishing  effects  of  the  Nitrous  Oxide,  or  Exhilirating  Gas, 
which  will  afford  sensations  of  pleasure  and  delight  to  those 
that  breathe  it,  and  afford  amusement  to  the  spectators.  The 
above  experiments  have  their  foundation  in  Science  and  Fact, 
and  are  calculated  to  enlighten  the  human  mind.  Exhibition 
will  commence  at  half  past  7  o'clock.  Admittance,  25  cents. 
Tickets  to  be  had  at  the  Bar.  Seats  reserved  exclusively  for 
Ladies. 

The  writer  has  examined  thousands  of  Cleaveland  newspa- 
pers, beginning  with  1818,  but  found  no  reference  to  dentistry 
until  the  following: 

Cleaveland  Herald,  June  30,  1826. 
Dentist. 

The  subscriber  has  taken  a  room,  for  a  few  weeks,  at  the 
Franklin  House  where  he  offers  to  perform  all  operations  in 
Dentistry. 

Artificial  Teeth  inserted  (inmost  cases  without  pain)  in 
such  a  manner  as  to  be  equal  in  appearance,  and  nearly  in  dura- 
bility to  natural  ones. 

Persons  residing  in  the  village  can  be  attended  at  their 
homes.  S.  Hardyear. 

The  above  notice  appears  again  July  14-21-28  and  Aug.  4, 
to  the  latter  is  added:  "I  will  remain  only  one  week  longer," 
but  the  notice  appears  again  Aug.  11,  and  says:  "I  will  remain 
only  one  week  longer." 

At  this  time  Cleaveland  was  described  as  being  a  pretty 
place  on  a  high  bluff  and  composed  of  some  50  houses,  with 
about  500  inhabitants. 

Herald,  July  28,  1826. 

We  have  often  said  that  the  teeth  require  great  care.  First 
let  them  be  well  set  in  order  by  removing  the  tartar,  etc.,  with  a 
proper  instrument,  and  using  frequently  a  large  and  stiff  brush 


94  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

as  can  be  procured,  it  should  be  used  dry  two  or  three  times 
a  week;  for  this  will  harden  the  gums  and  prevent  the  collec- 
tion of  extraneous  matter  ,and  give  a  fine  polish  to  the  teeth. 
A  simple  brush  however  hard,  can  never  injure  the  enamel, 
and  a  soft  brush  is  worse  than  useless.  The  best  brushes  sel- 
dom admit  of  use  more  than  a  month  or  two,  when  they  become 
soft  and  are  good  for  nothing.  Cologne  water  diluted  may  be 
used  occasionally,  and  will  be  found  both  agreeable  and  useful. 
It  will  give  a  fine  clear  complexion  to  the  teeth,  and  preserve 
the  breath  pure  and  fragrant. — Medical  Intelligencer. 

Herald,  July  28,  1826. 

For  the  benefit  of  those  who  cannot  have  the  advantage  of 
proper  instruments  to  remove  the  tartar,  we  recommend  the  use 
of  a  penknife  as  a  substitute.  In  many  cases  the  tartar  can  be 
readily  sealed  otf  by  it,  leaving  the  teeth  perfectly  clean,  and 
without  the  slightest  injury  to  the  enamel.  Great  care  should 
be  taken  to  remove  every  particle  between  the  necks  of  the 
teeth  and  gums.  Charcoal  prepared  by  burning  bread  will  be 
found  better  than  cologne  water.  It  should  be  pulverized  im- 
mediately after  burning,  and  kept  for  use  in  a  tight  vessel ;  use 
it  as  a  dentifrice  two  or  three  times  a  week.  Teeth  should  be 
brushed  perpendicularly,  in  order  to  cleanse  between  them ;  the 
inner  surfaces  should  not  be  neglected;  the  foul  ones  of  the  un- 
der jaw  in  particular.  A  Dentist. 

(No  doubt  the  above  was  written  by  S.  Hardyear). 

Herald,  Dec.  7,  1826. 
N.  E.  Crittenden  next  door  to  the  Franklin  House  has  on 
hand  a  quantity  of  gold  leaf.     Advertises  Toothbrushes,  July, 
1829,  Aug.,  1830,  Jan.,  1832,  (silver  picks),  July,  1834.  Cleave- 
land  Advertiser,  Aug.,  1831,  Teething  Rings. 

Herald,  April  15,  1830. 
Cambrian    Toothache    Pills    which    give    immediate    relief 
without  injuring  the  teeth.     On  trial  this  will  be  found  one  of 
the  best  remedies  for  this  painful  complaint.     Price   50  cents 

P®^  ^^^-  Herald,  May  20,  1830. 

British  Antiseptic  Dentifrice.  For  cleaning,  whitening  and 
preserving  the  Teeth  and  gums.  The  present  proprietor  wishes 
most  particularly  to  recommend  to  the  attention  of  the  public 


History  of  Dkxtistrv  ix  CLr:vEi..\XD  95 

as  perfectly  exempt  from  all  those  acids  which  in  general  form 
the  basis  of  tooth  powders  in  common  use,  and  which,  although 
they  may  whiten  the  teeth  for  a  short  time,  must  inevitably 
destroy  the  enamel  by  their  deleterious  action  on  this  beautiful 
covering  of  the  teeth.  The  consequence  is,  that  the  enamel, 
which  is  the  shield  provided  by  nature  to  protect  the  spongy 
and  nervous  internal  structure,  is  rapidly  corroded  by  these 
acid  ingredients,  become  more  discolored  than  ever,  and  exposes 
the  inner  portion  of  the  tooth  to  caries  and  a  rapid  and  certain 
decay.  By  the  use  of  the  British  Antiseptic  Dentifrice  in  the 
morning,  as  occasion  may  require,  with  a  brush  moderately  hard, 
and  cold  water,  the  accumulation  of  tartar  will  not  only  be  pre- 
vented, but  the  teeth  rendered  beautifully  and  permanently 
white,  and  the  gums  restored  to  that  freedom  from  soreness,  that 
hardness  and  efflorescence  which  are  the  sure  tests  of  their 
healthy  state,  and  the  best  guarantee  of  that  natural  fragrance 
of  the  breath  which  never  can  be  expected  in  connection  with 
foul  teeth  and  scorbutic  unhealthy  gums.  Price  50  cents  per 
box  at  Dr.  J.  Mills  Drug  and  Medicine  Store. 

Herald,  Dec.  7,  1831. 

Handerson  and  Punderson,  Druggists,  advertise :  A  lot  of 
superior  Tooth  Brushes,  and  July  12,  1833,  Teeth  Extractors 
with  ivory  and  ebony  handles,  and  Chlorine  Tooth  Wash :  Week- 
ly Whig,  Mar.  31,  1835;  One  case  superior  Dentists'  Instru- 
ments, for  sale  cheap. 

Advertiser,  Aug.  29,  1833. 

Dr.  Thomas  White's  Vegetable  Toothache  Drops.  The  only 
specific  ever  offered  to  the  public  from  which  permanent  and 
radical  cure  may  be  obtained  from  that  disagreeable  pain  the 
toothache  with  its  attendant  evils,  such  as  fracturing  the  jaw, 
thence  to  the  head,  producing  a  rheumatic  affection,  with  many 
other  unpleasant  effects,  such  as  a  disagreeable  breath,  bad 
taste  in  the  mouth,  etc.,  all  of  which  are  produced  from  foul 
or  decayed  teeth.  I  am  happy  to  have  it  in  my  power  to  offer 
to  the  world  a  remedy,  that  will  not  only  remove  the  pain  nine 
times  out  of  ten,  if  properly  applied,  but  preserve  the  teeth 
from  further  decay,  and  arrest  the  disease  in  such  as  are  de- 
caying and  have  not  commenced  aching,  restoring  them  to  health 
and  usefulnes^s.  Same  "ad"  Aug.  3,  1837. 


96  History  of  Dentistry  in  Ci^eveland 

Certificates.— Mr.  Thomas  White;  I  have  the  pleasure  to 
inform  you,  that  agreeable  to  your  request,  I  have  been  using 
your  toothache  drops  in  my  practice  for  some  time  past,  and 
I  must  acknowledge  that  I  find  them  far  superior  to  anything 
I  have  ever  yet  known  for  that  purpose,  you  are  entirely  safe 
in  recommending  them  to  cure  nine  times  out  of  ten;  for  from 
the  success  that  I  have  had,  I  believe  your  recommendation  falls 
short  of  their  merits.  I  am  well  convinced  that  it  will  cure  most 
cases  of  toothache  when  it  is  timely  and  properly  applied.  I  am 
not  able  to  say  much  at  this  time  as  to  its  preservative  proper- 
ties, but  from  what  I  have  seen  of  your  teeth  that  have  long 
been  cured  and  preserved  from  decaying,  and  from  a  few  weeks 
experience,  I  am  decidedly  of  the  opinion  that  it  will  have  a 
very  beneficial  effect  in  preserving  the  teeth,  and  recommend  it, 
hoping  that  it  may  prove  a  blessing  to  humanity,  and  advan- 
tages to  your  self.    With  respect  I  remain,  Yours,  etc., 

Wm.  I.  A.  BiRKEY,  Surgeon  Dentist, 
No.  99  South  Fifth  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Sept.  22,  1829. 

Mt.  Pleasant  3d  Mo.  18th,  1829. 

Sometime  since  Thomas  White  deposited  some  of  his  tooth- 
ache drops  with  me  in  order  to  try  validity  thereof,  and  to  ascer- 
tain whether  there  was  any  propriety  in  making  the  thing  public. 
I  have  tried  it  in  about  forty  cases  and  have  only  failed  in  two 
instances,  and  these  were  more  of  a  rheumatic  affection  of  the 
jaw,  than  idiopathic  odontalgia,  and  on  that  account  I  think  was 
a  failure.  They  certainly  are  worth  trial  of  every  person  who 
labors  under  that  disease  of  the  teeth.       Dr.  W.  Judkins. 

For  sale  at  Handerson  and  Punderson's  Drug  and  Medi- 
cine store.     Cleveland,  June  27,  1833. 

Advertiser,  Jan.  22,  1835. 
T.  White's  Toothache  drops  are  recommended  by  Wm.  I. 
A.  Birkey,  Philadelphia,  and  in  Oct.  it  is  signed  Jonathan 
Doge,  Dentist,  5  Chambers  St.,  N.  Y. ;  with  this  "ad"  is  a 
"cut"  of  a  man's  head  with  the  mouth  open  and  a  man's  hand 
holding  an  instrument  in  the  mouth.  These  "drops"  were  adver- 
tised here  extensively  in  1834-5-6-7-9,  and  in  the  News  Letter, 
July  28,  1829  Dr.  H.  Vaughan  recommends  them. 


TTiSTOKY  OP  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  97 

Herald,  Aug.  1,  1835. 
Doctors  Ware  and  Bradley  have  formed  a  connection  in 
the  practice  of  Operative  Dental  Surgery,  Diseases  of  the  Eye 
and  Ear  and  Practice  of  Medicine.  Dr.  Ware  will  attend  to 
Operative  and  Dental  Surgery;  Dr.  Bradley  to  Diseases  of  the 
Eye,  Ear  and  Practice  of  Medicine.    Population  about  5,000. 

Whig,  Nov.  4,  1835. 

Just  received  500  of  Dr.  Ambler's  (D.  C.  Ambler,  N.  Y., 
1828)  premium  Incorruptible  Teeth,  suitable  for  inserting  on 
pivot  or  gold  mountings.  Also  a  large  assortment  of  Tooth 
Brushes,  together  with  a  good  article  of  Tooth  Powder,  pre- 
pared by  the  subscriber.  J.  S.  Ware,  Surgeon  Dentist,  office 
Superior  St.:  Same  "ad"  April  13,  1836;  also  in  Daily  Ga- 
zette, May  25,  1836. 

Mr.  F.  Du  Souchet  in  a  letter  to  the  writer  in  1908  from 
Detroit,  Mich.,  says:  "J.  L.  Ware  came  here  from  Cleveland 
in  1836  and  practiced  until  1845,  when  he  sold  to  F.  E.  Bailey 
and  removed  to  N.  Y.  City,  where  he  practiced  until  his  death. 
Bailey  who  was  from  Ohio,  practiced  here  a  few  years  and  then 
returned,  as  he  had  sold,  about  1847,  to  W.  P.  Meacham  an- 
other Ohio  man." 

Gazette,  Feb-.  7,  1836. 

Dr.  Ware  having  removed  from  Cleveland,  the  practice  of 
Dental  Surgery  will  be  continued  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Farnsworth,  who 
respectfully  tenders  his  services  to  the  citizens  of  Cleveland  and 
its  vicinity.  Having  fitted  a  room  in  the  Franklin  Buildings, 
No.  6,  and  provided  a  large  supply  of  Incorruptible  teeth,  cus- 
tomers can  be  supplied  from  one  to  an  entire  set,  exactly  to  cor- 
respond with  the  living  teeth,  set  after  the  latest  and  most  mod- 
ern principles  of  Dental  Mechanism.  Dr.  F —  will  make  Cleve- 
land his  permanent  residence,  therefore  is  prepared  to  warrant 
his  operations,  and  in  doing  so  offers  the  public  an  opportunity 
to  avoid  imposition,  and  the  injurious  results  which  so  fre- 
quently attend  and  follow  the  practice  of  itinerant  dentists.  All 
operations  on  the  teeth,  gums  and  mouth  will  be  performed 
with  the  least  possible  pain,  and  correct  professional  skill.  The 
only  reference  which  Dr.  F —  deems  necessary,  is  his  own  work. 
Irregularities  of  the  teeth  in  children  prevented  and  remedied 


98  History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

in  adults.  Chlorine  "Wash,  Tooth  Powders  and  Brushes,  a  su- 
perior article,  for  sale.  Country  dentists  supplied  with  incor- 
ruptible silicious  Teeth  by  the  hundred. 

J.  H.  Farnsworth,  Dentist. 

Gazette,  May  18,  1836. 

A  Card. — Doct.  Ware  respectfully  informs  the  public  that 
he  has  returned,  and  is  now  ready  to  perform  with  care  and 
ease  to  his  patients,  all  operations  connected  with  Dental  Sur- 
gery. He  also  returns  his  sincere  thanks  to  the  public  for  their 
liberal  patronage,  in  his  profession.  A  good  supply  of  Incor- 
ruptible Teeth  on  hand.  Office  on  Superior  St.  Same  "ad" 
Nov.  2nd. 

Gazette,  July  11,  1836. 

Chlorine  Tooth  Wash — This  compound  effectually  cleanses 
the  teeth  and  mouths,  speedily  removes  all  canker  or  soreness, 
the  smell  or  taste  of  tobacco,  and  all  that  is  offensive  in  the 
breath.     For  sale  by  Handerson  and  Punderson. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  July  6,  1836. 
Dr.  M.  Hitchcock's  Magnetica  Odontica. — The  Utopian 
dreams  of  the  alchymist  are  realized  and  a  remedy  discovered 
for  preserving  those  important  and  beautiful  appendages  of 
the  human  system,  by  the  use  of  Magnetica  Odontica,  which  by 
its  attractive  and  purifying  and  strengthening  qualities  re- 
moves all  extraneous  substances  from  the  teeth  and  preserves 
them  in  their  natural  brilliancy  and  the  gums  in  soundness  and 
beauty.  It  is  ascertained  from  experience  that  when  used,  the 
teeth  will  never  decay,  but  remain  till  the  latest  age  of  man 
with  their  natural  wear.  When  they  are  decayed,  its  progress 
will  be  arrested  and  the  teeth  preserved  and  prevented  from 
aching.  The  use  of  it  will  save  the  great  expense  of  filling, 
which  when  performed  by  unskillful  persons  is  very  injurious 
to  them.  A  gentleman  not  long  since  came  to  me  whose  teeth 
w^as  fast  going  to  decay ;  they  were  loose,  his  gums  were  spongy 
and  feverish,  his  breath  fetid,  I  advised  him  to  use  my  Odon- 
tica, which  he  did,  and  in  one  week  his  teeth  were  firm  in  their 
sockets,  his  gums  resumed  their  health,  his  breath  was  corrected. 
All  this  cost  50  cents,  a  brush  and  a  little  exertion.  I  repeat, 
I  do  not  believe  the  teeth  will  decay  if  this  is  used  as  directed. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  99 

The  preparation  is  on  different  principles  than  any  other  in 
use.  Since  this  was  written,  another  and  another,  have  called 
on  me  and  expressed  their  gratification  for  the  great  benefit 
they  have  received  from  the  use  of  my  Odontica.  They  say  no 
money  would  induce  them  to  be  without  this  invaluable  article. 
Sold  wholesale  and  retail  by  A.  Hitchcock  &  Co.,  117  Genesee 
St.,  [Jtica  and  by  Handerson  and  Punderson,  sole  agents, 
Cleveland. 

Whig,  Oct.  20,  28,  Nov.  4,  1835. 
Dr.  E.  N.  Manning,  Surgeon  Dentist  from  the  city  of 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  will  remain  a  short  time  at  the  Franklin 
House,  where  he  will  be  ready  to  attend  to  all  who  may  need 
any  operations  upon  their  teeth.  Having  a  good  supply  of 
durable  composition  Teeth,  that  so  perfectly  resemble  the  nat- 
ural teeth  as  not  to  be  detected;  natural  Teeth,  pure  Gold  Foil 
for  filling  decaying  teeth,  etc.,  etc.,  together  with  skill  and  ex- 
perience, in  the  practice;  Dr.  M.  can  assure  all  who  may  favor 
him,  of  receiving  perfect  satisfaction.  N.  B.  — References  can 
be  made  to  Mr.  Amos  Tuffts,  Col.  Samuel  Stone  from  Rochester, 
Mr.  Daniel  Collins  from  Brockport  and  other  gentlemen  from 
Monroe  county,  N.  Y. 

Gazette,  Nov.  4,  1835. 

Dr.  B.  Strickland,  Dentist  and  Manufacturer  of  Incorrupt- 
ible Teeth,  respectfully  informs  the  citizens  of  Cleaveland  and 
its  vicinity,  that  he  has  determined  to  settle  permanently  in  this 
village.  He  now  offers  his  services  to  the  public  in  every  branch 
of  Dental  Surgery.  His  time  will  be  wholly  devoted  for  the 
relief  of  those  who  are  unfortunately  suffering  from  disease  or 
loss  of  teeth.  Having  had  several  years  experience  in  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession,  he  confidently  hopes  to  give  perfect  sat- 
isfaction to  all  who  may  please  to  favor  him  with  business. 
Office,  No.  21  Central  Buildings,  corner  of  Superior  and  Water 
Street.  Nov.  2,  1836,  B.  Strickland,  Surgeon  Dentist,  will  sup- 
ply members  of  his  profession  with  Incorruptible  Teeth,  made 
to  order  on  short  notice.  Persons  wishing  to  have  Teeth  in- 
serted, are  invited  to  call  and  examine  his  stock  of  Teeth  on 
hand.  No.  21  Central  Buildings.  Nov.  16,  1836,  Dr.  Strickland 
particularly  invites  his  friends  and  the  public  to  the  preserva- 
tion  of  their  Natural  Teeth  as  the  most  important  branch  of 


100  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

his  profession.  His  business  is  warranted  equal  to  the  encour- 
agement given  at  the  time  of  application.  He  will  visit  Ladies 
at  their  rooms  in  the  morning,  and  may  always  be  found  in  the 
afternoon  at  his  office. 

Cleveland  Daily  Gazette,  Nov.  21,  1836. 
New  Teeth. — B.  Strickland,  Surgeon  Dentist,  will  supply 
members  of  his  profession  with  incorruptible  teeth  made  to 
order,  or,  on  short  notice.  Persons  wishing  to  have  teeth  in- 
serted are  invited  to  call  and  examine  his  stock  of  teeth  on 
hand.  Office,  No.  21  Central  Buildings,  corner  Superior  and 
Water.  Dr.  Strickland  particularly  invites  the  attention  of  his 
friends  and  the  public  to  the  preservation  of  their  natural  teeth, 
as  the  most  important  branch  of  his  profession.  His  business  is 
warranted  equal  to  the  encouragement  given  at  the  time  of 
application.    He  will  visit  Ladies  at  their  rooms  in  the  morning. 

Whig,  Nov.  24,  1835. 
Kreosote  for  curing  Tooth  Ache. — This  substance,  of  a 
recent  German  disocvery,  comes  highly  recommended  as  an  ef- 
fectual cure  for  the  Tooth  Ache.  It  destroys  the  sensibility  of 
the  nerve  without  causing  any  pain.  For  sale  by  Stickland 
and  Gaylord.     Same  "ad"  Dec,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  Ma., 

1 8^fi 

Daily  Advertiser,  Mar.  21,  1837. 

Dr.  Strickland,  Dentist,  Central  Buildings,  corner  Super- 
ior and  Water  St.  Dr.  Strickland  takes  this  opportunity  of  ex- 
pressing his  thanks  to  his  friends  and  the  public  for  the  very 
liberal  patronage  extended  to  him  in  the  line  of  his  profession, 
and  hopes  by  strict  attention  to  his  business  to  continue  to 
merit  the  confidence  of  all  who  are  afflicted  with  carious  teeth. 
Dr.  S.  would  also  take  the  liberty  of  presenting  to  the  citizens 
of  Cleveland  the  following  testimonials  of  his  acquirements  and 
ability  as  a  dentist. 

The  undersigned  judging  from  personal  acquaintance  with 
Dr.  Strickland,  and  acquaintance  with  his  professional  business, 
believe  that  he  is  thoroughly  acquainted  with  his  profession,  and 
as  a  dentist  we  confidently  recommend  him  to  our  friends  and 
the  public :  Dr.  Long,  Dr.  Gushing,  Dr.  Hicks,  Dr.  Terry,  Dr. 
Mills,  Dr.  Brown,  Dr.  Johnstone,  Dr.  Otis,  Dr.  Brayton,  Dr. 
Underhill,  Dr.  Hewitt,  Dr.  Inglehart,  Dr.  Mendenhall. 


HiSTOuY  OF  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  101 

Dr.  Strickland  may  always  be  found  in  the  afternoon  (and 
all  other  hours  when  not  absent  on  professional  business)  at 
his  rooms  in  the  Central  Buildings  on  the  corner  of  Superior 
and  Water  Streets,  No.  20  up  stairs. 

The  above  notice  appears  during  Mar.,  Apr.,  ]\Iay,  June, 
July  and  Aug.  1,  2,  3,  and  maybe  longer. 

Dr.  Strickland,  Dentist,  No.  21  Central  Buildings,  corner 
of  Superior  and  Water  Sts. 

This  card  appears  in  the  "Advertiser"  Apr.  8  to  14,  and 
in  some  issues  it  appears  twice. 

Daily  Advertiser,  June  10,  1837. 

Dr.  Strickland  says:  "Dentists  residing  in  the  country  can 
be  supplied  with,  incorruptible  teeth.  Gold  and  Tin  foil  and 
most  other  articles  used  by  dentists  and  may  always  be  found 
in  the  afternoon  at  his  office. 

Advertiser,  Mar.  2,  1837. 
The  Teeth,  Articulation,  Health  and  Beauty. 

Dr.  J.  A.  Cody,  Surgeon  Dentist,  respectfully  intimates  to 
his  friends,  and  the  citizens  of  Cleveland,  that  he  has  taken  an 
office  in  the  City  Block,  where  he  will  at  all  times  be  ready  to 
perform  operations  on  the  teeth,  surgical  and  mechanical.  All 
defects  of  the  mouth,  corrected  and  made,  not  only  to  resemble 
nature  in  her  beauteous  workmanship,  but  also  to  add  comfort 
to  the  afflicted.  All  manner,  shape,  and  form  of  teeth,  set  with 
neatness  and  despatch,  on  pivots,  plates  of  gold,  or  platina. 

Advertiser,  June  5,  1837. 

Eichard  Coredon,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  Dentist,  respectfully  in- 
forms the  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  of  Cleveland,  that  he  has  taken 
an  office  in  the  Hancock  Block,  corner  of  Seneca  and  Superior 
streets,  where  he  will  be  happy  to  attend  to  all  those  who  may 
favor  him  with  their  attention.  His  extensive  practice  in  his 
profession,  both  in  the  U.  S.  and  Europe,  entitles  him  to  say, 
that  in  no  operation  on  the  Teeth,  however  critical,  can  he  be 
excelled,  in  point  of  ease  and  elegance,  by  any  other  operator 
whatever.  Silicious,  metallic,  or  incorruptible  Teeth  inserted, 
from  one  to  a  full  set.     Teeth  filled  with  Gold. 

The  above  appears  during  June  and  July  1  to  18. 


102  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Advertiser,  July  5,  1837. 

Richard  Coredon,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  Dentist,  Member  of  the 
Eoyal  College  in  London;  Office,  No.  34  Superior  St.,  next  door 
to  the  Post  Office. 

The  above  appears  during  most  of  July. 

Cleveland  Daily  Advertiser,  Aug.  4,  1837. 
Drs.    Coredon    and    Sargeant,    Surgeon    Dentists,    No.    6 
Franklin  Buildings,  Water  Street. 

Advertiser,  Aug.  3,  1837. 
Herald  and  Gazette,  Oct.  13,  1837. 
Dr.  B.  Strickland,   Surgeon  Dentist  and  manufacturer  of 
incorruptible  teeth,  No.  9  Central  Buildings,  corner  of  Superior 
and  Water  Sts.     This  card  appears  again  Jan.,  1838. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Dec.  8,  1837. 

Dr.  Strickland  respectfully  informs  his  friends  and  the 
public,  that  he  has  removed  from  the  3rd  story  to  rooms  No.  9 
and  15  in  the  2nd  story  of  the  Central  Buildings  on  the  corner 
of  Superior  and  Water  Streets,  where  he  is  prepared  to  perform 
all  operations  on  the  teeth  in  a  style  not  surpassed  by  any  of 
his  profession.  His  rooms  are  easy  of  access  and  retired  and 
he  assures  his  friends  that  no  effort  shall  be  wanting  on  his  part 
which  may  conduce  to  render  them  pleasant  to  those  who  may 
favor  him  with  a  call.  As  Dr.  S.  intends  making  Cleveland  his 
place  of  permanent  residence,  he  hopes  to  afford  an  opportunity 
to  ladies  and  gentlemen  residing  in  the  country  at  a  distance,  to 
employ  an  operator  who  will  be  responsible  for  the  manner  in 
which  his  business  is  done. 

The  undersigned  judging  from  personal  acquaintance  with 
Dr.  Strickland,  and  acquaintance  with  his  professional  business, 
believe  that  he  is  thoroughly  acquainted  with  his  profession, 
and  as  a  dentist  we  confidently  recommend  him  to  our  friends 
and  the  public  |  Drs.  Long,  Hicks,  Mills,  Johnstone,  Bray  ton, 
Hewitt,  Mendenhall,  Gushing,  Terry,  Brown,  Otis,  Underbill, 
Inglehart.     The  above  also  appears  Jan.  12,  26,  1838. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Feb.  22,  1838. 
Cambrian  Tooth  Pills. — The  relief  is  immediate  without  the 
least  injury  to  the  teeth.    Price  50  cents  a  box.    Same  Aug.  22, 
for  sale  by  Stickland  and  Gaylord,  Handerson  and  Punderson 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  103 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Mar.  1,  1838. 

Dentist. — A.  Blakesley,  Dentist  from  Utica,  N.  Y.,  has  tak- 
en rooms  at  the  Franklin  House  where  he  will  remain  a  short 
time  and  where  he  will  attend  all  calls  in  his  profession. 

Reference  may  be  had  to  Rev.  S.  C.  Akin,  N.  C.  Baldwin, 
Dr.  W.  A.  Clark  and  Alex.  Seymour. 

The  above  also  appears  Mar.  8,  Apr.  5,  12. 

This  Blakesly  was  of  Foster  and  Blakesley,  (Utica,  N.  Y.), 
who  had  a  fine  practice.  About  1838  he  came  through  here  in- 
troducing Watt's  crystal  gold  foil.  He  practiced  here  a  short 
time,  but  sometime  later  than  May,  1839,  sailed  for  Cuba  and 
unfortunately  fell  overboard  and  was  drowned. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  May  3,  1838. 

J.  A.  May  respectfully  informs  the  citizens  of  Cleveland 
and  vicinity  that  he  has  taken  Room  No.  14  at  the  Franklin 
House  where  he  may  be  found  at  all  times  to  receive  calls  in 
the  line  of  his  profession.  The  above  appears  May  10,  17,  24, 
July  5. 

Same  paper  May  17,  1838.  Dr.  Strickland  continues  to  per- 
form all  operations  for  the  preservation  of  the  Natural  Teeth  at 
his  rooms  No.  2  Water  St.,  corner  of  Superior.  A  perfect  imi- 
tation of  the  natural  teeth,  warranted  never  to  decay  or  change 
in  color,  just  received. 

The  above  appears  May  24,  June  7,  14,  July  5,  Aug.  2,  16, 
and  Sept.  and  Oct.  In  the  business  directory  of  the  paper,  ap- 
pears a  standing  card  for  the  year,  viz. :  Dr.  B.  Strickland,  Sur- 
geon Dentist  and  manufacturer  of  incorruptible  teeth.  No.  9 
Central  Buildings,  corner  of  Superior  and  Water  Streets. 

This  card  appears  during  Jan.,  1839. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  June  28,  1838. 
Gold  Leaf  of  superior  quality  for  sale  at  the  manufactur- 
ers' prices  by  B.  Strickland,  Dentist,  No.  3  Water  St.     This  also 
appears  July  5,  12,  and  Aug.  16. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Oct.  30,  1838. 
Surgeon  Dentist. 
D.  V.  Bradford,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  Dentist,  has  opened  an 
office  on  Superior  Street  in  the  Brick  Block  adjoining  the  Com- 


104  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

mercial  Bank  of  Lake  Erie.  Dr.  B.  having  pursued  the  prac- 
tice of  Medicine  and  Surgery  together  with  Surgeon  Dentistry 
for  several  years  in  the  State  of  N.  Y.,  is  of  the  belief  that  his 
knowledge  of  the  Anatomy  and  Physiology  of  the  teeth,  together 
with  operative  dentistry,  will  enable  him  to  give  satisfaction  to 
his  patrons.  References :  Drs.  -J.  Mills,  C.  A.  Terry,  M.  L. 
Hewitt,  J.  Foote. 

The  above  also  appears  Oct.  31,  and  every  day  in  Nov., 
Dec.  and  Jan.  1,  1839. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Dec.  19  to  29,  1838. 
Dr.    Strickland   having    abandoned   the   idea   of   removing 
from  Cleveland,  will  attend  all  calls  in  his  profession  at  his  old 
rooms  corner  of  AVater  and  Superior  Streets. 

Same  paper,  Jan.  2,  1839. 

Dr.  B.  Strickland,  Surgeon  Dentist  and  manufacturer  of 
incorruptible  teeth.  No.  107  Superior  St.,  between  Seneca  St. 
and  the  Public  Square.  This  card  appears  during  Jan.,  Feb., 
Mar.,  Apr.,  May,  June,  July,  Aug. 

Same  paper,  Mar.  8,  1839. 
A.  Blakesley, 
Dentist, 
From  Utica,  N.  Y.,  has  returned  to  the  city,  and  will  be  at  the 
American  House  for  a  short  time. 

This  card  appears  during  Mar.,  Apr.,  May  1,  2. 

Daily  Herald,  Aug.  15,  1839. 
Orris  Tooth  "Wash. 

Sound  teeth  and  whole  teeth  are  the  most  valuable  portions 
of  poor  humanity;  but  how  many  neglect  the  attention  neces- 
sary for  their  preservation,  even  when  surrounded  by  all  the 
means  needed.  Among  these  we  know  of  none  more  pleasant 
and  effective  than  the  Orris  Tooth  Wash,  it  cleans  and  whitens 
the  teeth,  strengthens  the  gums,  purifies  the  mouth  and  sweetens 
the  breath.  We  recommend  its  use  to  all,  young  and  old. — Bos- 
ton Morning  Post. 

The  Orris  Tooth  Wash  is  the  best  detergent  we  ever  used  on 
our  enamel. — -Boston  Transcript. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  105 

•  I  have  used  the  Orris  Tooth  Wash  and  having  been  made 
acquainted  with  the  various  articles  of  which  it  is  composed,  feel 
great  pleasure  in  recommending  it  as  an  agreeable,  wholesome 
and  efficient  Wash  for  the  mouth.  Eleazer  Parmley,  No.  11 
Park  Place,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  1833-39. 

Similar  recommendations  are  signed  by  John  Randall, 
M.  D.^  Boston,  Sept.  7,  1839,  Walter  Channing,  M.  D.,  Boston, 
Dr.  J.  Parmley,  Dentist,  Augusta,  Ga.,  1838,  T.  W.  Parsons, 
Boston,  Sept.  10,  1822.  Sold  by  Stickland  and  Gaylord, 
Cleveland,  and  at  the  Ohio  City  Drug  Store. 
Above  "ad"  in  Herald,  Jan.  8,  1840. 

Weekly  Advertiser,  Apr.  25,  1839. 
Not  There. — Dr.  Strickland  has  removed  to  107  Superior  St. 
between  Seneca  St.  and  the  Public  Square,  where  he  is  prepared 
to  attend  all  calls  in  the  line  of  Dental  Surgery.  This  "card" 
is  continued  throughout  remainder  of  the  year,  and  also  ap- 
pears Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  1840.  In  the  issues  June  6,  1839,  and 
Mar.  5,  1840,  there  are  tivo  "cards." 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Sept.  18,  1839. 
Drs.  Bennett  and  Hervey,  Dentists,  from  the  City  of  New 
York,  would  respectfully  announce  to  the  Ladies  and  Gentle- 
men of  Cleveland  and  vicinity  that  they  have  taken  rooms  at 
the  American  House.  They  will  attend  to  all  calls  in  their  pro- 
fession either  at  their  rooms,  or  at  private  houses  as  may  be 
convenient.  Drs.  B.  and  H.  having  had  several  years  practice 
consider  themselves  fully  competent  to  perform  any  operations 
in  Mechanical  or  Surgical  Dentistry.  Artificial  teeth  inserted 
from  one  to  an  entire  set  so  as  not  to  be  distinguished  from  those 
formed  by  nature,  even  by  the  closest  observer.  Particular  at- 
tention given  to  plugging,  cleaning  and  extracting  carious  teeth. 
Wm.  C.  Bennett,  Chas.  P.  Hervey.  References,  Prof.  H.  A. 
Ackley,  M.  D.,  M.  L.  Hewitt,  M.  D.,  S.  Starkweather,  Esq.,  Rev. 
Levi  Tucker,  Alexander  Sackett,  Wm.  Sutton. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Nov.  27,  1839. 
Tooth  Powder  and  Tooth  Brushes. — ^A  Superior  article  of 
Tooth    Powder  for  cleansing,  preserving    and  beautifying    the 
Teeth  and  Gums,  for  sale  at  the  Bazaar.     Same  "ad"  Jan.  6, 
1840. 


106  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Dec.  4,  1839. 
Toothache,  Toothache,  Toothache. 
Wm.  Brown,  chemist,  481  Washington  St.,  Boston,  has  in- 
vented an  article  that  will  remove  this  tormenting  pain,  also 
takes  away  all  unpleasant  smell  of  the  breath,  and  causes  the 
decayed  part  of  the  tooth  to  be  as  white  as  the  outside  and  fits 
them  to  be  filled.  Hundreds  of  gross  have  been  sold  in  the  last 
three  years  and  many  a  comfortable  nights  rest,  which  other- 
wise would  have  been  spent  in  misery.  It  does  not  injure  the 
teeth  like  many  articles  now  in  use.  It  is  considered  by  our 
dentists  the  best  article  now  in  use  prepared.  For  sale  in  Cleve- 
land. Druggists  supplied  by  Messrs.  Henshaw,  Ward  &  Co., 
Boston.  Same  "ad"  in  Daily  Herald,  Mar.,  Apr.,  Ma.,  June, 
1840. 

Daily  Herald,  Jan.  8,  1840. 

Dr.  B.  Strickland,  Surgeon  Dentist,  and  manufacturer  of 
Incorruptible  Teeth,  197  Superior  St.,  between  Seneca  St.  and 
the  Public  Square.     Same  "ad"  throughout  the  year. 

Herald  and  Gazette,  Nov.  25,  1840. 
Dental  Surgery. — Dr.  Wright  has  located  in  the  city  of 
Cleveland  and  opened  an  office  over  the  store  of  Messrs.  Han- 
derson  and  Punderson,  where  he  is  prepared  to  perform  all 
operations  connected  with  Dentistry  in  a  correct  and  scientific 
manner.  He  has  numerous  testimonials  among  which  is  the 
following  from  H.  A.  Aekley,  M.  D. :  I  have  been  acquainted 
with  Dr.  M.  L.  Wright,  Surgeon  and  Dentist  for  six  years,  dur- 
ing which  time  I  have  had  numerous  opportunities  of  observing 
his  treatment  and  operations  on  diseased  teeth  which  have  uni- 
formly been  successful.  I  most  cheerfully  recommend  him  to 
the  public  as  well  versed  both  in  the  theoretical  and  practical 
parts  of  his  profession,  and  in  all  particulars  a  skillful  and 
judicious  Dentist.    Nov.  1,  1840,  H.  A.  Aekley. 

Charges  will  be  reasonable  and  all  operations  performed  to 
the  entire  satisfaction  of  his  Patrons.  He  may  be  consulted  at 
his  office,  or  at  his  residence  on  St.  Clair  St.,  Dr.  W.  very  re- 
spectfully solicits  a  share  of  patronage.  Same  "ad"  in  Dec. 
and  Jan.,  Feb.  1841,  Jan.  1842. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  107 

Herald,  Jan.  19,  1841. 

Artificial  Teeth. — Dr.  Strickland  has  just  received  from  the 
best  manufactories  in  the  world  a  great  variety  of  teeth  so  per- 
fect in  form  and  color  that  they  cannot  be  distinguished  from 
natural  teeth,  which  he  will  warrant  never  to  decay  or  change 
color.  Dr.  S.  is  prepared  to  insert  these  teeth  so  that  they  may 
be  worn  without  clasps,  springs  or  pivots.  Also  in  every  man- 
ner in  which  artificial  teeth  are  inserted.  All  operations  for 
the  preservation  of  natural  teeth  carefully  performed  on  terms 
corresponding  with  the  time,  at  his  old  office  nearly  opposite  the 
Temperance  House. 

Herald,  Feb.  5,  1841. 

Dr.  B.  Strickland,  Surgeon  Dentist  and  manufacturer  of 
Incorruptible  Teeth,  107  Superior  St.,  between  Seneca  St.  and 
the  Public  Square,  same  ''ad"  through  most  of  Mar.,  Apr.,  Ma., 
June  and  all  of  1842-3-4. 

Herald,  Jan.  28,  1842. 

Premium  Teeth. — A  great  quantity  of  Premium  Incorrupt- 
ible Teeth,  as  natural  as  life,  just  received  will  be  inserted  to 
the  perfect  satisfaction  of  all  applicants,  or  sold  at  wholesale 
to  Dentists,  by  B.  Strickland,  Surgeon  Dentist,  Superior  St. 
Same  "ad"  practically  through  rest  of  the  year,  and  most  of 
1843-4-5-6. 

Plain  Dealer,  Jan.  26,  1842. 

Dr.  Strickland,  dentist,  and  agent  for  the  sale  of  Incorrupt- 
ible Teeth,  Gold  and  Tin  Foil,  Instruments  and  all  articles  used 
by  Dentists,  No.  109  Superior  St.    Same  "ad,"  rest  of. the  year. 

Herald,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  Ma.,  1842. 
Teeth,  Teeth,  Teeth.^Stockton's  Incorruptible    Teeth  for 
sale  by  Stickland,  Gaylord  &  Co.,  Agents. 

Herald,  May  7,  1842. 
Dr.  Wright  Dental  Surgeon,  can  be  consulted  at  all  hours 
at  his  office  on  Superior  St.,  opposite  the  Commercial  Bank. 
Having  recently  had  occasion  to  employ  Dr.  Wright,  of  Cleve- 
land, Dentist,  to  perform  some  work  of  peculiar  difficulty  in  his 
line  I  feel  it  due  to  him  to  state  that  his  execution  of  the  work 
has   far  surpas!-:ed   my  most  favorable   anticipations,   and   that 


108  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

the  decided  proof  thus  made  of  his  skill  in  the  business  of  den- 
tistry, together  with  information  derived  from  sources  of  credit, 
have  fully  satisfied  that  he  may  unreservedly  confided  in  by 
any  who  may  have  occasion  for  his  services.  Given  at  Willough- 
by,  Feb.  17,  1842.  John  Delamatbr. 

Dr.  Wright — Dear  Sir:  I  fully  concur  in  the  sentiments 
expressed  in  the  above  letter  from  my  colleague  Prof.  Delamater 
addressed  to  you.  Yours  with  much  respect,  J.  Lang  Cassels, 
Willoughby,  Feb.  25,  1842. 

N.  B.- — Instruments  of  every  description  used  by  Surgeons, 
Dentists  or  Physicians  kept  constantly  on  hand.  Same  "ad" 
part  of  Ma.,  June. 

Herald,  May  24,  1842. 

Preservation  of  the  Teeth.- — The  most  experienced  members 
of  the  American  Society  of  Dental  Surgeons  (including  prin- 
cipal Literary  Dentists  in  Europe  and  America)  believe  that 
it  is  easy  to  preserve  the  natural  teeth  perfect  and  healthy  from 
youth  to  extreme  old  age,  by  using  proper  remedies  and  avoid- 
ing all  others.  For  the  purpose  of  diffusing  correct  information 
on  various  subjects  relating  to  the  teeth  and  enabling  the  public 
to  guard  against  quackery  and  imposition,  the  Society  are  pub- 
lishing ten  or  twelve  popular  essays,  which  are  received  as  fast 
as  published  by  Dr.  Strickland,  fellow  of  said  society,  for  the 
benefit  of  his  friends. 

N.  B. — Eecent  improvements  in  dental  surgery  promptly 
received  through  the  above  society  from  all  parts  of  the  Globe 
and  applied  to  practice  at  109  Superior  St.,  opposite  the  Tem- 
perance House.     Same  "ad"  in  Ma.,  June,  Sept. 

Herald,  May  30,  1842. 
Cure  for  the  Toothache. — The  Celebrated  Muscovitus  Drops, 
warranted  to  cure  the  most  inveterate  toothache  in  two  min- 
utes. This  article  will  also  preserve  the  decayed  teeth  for  the 
future,  remove  all  the  scurvy  and  tartar  without  the  use  of  an 
instrument.  The  discoverer  and  proprietor  of  the  above  inval- 
uable cure  for  the  toothache,  informs  the  public  that  he  has  the 
exclusive  right  in  his  discovery,  by  application  in  due  form  of 
law  at  the  Patent  office  of  the  U.  S.  and  is  now  ready  to  dispose 
of  said  Patent    Rights,  for  the    District  of  Columbia,  or  any 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  1C9 

county,  State  or  Territory  in  the  Union.     Dr.  S.  M.  Dellefty, 
who  can  be  found  at  the  Mansion  House. 

Herald,  Sept.  8,  1842. 

Dentist.— D.  M.  Heart  (from  Philadelphia)  Surgeon  Den- 
tist, will  attend  to  all  operations  in  Dental  Surgery,  such  as 
Cleansing,  Plugging,  Extracting  and  inserting  Incorruptible 
Teeth  from  one  to  a  full  set.  He  operates  after  the  manner  of 
the  Mechanics  of  Paris,  being  furnished  with  Platena  Composi- 
tion Blocking  (a  new  article)  a  soft  article  but  becomes  hard 
in  two  hours  after  inserting.  Any  person  not  being  satisfied 
will  not  be  compelled  to  pay.  Terms.— For  cleansing  a  whole 
set  of  teeth,  $1.00.  For  plugging  a  tooth  with  gold,  $1.00.  Com- 
position, $1.00.  Silver  foil,  50  cents.  Inserting  a  tooth  with 
pivot,  $3.00.     In  Gold  Plate,  $5.00. 

N.  B. — The  toothache  cured  in  five  minutes  (wtihout  ex- 
tracting) free  of  charge.  Office  at  Cleveland  Temperance  House. 

Ladies  or  Gentlemen  can  be  waited  on  at  their  residence 
both  in  country  and  town,  at  the  same  rates  charged  at  his 
office.  If  the  public  give  him  satisfaction  he  will  make  this  his 
place  of  residence.     Same  "ad"  Sept.  13,  15. 

Herald,  Oct.  28,  1842. 

A  Card. — Dr.  Strickland,  member  of  the  American  Society 
of  Dental  Surgeons,  acknowledges  with  gratitude  the  numerous 
manifestations  of  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  his  fellow  citi- 
zens evinced  in  the  liberal  patronage  that  has  been  extended  to 
him  during  a  residence  of  seven  years.  Dr.  S.  having  adopted 
in  his  practice  all  recent  improvements  is  now  able  to  offer  to 
his  friends  all  the  benefits  which  his  favorite  art  can  bestow — 
such  as  destroying  the  nerves  in  aching  teeth  without  pain,  fill- 
ing the  most  sensitive  teeth  without  pain,  inserting  teeth  with- 
out pain,  inserting  teeth  with  artificial  gums  so  they  will  not 
appear  longer  than  natural  teeth,  etc.  Reference. — His  diploma 
received  from  the  American  Society  of  Dental   Surgeons. 

N  B_ — Charges  made  to  correspond  with  the  times.  Office, 
Superior  St.,  opposite  the  Temperance  House.  Same  "ad"  in 
Dec.  and  1843,  Jan.,  Mar.,  Aug.,  Sept.,  1844,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.. 
Apr. 


110  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Weekly  Plain  Dealer,  July  12,  1843. 
N.   T.   Cody,  Dentist,  Rooms  in  Champlain  St.,  near  On- 
tario.    Dr.  C.  will  perform  operations  on  the  teeth  in  the  best 
manner  and  on  the  most  reasonable  terms.     Same  "ad"  rest  of 
the  year,  and  Jan.,  1814. 

Weekly  Plain  Dealer,  Apr.,  24,  1843. 
Take  care  of  your  Teeth. — J.  D.  Howe,  most  respectfully  in- 
forms the  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  of  Cleveland  and  vicinity  that 
he  is  now  prepared  to  perform  all  operations  pertaining  to  the 
Dental  Art.  Dr.  H.  has  taken  rooms  on  Bank  St.,  second  door 
from  the  Banking  House,  where  he  will  wait  upon  all  those 
who  wish  to  avail  themselves  of  that  opportunity.  Ladies  will 
be  waited  on  at  their  dwellings.  All  operations  pertaining  to 
the  Dental  Art  done  on  the  neatest  and  most  approved  principle. 
Prices  to  correspond  with  the  times. 

Herald,  Aug.  28,  1843. 

Dental  Surgeons. — Drs.  Wright  and  Carter  have  connected 
themselves  for  a  term  of  years  and  will  practice  their  Profes- 
sion in  all  its  branches,  according  to  the  most  approved  plan, 
and  to  the  satisfaction  of  their  patrons.  Charges  will  be  mod- 
erate.    Office  over  the  Post  Office. 

N.  B. — At  this  office  full  double  sets  of  Teeth  have  been 
successfully  placed  so  as  to  answer  well  the  purposes  of  masti- 
cation. Price  for  double  set  on  gold  from  $100  to  $125.  All 
operations  of  this  sort,  as  well  as  those  of  less  importance,  will 
be  warranted  to  answer  the  purposes  recommended  at  the  time 
of  application.     Office  open  6  A.  M.  to  9  P.  M. 

Herald,  Mar.  3,  1844. 

Maury's  Dental  Surgery,  Bell  on  the  Teeth,  M.  C.  Young- 
love  Bookseller,  American  House.  First  time  the  writer  has 
seen  a  dental  book  "ad"  here. 

Herald,  Apr.  27,  1844. 

Dr.  Wright,  Dentist,  has  removed  his  office  and  residence  to 
76  Superior  St.,  opposite  the  Commercial  Buildings,  where 
every  operation  connected  with  Dental  Surgery  will  be  per- 
formed with  as  little  pain  as  possible,  and  in  all  respects  satis- 
factory to  the  patient.  Charges  as  reasonable  as  anyone  in  the 
country  who  understands  his  profession.     Same  "ad"  Ma.,  Ju., 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  111 

July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  "ad"  June  26  has  a  picture  of  an  upper  and 
under  set  of  teeth,  with  spiral  springs,  fitted  into  the  mouth. 

First  time  the  writer  has  seen  an  "ad"  here  accompanied 
with  a  picture. 

Dr.  Wright's  "card"  appears  in  the  Herald,  1844,  Aug., 
Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec,  1845,  all  the  year.  Wright  &  Hamlen's 
"card"  1845,  Nov.  11  and  rest  of  the  year.  Dr.  Strickland's 
"card"  appears  in  the  Herald  1844,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov., 
Dec,  1845,  all  the  year. 

Weekly  Plain  Dealer,  July  2,  1844. 

Dr.  Wright,  Surgeon  Dentist,  will  insert  full  double  sets  of 
Artificial  Teeth  so  as  to  answer  well  the  purposes  of  natural 
Teeth,  also  Artificial  Palates  and  Roofs  to  the  Mouth  so  that 
articulation,  etc.,  can  be  performed  with  correctness  and  ease. 
Charges  moderate  and  operations  of  this  kind  warranted  suc- 
cessful or  no  charge.  Office,  76  Superior  St.,  Same  "ad"  Aug., 
Sept.,  Oct.,  Dec.  Herald,  Sept.  21,  1844. 

Surgeons'  Physicians'  and  Dentists'  Instruments  of  every 
variety  on  hand  and  for  sale  by  Dr.  Wright,  Dentist,  76  Su- 
perior St.,  Arrangements  have  been  made  with  Peter  Rose,  the 
manufacturer,  so  that  any  new  pattern  may  be  had  on  short 
notice.  Also  old  instruments  carefully  repaired.  All  orders 
from  a  distance  attended  to  promptly.  All  useful  operations 
connected  with  Dental  Surgery  attended  to  as  usual,  and  for 
a  reasonable  compensation.  This  "ad"  is  accompanied  with  a 
picture  showing  a  lancet,  bistoury,  trephine  and  turnkey.  First 
"  ad "  of  the  kind  the  writer  has  seen  here. 

Herald,  Nov.  13,  1844. 
B.  B.  Hastings,  Jeweler.     Teeth  Brushes,  same  "ad"  Dec, 

^^^'^'  ^^''-  Herald,  Dec.  17,  1844. 

Teeth. — Stockton's  Incorruptible  Teeth.  Also  Tin  and  Gold 
Foil  for  Dentists,  for  sale  by  H.  &  E.  Gaylord.  Same  "ad" 
Jan.  4,  1845.  Herald,  Feb.  5,  1845. 

W.  Bailey,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentist,  attends  to  all 
operations  connected  with  his  profession  at  No.  115  Superior 
St.,  opposite  the  Temperance  House.  Same  "ad"  runs  rest  of 
the  year,  and  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  l'^46. 


112  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Herald,  Mar.  4,  1845. 
Allebasis  Toothache  Drops,  25  cents  act  like  a  charm.     H. 
&  E.  Gaylord.     Same  "ad"  rest  of  the  year. 

Herald,  Mar.  26,  1845. 
Tooth  Forceps,  Tooth  Keys.    Mackensie  &  Haskell.    Sign  of 
the  Arch,  Phoenix  Buildings. 

Herald,  Apr.  22,  1845. 
For  the  Teeth. — Dr.  Ware's  Tooth  Powder,  German  Denti- 
frice, Rose  Tooth  Paste,  Tooth  Brushes  assorted,  Anti-Scorbutic 
Tooth  Powder,  Chlorine  and  Orris  Tooth  Wash  an  elegant  pre- 
paration for  the  Teeth,  Mouth  and  Gums,  removing  the  smell 
and  taste  of  Tobacco,  etc.,  for  sale  by  Handerson  &  Punderson. 

Herald,  Oct.  27,  1845. 

W.  Bailey,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentist,  attends  to  all 
operations  connected  with  his  profession,  over  Sackett's  Drug 
Store,  three  doors  west  of  the  square.  Double  Sets  of  Teeth  in- 
serted by  Cylinder  attachments.  In  introducing  this  method 
to  the  notice  of  those  requiring  full  sets.  W.  B.  has  full  confi- 
dence in  saying  the  improvement  combines  many  important  ad- 
vantages over  any  arrangement  of  springs.  All  irritation  con- 
sequent upon  the  spring's  friction  against  the  muscles  in  their 
vicinity,  heretofore  a  source  of  much  trouble,  is  by  this  method 
entirely  avoided,  the  set  is  made  more  durable  and  less  compli- 
cated, and  is  worn  with  every  desirable  ease  and  comfort,  ample 
proofs  of  which  have  been  made  by  him  in  his  recent  practice. 
Any  minor  sets  inserted  and  teeth  filled  in  the  best  manner, 
specimens  of  the  Artificial  pieces  can  be  seen  at  his  rooms  as 
above.  (Picture  of  a  man  with  a  bandage  over  his  head  and 
jaw,  and  his  hand  up  to  his  mouth).  Same,  1846,  Jan.,  Feb., 
Mar.,  Apr.  Same  "ad"  Weekly  Times,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec,  and 
Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  1846. 

Herald,  Nov.  11,  1845. 

Drs.  Wright  and  Hamlen,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Den- 
tists, have  formed  a  co-partnership,  and  will  perform  all  use- 
ful operations  in  the  best  manner  and  at  reasonable  terms.  Sur- 
geons' and  Dentists'  Instruments  for  sale  unusually  cheap.  Of- 
fice, 94  Superior  St.  (Pictures  of  lancet,  bistoury,  turnkey, 
trephine).     Same,  Jan.,  1846. 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Clevei.and  113 

Herald,  Dec.  20,  1845. 
A  few  cases  of  Dental  Instruments,  also  pocket  cases.  Scari- 
fiers,  Spring  and   Thumb  Lancets.      Handerson  &   Punderson. 

(Same  Jan.,  1846). 

'  Herald,  Jan.  2,  1846. 

Drs.  Wright  &  Hamlen   (name  and  address),  Jan.  2  until 

Nov.,   29,  when  they  dissolved  partnership,  then   Wright  and 

White  begins  Mar.,  22,  1847  and  runs  rest  of  year. 

Herald,  Jan.  2,  1846. 
B.   Strickland,   Surgeon   Dentist  and  Manufacturer  of  In- 
corruptible Teeth,   107   Superior  St.     Same  "ad"  rest  of  the 

year  and  through  1847.  ,_      ,,     -,        ^.    ^aAn 

^  *^  Herald,  Jan.  14,  1846. 

A  supply  of  Turnkeys  with  Clark  and  Fox's  spring-bolt. 

Ivory  and  Ebony  Handles,   also   Tooth   Hooks,   Forceps,   Gum 

Lancets,  etc.     Handerson  &  Punderson. 

Herald,  Jan.  17,  1846. 

William  E.  Rose,  Cutler  and  manufacturer  of  Surgical  and 
Dental  Instruments.  Merchants'  Exchange,  Superior  St.  W. 
E.  R.  would  respectfully  inform  the  citizens  of  Cleveland  and 
vicinity,  and  also  the  Medical  and  Dental  professions  that  he 
has  opened  an  establishment  for  the  manufacturing  and  repair- 
ing of  Surgical  and  Dental  Instruments  and  Cutlery.  Instru- 
ments for  Club-Feet,  Diseases  of  the  Spine,  Wry  Neck,  etc., 
made  to  order.  Particular  attention  paid  to  repairing  Razors, 
Shears,  Knives,  Scissors,  etc.  Same  "ad"  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr. 
and  the  picture  with  it  is  the  same  as  the  one  used  by  Wright 
and  Hamlen,  Dentists. 

Herald,  Mar.   28,   1846. 

Singing  School. — F.  S.  Slosson  will  commence  another 
course  of  Primary  Instruction  in  Vocal  Music  at  the  Lecture 
Room  of  the  Stone  Church  on  Monday,  the  16th  inst.  at  7 
o'clock  P.  M.  Will  also  give  instruction  to  an  advanced  class 
at  that  place  commencing  on  Tuesday  the  17th  inst.  at  7  o'clock 
P.  M.,  to  which  persons  who  have  received  instruction  in  the 
first  principles  of  Music,  will  be  admitted.  Those  wishing  in- 
struction in  either  class,  are  invited  to  attend  at  the  commence- 
ment. Terms,  12  lessons,  one  evening  in  a  week,  $1.  Same 
"ad"  Mar.  16,  17,  23. 


114  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Herald,  Apr.  25,  1846. 
F.  S.  Slosson,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentist,  will  per- 
form all  operations  connected  with  his  profession,  in  the  most 
approved  style  of  eastern  cities.  Full  sets  of  Teeth  inserted 
on  double  or  single  plate  by  atmospheric  pressure,  or  by  cylin- 
der attachment,  which  secures  against  the  irritation  often  ex- 
perienced with  the  usual  method  of  attaching  springs.  Minor 
sets  inserted,  and  teeth  filled  in  the  best  manner.     Office,  No. 

115  Superior  St.,  3  doors  west  of  the  Public  Square.  Same, 
May,  June,  Ju.,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.  to  Nov.  3,  when  he  took  James 
C.  Aiken  as  a  partner,  and  their  card  runs  until  Apr.  26,  1847, 
after  this  and  for  rest  of  the  year,  only  F.  S.  Slosson. 

F.  S.  Slosson 's  ''ad"  has  a  picture  of  six  front  teeth  on  a 
narrow  gold  plate  with  a  clasp  at  each  end,  and  a  hole,  behind 
each  central  incisor,  containing  a  ligature.  Same  June,  July, 
Aug. 

Herald,  May  16,  1846. 

Drs.  Wright  and  Hamlen,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Den- 
tists, are  prepared  to  furnish  with  promptness  and  despatch 
anything  in  the  line  of  Dental  Surgery,  from  a  Toothpick  up  to 
a  full  set  of  Mineral  Teeth  mounted  on  Gold  Plate,  in  the  latest 
and  most  approved  styles  of  the  Old  and  New  World,  and  on 
reasonable  terms.  Office,  95  Superior  St.,  up  stairs,  with  this  is 
a  picture  of  an  upper  and  under  set  of  teeth  fastened  with 
springs,  and  on  each  side  of  this  picture,  is  a  picture  of  a  molar 
tooth.     Same  ''ad"  June,  July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct. 

Herald,  Sept.  4,  1846. 
Dentists'  Burrs,  Drills,  and  Excavators.    A  good  supply  of 
W.  E.  Rose's  manufacture  always  on  hand  at  Wm.  Fiske,  Drug- 
gist, 11  Superior  St. 

Herald,  Nov.  3,  1846. 

F.  S.  Slosson  and  J.  C.  Aiken,  Surgical  and  Mechanical 
Dentists  will  perform  all  operations  connected  with  their  pro- 
fession in  the  most  approved  style  of  eastern  cities.  Full  sets 
of  teeth  inserted  on  double  or  single  plate  by  atmospheric  pres- 
sure, or  by  cylinder  attachment,  which  secures  against  the  irri- 
tation often  experienced  in  the  usual  method  of  attaching 
springs.    Minor  sets  inserted,  and  teeth  with  exposed  nerves  pre- 


History  ok   Dentistry  in  Cleveland  115 

pared  and  filled  in  the  best  manner  without  i)ain.     Irrej^ulari- 

ties  of  the  teeth  attended  to  with  care.     Office,   135   Superior 

St.,  3  doors  west  of  the  square.  ^t      i  i    v^        or-    -.o.r. 

'  ^  Herald,  Nov.  27,  1846. 

Dr.  Wright  Surgeon  Dentist,  No.  9-4  Superior  St.  Will  re- 
ceive calls  at  all  hours  day  or  night,  and  perform  all  useful  oper- 
ations with  as  little  pain  and  on  as  reasonable  terms  as  any  one 
who  understands  the  profession.  Teeth  in  double  or  single  sets 
on  Gold  or  Silver,  by  single,  double  or  triple  atmospheric  pres- 
sure, or  any  number  of  teeth  the  case  may  require,  inserted  in 
a  manner  not  to  be  surpassed  by  any  one  East  or  West,  all 
operations  warranted  to  answer  the  purposes  recommended  at 
the  time.  The  connection  heretofore  existing  between  M.  L. 
Wright  and  S.  L.  Hamlen  is  by  mutual  consent  dissolved. 

N.  B. — Anyone  wishing  to  have  teeth  plugged  with  ex- 
posed nerves,  who  will  call  on  him  can  be  accommodated  pro- 
vided he  cannot  satisfy  them  of  the  unutility  of  the  operation. 
Same  "ad"  Dec,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  1847,  and  Plain  Dealer,  Jan. 

12    1847 

'  Herald,  Dec.  4,  1846. 

Dentists  supplied  with  Stockton's  Plate,  Pivot  and  Gum 
Teeth,  and  Gold  and  Tin  Foils  of  superior  quality.  H.  &  E. 
Gaylord.     Same  "ad"  Jan.,  1847.     Similar  "ad"  Aug.  1,  1848. 

Plain  Dealer,  Jhu.  5,  1847. 

Hunt's  Liniment  cures  Neuralgia  and  Toothache. 

Herald,  Jan.  30,  1847. 
Great  Discovery. — Inhalation  of  Sulphuric  Aether.  Dr. 
M.  L.  Wright  would  announce  to  the  public  that  he  has  discov- 
ered that  the  inhalation  of  Sulphuric  Aether  will  render  the 
human  system  insensible  to  pain ;  so  that  surgical  operations 
can  be  performed  without  the  usual  suffering  of  the  patient. 
The  inhaling  process  is  not  attended  with  any  danger  or  much 
inconvenience  to  the  individual  using  it,  if  administered  judic- 
iously, or  by  one  acquainted  with  medical  science  and  practice. 
The  use  of  this  agent  is  particularly  serviceable  in  the  extrac- 
tion of  teeth,  as  the  subscribers  patients  can  testify.  The  pub- 
lic are  invited  to  call  and  test  the  reliability  of  this  discovery 
at  64  Superior  St.,  where  as  usual,  all  useful  dental  operations 
are  performed.  Same  "ad"  Feb.  and  Plain  Dealer,  Feb.  9, 
1847. 


116  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Herald,  Jan.  30,  1847. 
No  Pain. — Morton's  Letheon,  under  the  influence  of  which 
hundreds  have  had  teeth  extracted  and  other  painful  operations 
performed  without  suffering  pain,  is  received  by  Dr.  Strickland. 
Feb.  5.  Those  who  doubt  the  efficacy  or  safety  of  the  Letheon, 
originally  invented  by  Dr.  Morton  of  Boston,  and  now  used  by 
Dr.  Strickland,  are  referred  to  Dr.  Terry. 

Herald,  Feb.  11,  1847. 
To  Medical  Students. — The  undersigned  offers  to  Medical 
Students  a  variety  of  Surgical  Instruments.  Such  as  Pocket  and 
Dissecting  Cases,  Teeth  Extractors,  Dental  Cases,  Lancets,  In- 
jecting   apparatus,    etc.,  very    cheap    for  cash.     Handerson  & 

Punderson.  ,_      ,,    ,^       _    ^q.- 

Herald,  Mar.  5,  1847. 

Dentistry. — Wright  and  White. — Dr.  Wright  has  associ- 
ated with  himself  D.  C.  White  for  the  purpose  of  practicing 
Dental  Surgery  at  the  old  stand,  94  Superior  St.,  where  all 
operations  connected  with  dentistry  will  be  performed  in  the 
best  possible  manner,  and  on  reasonable  terms. 

N.  B. — We  continue  to  extract  teeth  for  those  who  desire 
it  without  pain  by  administering  Sulphuric  Aether,  vulgarly 
called  "Morton's  Letheon."  M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D.,  D.  C.  White. 
Same  "ad"  Apr.,  May,  June,  July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec, 
Jan.  3,  1848,  has  a  picture  of  an  upper  denture.  Their  "card" 
appears  all  the  year  1848  and  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  1850. 

Herald,  Oct.  26,  1847. 
I  have  returned  to  my  old  stand  11  Superior  St.,  where  I 
shall  be  happy  to  see  my  friends  and  all  who  wish  to  purchase 
Drugs,   Groceries,   Oils,  Dental  Instruments,   Stockton's   Teeth, 
Gold  and  Tin  Foil,  etc.     Wm.  Fiske,  Sign  of  the  Gold  Mortar. 
Weekly  Plain  Dealer,  Oct.  20,  1847.  ' 
Gold  and  Tin  Foil,  Dentists'  Instruments.   Wm.  Fiske,  No. 
11  Superior  St.,  same  Dec.    Similar  "ad"  1848  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar., 
Apr.,  May,  June,  July,  Aug.,  in  Plain  Dealer. 

Herald,  Nov.  16,  1847. 
Harris'  Dental  Surgery.     A  new  edition  revised  modified 
and  greatly  enlarged,  with  156  illustrations  for  sale  by  M.  C. 
Youn  glove. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  117 

Herald,  Jan.  3,  1848. 
F.  S.  Slosson,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentist,  will  per- 
form all  operations  connected  with  his  profession  in  the  most  ap- 
proved style  of  eastern  cities.  Full  sets  of  Teeth  inserted  on 
double  or  single  plate  by  atmospheric  pressure,  or  by  cylinder 
attachment  which  secures  against  the  irritation  often  experi- 
enced in  the  usual  method  of  attaching  springs.  Elinor  sets  in- 
serted and  teeth  with  exposed  nerves  prepared  and  filled  in  the 
best  manner  without  pain.  Irregularities  of  the  teeth  attended 
to  with  care.  Office,  135  Superior  St.  Same  May  15  shows  pic- 
ture of  upper  denture.  "Ad"  runs  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec,  1849, 
during  the  year;  1850  during  the  year,  with  office,  Superior  St., 
corner  Public  Square.  1851,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  May,  June. 
1852,  for  the  year.     1853-4-5,  practically  all  the  time. 

Herald,  Jan.  3,  1848. 

$10  Reward. — I  will  give  ten  dollars  for  such  information 
as  shall  lead  to  the  conviction  of  the  person  or  persons  who 
pulled  out  and  carried  away  my  Silver  Plated  Bell  Handle, 
from  my  office  door,  about  two  weeks  since,  during  my  absence 
from  home.     B.  Strickland. 

Herald,  Jan.  23,  1848. 

Dr.  P.  A.  Westervelt,  Mesmeric  and  Electro-Magnetic  Phy- 
sician, late  of  Pittsburg,  informs  the  people  of  Cleveland  he 
can  cure  Rheumatism,  Gout,  Deafness,  Neuralgia,  Toothache 
and  everything  else.     Same  Apr.  May. 

Plain  Dealer,  Mar.  14,  1848. 
A  Fine  Set  of  Teeth  for  25  cents.  White  Teeth,  Foul  Breath 
and  Healthy  Gums,  Yellow  and  Unhealthy  Teeth,  after  using 
once  or  twice  cleaned  with  Jones'  Amber  Tooth  Paste  have  the 
appearance  of  the  most  beautiful  ivory,  and  at  the  same  time 
it  is  so  perfectly  innocent  and  exquisitely  fine.  Those  already 
decayed,  it  prevents  from  decaying  more — it  fastens  those  which 
are  loose.     Handerson  and  Punderson.     Same  Apr.,  May. 

Herald,  July  10,  1848. 
Dental  Depot. — A  large  stock  of  Stockton 's  Best  Teeth,  Ab- 
bey's  Foils,  Stockton's  Foils,  Stubbs'  Files,  Forceps  of  the  most 
approved  patterns  and  manufacture — and  in  short — all  articles 


118  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

used  by  the  profession,  constantly  kept  on  hand  at  Fiske's  Drug 
Store.  Think  this  is  first  time  the  term  Dental  Depot  was  used 
here  . 

Herald,  Aug.  7,  1848. 

To  the  Public. — M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D.,  takes  great  pleasure 
in  informing  his  patrons  and  the  community  generally,  that  he 
has  discovered  a  combination  for  "Artificial  Gums"  free  from 
the  objections  of  the  old  plan  of  gum  teeth  in  blocks  which  is 
now  universally  exploded  by  our  oldest  and  best  Dentists  in 
this  countr}^  and  Europe  for  good  reasons.  It  is  also  free  from 
the  objections  of  Gum  Teeth  placed  singly  on  a  plate.  The 
above  article  can  be  used  in  all  cases  where  Gum  teeth  are  re- 
quired, making  a  fit  so  perfect  as  to  prevent  the  lodgement  of 
any  foreign  matter;  he  has  also  on  hand,  and  will  use  when  ad- 
visable, Hill's  Stopping  which  bids  fair  to  supersede  all  plastic 
fillings.  Office,  91  Superior  St.,  "Ad"  has  picture  of  upper 
denture. 

Herald,  Dec.  20,  1848. 

A.  D.  Bigelow,  Dentist,  would  respectfully  inform  the  citi- 
zens of  Cleveland  and  vicinit3%  that  he  has  opened  an  office  on 
Superior  St.,  No.  113,  where  he  is  prepared  to  perform  all  oper- 
ations for  the  preservation,  beautifying  and  supplying  lost 
Teeth,  from  one  to  whole  sets  in  the  very  best  manner.  Satis- 
factory reference  can  be  given.  "Ad"  has  picture  of  upper 
denture,  and  runs  all  Jan.,  1849. 

Herald,  Dec.  27,  1848. 

A  Rare  Chance  for  Dentists. — For  Sale — on  reasonable 
terms,  a  complete  and  beautiful  case  of  Dental  Instruments, 
containing  different  sets  of  improved  Forceps,  Fillers,  Scalers, 
Drills,  Excavators,  Teeth,  Foil,  etc.  Also  a  self-regulating  Lamp 
for  soldering,  melting  casts,  etc.  The  case  contains  everything 
necessary  for  a  dental  operator.  The  Instruments  can  be  seen 
at  No.  1,  up  stairs,  Seneca  Block. 

Herald,  Jan.  9,  1849. 

Robinson  and  Ingersoll,  Dentists,  would  respectfully  in- 
form the  citizens  of  Cleveland  and  vicinity  that  they  have 
opened  an  office  and  are  prepared  to  perform  all  operations  for 
the  preservation  of  the  Teeth  in  the  best  possible  manner.  In 
addition   to  the   ordinary   operations  of  Dentistry  they  manu- 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  119 

facture  Mineral  Teeth  in  blocks,  with  artificial  gums,  and  are 
thereby  enabled  to  supply  any  deficiency,  however  difficult, 
from  a  single  tooth  to  a  full  set,  which  they  could  not  do  were 
they  under  the  necessity  of  purchasing  their  teeth.  Ladies  and 
Gentlemen  respectfully  invited  to  call  and  examine  the  Speci- 
mens of  Teeth.  Also  those  who  wish  will  be  referred  to  indi- 
viduals in  this  city  and  elsewhere  who  have  tested  their  work 
for  years,  79  Superior  St.,  over  Watsons.  Wm.  B.  Ingersoll,  B. 
F.  Robinson.     Same,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  ]\Iay,  June,  July. 

Fiske  and  Hall,  Druggists.  Dental  Forceps,  Scalers.  Plug- 
gers,  Excavators,  Teeth  and  Foils.  Sign  of  the  Golden  ]\Iortar. 
Same  Mar.,  Apr.,  May. 

Herald,  May  16,  1849. 

Important  Discovery  in  Dentistry. — To  Dentists  and  those 
wishing  Artificial  Teeth.  M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D.,  has  purchased 
the  entire  right  to  use  plate  and  vend  Dr.  Levett's  Patent 
Enameled  Plates,  which  patent  is  secured  by  caveat  in  the  secret 
archives  of  the  Patent  Office.  From  numerous  recommendations 
contained  in  a  circular  put  forth  by  the  inventor  we  take  the 
following:  from  Prof.  James  R.  Chilton,  "I  have  knowledge  of 
the  composition  of  Dr.  Levett's  Patent  colored  Enamel  for  cov- 
ering the  surface  of  Gold  or  other  metal  plates  to  be  worn  in 
the  mouth,  and  can  recommend  it  to  the  attention  of  those  in- 
terested, both  for  its  beauty  and  durability.  James  R.  Chilton, 
M.  D. 

New  York,  Oct.  20,  1848. 

Having  seen  the  enamel  patented  by  Dr.  Levett  for  the 
metal  plates,  clasps  and  springs  used  in  dentistry  for  securing 
teeth,  etc.  I  very  cheerfully  certify  to  the  satisfaction  it  has 
afforded  me,  and  the  great  merit  which  this  agreeable  and 
beautiful  improvement  possesses.  Isaac  Greenwood,  Retired 
Dentist,  No.  81  Murray  Street. 

New  York,  Jan.  4,  1849. 

The  undersigned  after  twelve  months  test  of  the  new  Pat- 
ent Enamel  of  Dr.  Levett  of  No.  260  Broadway,  New  York,  has 
no  hesitation  in  giving  publicity  to  his  entire  satisfaction  as  to 
its  results  both  as  regards  purity  of  taste,  comfort  and  general 
effect  produced  by  this  admirable  and  truly  valuable  discovery. 
D.  Symons,  221  Mercer  St. 


120  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Hartford,  Courant,  Oct.  12,  1848. 
The  great  discovery  of  the  Celebrated  Dr.  Levett.  The  im- 
provement conceals  all  appearance  of  the  metal  about  the  arti- 
ficial teeth,  which  is  sometimes  unsightly.  The  metal  portions 
are  delicately  concealed  by  a  patent  enamel  of  a  natural  color, 
Avhich  not  only  gives  a  beautiful  finish  to  the  teeth,  but  entirely 
removes  that  unpleasant  and  sometimes  unwholesome  metallic 
taste  which  the  metal  imparts.  This  invention  excites  a  good 
deal  of  interest,  and  no  lady  or  gentleman  after  testing  it  will 
consent  to  have  their  mouths  disfigured  in  the  old  style.  Speci- 
mens may  be  seen  at  my  office,  No.  91  Superior  St.,  where  I  at 
all  times  will  be  glad  to  enamel  old  or  new  jobs  on  reasonable 
terms.  I  will  sell  for  this  county  a  few  Office  Licenses.  Same, 
June,  July,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dee.  1850,  Jan.,  Feb.  Picture  of 
upper  denture,  horseshoe  form,  Mar.,  Apr.  His  "card"  appears 
for  rest  of  year  and  for  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  1851. 

Herald,  Aug.  23,  1849. 

B.  F.  Robinson,  Surgeon  Dentist  and  Manufacturer  of 
Mineral  Teeth,  has  taken  rooms  in  the  building  on  the  corner  of 
Superior  and  Bank  Streets,  and  is  prepared  to  perform  all 
operations  for  the  preservation  of  the  natural,  or  insertion  of 
artificial  teeth  in  the  best  possible  manner.  Picture  of  upper 
denture,  horse-shoe  form  Sept.,  1850,  for  the  year,  1851,  for  first 
six  months. 

Plain  Dealer,  Nov.  27,  1849. 

A.  D.  Bigelow,  Dentist,  has  removed  his  office  to  the  corner 
of  Superior  and  Bank  Streets,  where  he  will  be  permanently 
located,  and  is  prepared  to  perform  all  operations  in  Dentistry 
in  the  verj^  latest  and  most  approved  manner.  (Picture  of  up- 
per denture,  horseshoe  form). 

Herald,  Mar.  6,  1850. 

Benjamin  Pearce,  Surgeon  Dentist,  office  with  Dr.  F.  S. 
Slosson,  cornei'  Superior  St.  and  Public  Square.  Same,  prac- 
tically rest  of  year.     1851,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar. 

Herald,  Nov.  21,  1850. 
Cloth,  Tooth  and  Horse  Brushes— A.  M.  Beebe.    Tooth  Nail 
and  Hair  Brushes,  Cowles  &  Albertson. 


ITiST(jRy  OP  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  121 

Herald,  Nov.  2o,  1850. 

Dental  Instruments,  Gold  and  Silver  Plate,  Gold  and  Tin 

Foil,  Stone  and  Emery  Wheels,  Teeth  and  many  other  articles 

useful  to  the  profession.     Fiske  and  Hall.      (Same  Dec.   1851, 

May,  June.     1852,  Jan.,  has  picture  of  forceps  and  ])l(>\v-pipe). 

Herald,  Dee.  24,  1850. 
Dentists'  and  Surgeons'  Instruments,  Teeth,  Gold  and  Tin 
Foil,  a  large  assortment.    H.  &  E.  Gaylord.     (Same,  Feb.,  Apr., 

-^^^^'  Herald,  Jan.  8,  1852. 

Important  Improvement  in  Artificial  Teeth.  Dr.  Strick- 
land having  obtained  the  exclusive  right  to  use  Dr.  Allen's  im- 
proved mode  of  setting  teeth  upon  metallic  plates,  in  the  county 
of.  Cuyahoga,  is  now  prepared  to  insert  teeth  in  a  style  believed 
to  be  far  superior  to  any  before  known.  The  advantages  claimed 
for  this  new  invention  are :  great  strength,  improved  appear- 
ance, perfect  cleanliness  and  the  absence  of  impure  solder.  The 
teeth  are  secured  to  the  plate  by  a  strong  cement  which  forms  a 
very  perfect  and  durable  imitation  of  the  gum,  and  prevents 
fluids  from  entering  between  the  plate  and  the  teeth.  Teeth 
made  with  this  improvement  are  as  free  from  unpleasant  taste 
as  healthy  natural  teeth.  Those  in  want  of  teeth  are  invited  to 
see  specimens  at  the  rooms,  125  Superior  St.  (Picture  of  upper 
denture  horse-shoe  form  rest  of  year,  and  most  of  1853). 

Herald,  Jan.  8,  1852. 
B.  F.  Robinson,  Dentist,  is  happy  to  inform  his  friends  aiid 
the  public  that  he  has  recently  associated  with  him,  Dr.  N.  H. 
Ambler,  late  of  Burlington,  Vt.  Dr.  Ambler  has  had  ten  years 
experience  in  the  profession  and  the  public  are  assured  that  all 
operations  performed  by  him  will  be  done  in  the  most  substan- 
tial manner.  We  are  in  possession  of  all  the  important  improve- 
ments in  the  dental  art,  and  are  now  prepared  to  perform  all 
operations  for  the  preservation  for  the  natural  or  insertion  of 
artificial  teeth  in  a  maner  that  for  beauty  or  finish  and  sub- 
stantial workmanship  cannot  be  equaled  in  the  state  of  Ohio. 
In  addition  to  the  ordinary  operations  of  dentistry,  we  manu- 
facture Mineral  Teeth,  a  department  of  dentistry  known  to  but 
three  or  four  in  Northern  Ohio,  two  of  whom  have  learned  the 


122  History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

art  of  a  member  of  this  firm.  Having  experimented  with  miieli 
labor  in  the  manufacture  of  teeth,  we  have  succeeded  by  a  new 
combination  of  material  in  getting  rid  of  the  glassy  or  artificial 
look  so  common  to  porcelain  teeth,  and  have  brought  them  to 
that  state  of  perfection  that  they  cannot  be  detected  from  the 
natural  ones,  individuals  wishing  whole  or  parts  of  sets  are 
respectfully  invited  to  call  and  examine  specimens.  Office  Mer- 
chants' Bank  Building,  corner  Superior  and  Bank  streets. 
(Same  rest  of  year,  with  picture  of  upper  denture  horse-shoo 
form,  1853  first  five  months  and  Plain  Dealer,  Apr.,  May,  June, 
July,  1852). 

Herald,  Aug.  19,  1852. 
H.  H.  Raymond's  Medallion  Tooth  Wash.  For  Whitening 
the  Teeth,  sweetening  the  breath,  hardening  the  gums.  Cleans- 
ing the  mouth  from  all  unpleasant  taste.     C.  W.  Amburger  & 
Co.     Sole  Agents  25  John   St.,  N.  Y.,    (Same  Nov.) 

Herald,  Apr.  20,  1852. 
Among  premiums  offered  at  the  Ohio  State  Fair,  held  here 
in  Sept.,  was  a  silver  medal  for  the  best  set  of  Dental  Instru- 
ments.    Awarding  com..    Dr.  R.  Thompson,    Columbus ;    Isaac 
Sams,  Highland  Co.;  N.  E.  Crittenden,  Cleveland. 

Herald,  Nov.  15,  1852. 

Dr.  I.  Lukens,  Surgeon  Dentist,  late  of  the  city  of  Phila- 
delphia, respectfully  informs  his  friends  and  the  citizens  of 
Cleveland  and  vicinity  that  he  has  located  himself  at  No.  9,  On- 
tario St.,  South  of  Euclid,  where  he  may  be  found  ready  to 
serve  those  favoring  him  in  his  line  of  Business  in  which  his  past 
experience  he  thinks  will  guarantee  satisfaction.  (Same  Dec. 
with  picture  of  upper  denture  horse-shoe  form,  1853  all  the 
year). 

Herald,  Dec.  2,  1852. 

H.  P.  Burdick,  a  practical  Dentist  of  many  years  experi- 
ence is  located  at  74  Prospect  St.,  where  he  will  attend  to  calls 
in  his  profession.  Cavities  filled  with  Tin  Foil,  25  cents  each; 
Gold  Foil,  50  cents  to  $3  each.  Teeth  set  on  Pivots,  $2.  Ex- 
tracting with  the  latest  improved  Forceps  and  in  the  safest 
manner,  25  cents.  A  sample  set  of  teeth  on  Gold  Plate  can 
be    seen    and    examined.      Constantly  on  hand  a  Tooth  Wash 


PTiSTORY  OF  Dextistry  IX  Clevei^axd  123 

which  neutralizes  the  aieds  of  the  ]Mouth,  hardens  the  Gums, 
thus  giving  a  polish  to  the  Teeth  and  sweetness  to  the  hreath. 
(Same  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  1853,  with  picture  of  upper  denture 
horse-shoe  form. 

Herald,  Dec.  3,  1853. 
Bain  and  Brinckerhoff,   Surgical   and  Dental   Instruments, 
No.  7,  Piatt  St.,  N.  y. 

Herald,  Feb.  22,  1854. 
J.  Davis,  Dentist,  Xo.  1,  Mathew's  Block,  South  side  Public 
Square,  opposite  the  Court  House.    Eeferences,  Profs.  J.  &  J.  J. 
Delamater.      (Same  Mar.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec,  with  picture  of  up- 
per denture  horse-shoe  form). 

Herald,  Oct.  2,  1854. 
Dr.  B.  F.  Eobinson  in  returning  thanks  to  his  friends  and 
patrons  in  Cleveland  and  vicinity  for  the  liberal  patronage  he 
has  received  during  his  residence  in  this  city  would  give  notice 
that  he  has  recently  associated  with  him,  his  brother  Dr.  J.  A. 
Robinson,  from  Mass.,  a  Dentist  of  skill  and  ability,  and  Dr.  B. 
T.  Spelman,  of  Ravenna,  well  known  as  a  successful  operator 
in  Portage  Co.,  and  have  taken  the  name  of  Robinson  Spelman 
and  Robinson.  Having  established  a  manufactory  of  mineral 
teeth  in  connection  with  their  Dental  Establishment  they  feel 
sure  they  can  give  a  more  natural  appearance  to  artificial  work 
than  has  ever  been  exhibited  in  Cleveland  or  Ohio.  Particular 
attention  paid  to  plugging  carious  teeth,  so  as  to  render  them 
permanent  and  useful  for  many  years.  Also  all  irregularities 
in  children's  teeth  made  perfect  so  that  every  child  can  be  sure 
of  a  beautiful  and  even  set  of  teeth.  Office  in  Northrop  and 
Spangler's  Block,  corner  Superior  and  Seneca  streets.  (Same 
Nov.,  Dec.) 

Herald,  Jan.  11,  1855. 
Dr.  N.  H.  Ambler,  Dentist,  formerly  of  the  firm  of  Robin- 
son and  Ambler,  has  opened  an  office  for  the  practice  of  Den- 
tistry in  all  its  branches  in  the  rooms  recently  occupied  by 
Robinson  Spelman  and  Robinson,  corner  Superior  and  Seneca 
Streets.  (Same,  rest  of  year,  with  "cut"  of  upper  denture 
horse-shoe  form). 


124  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Herald,  Feb.  18,  1855. 
Williams  and    Buffett,    Dealers  in   Groceries,    Provisions, 
Willow  and  Wooden  Ware,  etc.,  113  Superior  St.    Packages  de- 
livered free  of  charge.     (Later  Charles  Buffett  practiced  den- 
tistry here). 

Herald,  Apr.,  24,  1855. 

Improvement  in  Dentistry.  A  manufactory  for  providing 
entire  sets  of  artificial  teeth  after  Dr.  Loomis'  improved  method 
is  now  established  in  this  city.  By  this  plan  a  set  is  composed 
of  but  one  piece  of  material — the  teeth  and  plate  are  all  the 
same.  The  superiority  of  this  method  is  very  apparent.  Those 
interested  are  invited  to  call  at  Loomis  and  Wright's  office,  190 
Lake  St.,  where  specimens  may  be  examined.  ("Cut"  of  upper 
denture  horse-shoe  form). 

On  May  1,  1855,  there  is  added  to  the  above:  To  the  Pub- 
lic—I have  for  the  last  year  watched  and  examined  with  care 
Dr.  Loomis'  new  mode  of  making  and  setting  artificial  teeth. 
The  teeth  and  plate  all  being  connected  and  of  the  same  ma- 
terial. Having  as  Surgeon  been  (from  necessity)  obliged  to 
know  much  of  the  previous  modes  of  making  and  setting  teeth, 
I  do  not  hesitate  to  state  that  this  invention  of  Dr.  L.'s  is  far 
superior  to  any  other  plan,  and  that  his  invention  will  soon  be 
considered  as  one  of  the  greatest  professional  improvements  of 
the  age.  This  statement  is  made  after  a  long  and  careful  in- 
vestigation of  the  matter,  and  observing  its  practical  utility. 
Given  at  Cleveland  Medical  College,  Apr.  23,  1855,  H.  A.  Ack- 
ley,  M.  D.,  Prof.  Surgery.  I  have  examined  quite  a  number  of 
the  entire  set  of  teeth,  together  with  gum  and  roof  of 
the  mouth,  being  one  solid  piece  of  porcelain,  the  whole  being 
beautifully  enameled  with  their  appropriate  colors.  The  teeth 
are  worn  with  great  comfort,  there  being  no  cavities  for  the 
lodgement  of  particles  of  food,  as  there  always  must  be  in  the 
old  method  of  gold  plate  setting,  however  well  it  may  be  exe- 
cuted. Among  the  many  advantages  are  cheapness,  durability, 
cleanliness  and  utility  in  masticating  food.  Dr.  M.  Loomis,  it 
will  be  recollected,  a  student  of  Dr.  Wright  in  1848,  and  after 
laboring  hard  to  bring  his  improvement  to  perfection,  obtain- 
ing letters  patent,  both  in  this  country  and  Europe,  remembered 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  125 

his  old  friend  and  preceptor,  and  gives  him  an  opportunity  to 
share  with  him  in  the  west.  T.  Garlick,  M.  D. 

(Same  with  "cut"  of  upper  denture  horse-shoe  form,  most 
of  June,  July,  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec,  and  most  of  1856,  and  Jan., 
Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  1857). 

Herald,  June,  1855. 

Duman  and  Halliwell,  Dental  Rooms  in  Mathews  Block,  op- 
posite Court  House.  E.  Duman,  Surgeon  Dentist.  A.  B.  Halli- 
well, M.  D.,  Surgeon  Dentist.  (Same  July,  Sept.,  Oct.,  with 
"cut"  of  an  upper  denture  of  natural  teeth.  Think  it  is  first 
time  cut  of  natural  teeth  has  appeared  here. 

Herald,  July  16,  1855. 

Dentists'  Goods. — Teeth  Plate  and  Foils,  and  a  complete 
stock  of  Dental  Instruments,  Bench  Tools,  etc.,  for  sale  by  W. 
Fiske. 

Herald,  Oct.  2,  1855. 

D.  P.  Kayner,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  and  Dentist,  lately  from  the 
east,  is  prepared  to  give  his  personal  attention  to  all  operations 
in  Surgery  or  Dentistry  at  his  residence.  No.  80  Erie  St.,  near 
the  Lake.  Charges  reasonable — Terms  ready  pay.  (Same  in 
Nov). 

Herald,  Jan.  2,  1856. 

Dr.  J.  Allen  late  Professor  in  the  Ohio  College  Dental  Sur- 
gery invites  attention  to  his  improved  method  of  constructing 
Artificial  Dentures  which  contains  the  following  advantages : 
There  are  no  seams  or  crevices  for  the  lodgement  of  food.  An 
artificial  gum  which  is  as  firm  and  indestructible  as  the  teeth 
is  fused  at  a  high  heat  between  and  around  their  base.  Great 
strength  is  thus  obtained  by  uniting  gum,  teeth  and  plate.  A 
clear  and  distinct  articulation  of  speech  is  restored.  The  nat- 
ural form  and  expression  of  the  mouth  and  face  can  be  restored 
in  cases  where  they  have  become  sunken.  The  plates  usually 
employed  for  this  work  are  platina,  the  purity  of  which  pre- 
vents even  the  slightest  tarnish  or  unpleasant  taste  in  the  mouth. 
With  reference  to  the  utility  of  this  method,  numerous  testi- 
monials can  be  given  from  eminent  Dentists  in  the  various  parts 
of  the  Union.  Dr.  Allen  has  arrangements  by  which  he  is 
enabled  to   serve   persons  from  a  distance  immediately  on  ar- 


126  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

rival,  thereby  saving  expense.     J.  Allen,  No.  30  Bond  St.,  N.  Y. 

P.  S. — Persons  desiring  further  information  will  be  fur- 
nished with  a  pamphlet  free  of  postage  by  sending  a  note  with 
address  to  Dr.  Allen. 

Plain  Dealer,  Feb.  16,  1856. 

M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D.,  continues  to  practice  his  profession 
at  190  Lake  St.  Particular  attention  will  be  paid  to  the  teeth 
and  gums,  etc.  He  will  also  devote  part  of  his  time  to  the  gen- 
eral practice  of  medicine.  Hours  71/2  A.  M.  to  12  M.,  and  2 
to  5  P.  M.     (Same  Mar.,  Apr.,  May.) 

Herald,  Mar.  6,  1856. 

Dentistry. — The  Public  are  invited  to  examine  specimens 
of  a  new  and  useful  improvement  in  preparing  Artificial  Teeth 
which  for  the  following  reasons  are  considered  superior  to  any 
now  in  use.  They  will  bear  more  hard  use  in  the  mouth,  with- 
out the  liability  of  the  teeth  breaking  off  the  plate.  There  are 
no  joints  or  crevices  in  the  gum  or  between  the  teeth  and  plate 
for  the  lodgement  of  particles  of  food  or  secretions  of  the  mouth. 
They  will  not  corrode  or  become  offensive,  being  made  entirely 
of  porcelain  can  be  fitted  to  the  mouth  more  perfectly  than 
any  other  kind  of  work,  and  are  offered  much  cheaper  than 
the  usual  price  of  teeth  set  on  Gold  Plate.  They  were  patented 
in  Nov.,  1855,  by  B.  A.  Satterthwait,  of  Lima,  Allen  Co.,  0. 
Robinson  &  Brother  have  purchased  the  right  to  manufacture 
said  teeth.  Persons  requiring  whole  or  parts  of  sets,  and  who 
wish  to  procure  superior  work  can  consult  us  at  our  office, 
Rouse's  Block,  corner  Superior  St.  and  the  Public  Square.  J. 
A.  Robinson.  (Same,  rest  of  year,  and  Jan.,  Feb.,  1857).  B. 
F.  &  J.  A.  Robinson,  Rouse's  Block,  last  six  months  1856  and 
first  eight  months  1857. 

Plain  Dealer,  Jan.  10,  1856. 

A.  B.  Halliwell,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  Dentist.  Office  and  Dental 
Rooms  No.  1,  corner  Ontario  St.  and  Public  Square,  over  Tal- 
cott's  (Jeweler).  Dr.  H.  is  a  resident  of  this  city,  having  grad- 
uated at  the  Cleveland  ]\Iedical  College,  which  has  enabled  him 
to  understand  both  the  anatomy  and  pathology  of  the  mouth 
and  teeth  which  is  of  the  highest  importance  to  the  Dentist. 
He  has  also  in  connection  with  E.  Duman  inserted  271  teeth 


History  op  Dentistry  in  (.'leveland  127 

on  plates,  besides  filliny,  extraetiiig,  etc.,  during  the  last  twelve 
months  in  this  city.  Terms,  28  teeth  on  pure  Gold  Plate,  $65.00; 
28  teeth  on  fine  Silver  Plate,  $25.00.  Fillings  from  4  to  8  shil- 
lings with  fine  gold.  Inserting  Pivot  Teeth,  8  shillings  each. 
Similar  "ad"  next  five  months. 

Herald,  Apr.  24,  1856. 

W.  II.  Atkinson,  M.  D.,  No.  93  Superior  St.  Practices  in 
Dentistry,  Surgery  and  Office  Prescriptions  in  Medicine.  And 
will  be  pleased  to  see  old  or  new  patrons  and  friends.  (Same, 
rest  of  year,  and  first  9  months  1857).  Leader,  last  six  months 
1856. 

Leader,  July  4,  1856. 

E.  G.  Burger,  Dentist,  No.  113  Superior  St.,  Williams 
Block.  Operations  warranted  satisfactory.  (Same  rest  of  year, 
and  nine  months  of  1857). 

Leader,  July  10,  1856. 

William  Arnold  manufacturer  of  Surgical  and  Dental  In- 
struments, 25  Erie  St.,  (nearly  opposite  the  Medical  College), 
informs  the  Surgical  and  Dental  professions  that  he  manufac- 
tures to  order  and  keeps  on  hand  a  general  assortment  of  in- 
struments, all  of  which  he  will  sell  at  eastern  prices.  A  general 
assortment  of  porcelain  teeth  on  hand.  (Same  rest  year,  and 
first  four  months,  1857.) 

Leader,  Apr.  16,  1856. 

Dr.  J.  G.  Moore,  Dentist,  is  prepared  to  perform  all  oper- 
ations connected  with  improved  Dental  Surgery,  and  will  insert 
full  sets,  half  sets  and  partial  sets  of  true  Porcelain  Teeth, 
manufactured  by  M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D.,  of  this  city  and  will 
be  ready  to  receive  all  orders  from  a  distance,  etc.  Office,  13 
Ontario  St.,  two  doors  from  Stone  Church.  (Same  for  six 
months.) 

Herald,  Oct.  8,  1856. 

Improvement  in  Dental  Surgery.  M.  L.  Wright  &  Co.  are 
manufacturing  full  sets  and  Full  Half  Sets,  and  partial  sets 
of  teeth,  made  entirely  of  Porcelain  and  is  the  same  as  that  re- 
ferred to  by  Prof.  J.  L.  Cassels,  Chairman  of  the  committee  on 
chemicals,  and  the  product  of  chemical,  also  by  the  chairman 
of  the  Committee  on  Metals,  E.  T.  Sturtevant,  etc.,  in  which 
the  latter  says  that:  "The  prepared  material  from  which  our 


128  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

teeth  are  made  is  deserving  the  highest  commendation,"  and 
refers  to  Prof.  Cassel's  report  which  reads:  "Your  committee 
recommend  that  a  Diploma  be  awarded  to  M.  L.  Wirght,  M.  D., 
of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  for  the  best  specimen  of  porcelain  material 
prepared,  and  teeth  manufactured  from  the  same.  The  speci- 
mens of  teeth  both  full  and  partial  sets,  far  excel  in  beauty 
and  apparent  usefulness  anything  of  the  kind  we  have  seen, 
and  the  testimony  in  favor  of  their  utility,  etc.,  seems  to  be  of 
the  most  reliable  character.    Ohio  State  Fair,  1856. 

Our  Teeth,  Plate  and  all  are  made  from  one  solid  piece  of 
true  porcelain,  and  substitutes  a  porcelain  for  a  metallic  base. 
This  plan  was  patented  in  the  U.  S.,  May  2,  1854,  and  in  the 
following  Oct.  in  England  and  France,  as  will  be  seen  by  re- 
ferring to  the  Patent  Office  Eeports.  Therefore  we  say  anyone 
claiming  to  use  a  porcelain  base  similar  to  ours,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  D.  W.  Burrell  &  Co.,  Dr.  A.  Wells,  Dr.  Philips  and 
M.  L.  Wright  &  Co.,  in  either  the  South  or  West,  is  either  an 
infringement  or  an  imposition.  If  any  infringement,  they  will 
be  dealt  with  as  the  law  allows,  if  an  imposition  let  it  cure  itself. 
Our  teeth  were  not  entered  at  the  late  State  Fair  as  specimens 
of  Dentistry,  for  reasons  known  and  appreciated  by  the  Board 
of  the  State  Fair,  and  therefore  our  Diplomas  are  under  the 
above  heads.  Office,  No.  190  Lake  St.,  opposite  the  Marine  Hos- 
pital.    M.  L.  Wright  &  Co. 

(This  is  accompanied  by  testimonials  from  H.  A.  Ackley, 
M.  D.,  and  T.  Garlick,  M.  D.,  same  as  in  a  previous  "ad"). 

Herald,  Oct.  26,  1856. 
Dr.  Halliwell  continues  to  supply  the  loss  of  teeth  without 
Springs  or  Wires,  upon  a  new  system  of  self -adhesion,  and 
without  extracting  any  teeth  or  stumps  or  giving  any  pain  what- 
ever, at  the  following  charges :  Single  teeth,  $1.00.  Complete 
set,  $30.00.  Loose  teeth  fastened,  M^hether  arising  from  old  age, 
the  use  of  calomel,  or  neglect.  Dr.  H. 's  method  combines  all 
the  improvements  of  the  U.  S.  and  England.  Dental  Rooms 
over  Churchill's  Drug  Store.  (Same  Nov.,  Dec,  and  first  five 
months  1857,  and  similar  "ad"  Jan.,  Feb.,  Apr.,  June,  July, 
Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  1858. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  129 

Leader,  Jan.  5,  1857. 

Jones,  White  &  MeCurdy's,  Oram  &  Armstrong,  New  York 
Manufacturing  Company's  Teeth,  a  complete  assortment  of 
Dental  Instruments  and  Bench  Tools,  Block  Body,  Gum  Enamel, 
Silex,  Spar,  Platina  Wire,  Silver,  Platina  and  Gold  Plate,  Ash- 
mead's,  Abbey's  &  Kearsing's  Gold  and  Tin  Foils,  Hand  Wheels, 
Foot  Lathes,  etc.     Watts  Crystal  Gold.    W.  Fiske. 

(Same  rest  of  year,  also  year  1858). 

Leader,  Jan.  5,  1857. 
B.  A.  Halliwell,  M.  D.,  Dentist.     One  minute  on  your  Teeth, 
etc.    July,  Sept.,  Oct.,  and  Aug.,  1858,  same  as  "ad"  previously 
copied.     1858  it  is  Halliwell  &  Daniels,  also  Jan.,  1859,  and 
"Herald,"  June,  Aug.,  Nov.,  Dec,  1861,  Jan.,  1862. 

Leader,  Apr.  24,  1857. 
Burnett's  Oriental  Tooth  Wash  arrests  decay,  etc.     E.  W. 
Sackrider  &  C.  S.  McKenzie,  Druggists. 

Leader,  Apr.  28,  1857. 

Dr.  W.  P.  Horton  offers  his  professional  services,  etc.,  runs 

in  May,  June,  July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.    Similar  "ad"  "Herald," 

Sept.  3,  1861. 

Herald,  Apr.  27,  1857. 

Dr.  J.  G.  Moore,  Dentist,  is  prepared  to  perform  all  oper- 
ations connected  with  Improved  Dental  Surgery,  and  will  in- 
sert full  sets,  half  sets,  and  partial  sets  of  True  Porcelain  Teeth, 
manufactured  by  M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D.,  of  this  city,  and  will 
be  ready  to  receive  and  fill  orders  from  a  distance,  having  made 
arrangements  with  Dr.  Wright  for  the  same.  Specimens  of  my 
work  may  be  seen  at  my  office  or  at  Dr.  Wright's  Laboratory, 
office  at  my  residence  No.  13  Ontario  St.,  two  doors  north  of 
the  Stone  Church,  near  the  Public  Square.  (Same  May,  June, 
July).  Daily  Eeview  Mar.  4,  1858  notes  his  office  107  Superior 
St.,  wdth  Drs.  Dodge  &  Johnson. 

Herald,  May  6,  1857. 

The  firm  of  Strickland  and  Horton,  Dentists,  was  on  the 
sixth  day  of  Apr.,  1857,  dissolved  by  mutual  consent.  B.  Strick- 
land, W.  P.  Horton.  Dr.  W.  P.  Horton  (late  of  Strickland  & 
Horton)  offers  his  professional  services  to  the  citizens  of  Cleve- 


130  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

land  and  vicinity.  Having  had  many  years  experience  before 
associating  himself  with,  and  an  extensive  practice  during  four 
and  a  half  years  while  a  partner  of  Dr.  S.,  he  feels  confident 
that  he  can  please  the  most  fastidious.  His  Gold  Plate  he  man- 
ufactures himself  from  U.  S.  coin,  without  alloy.  This  makes  a 
quality  of  plate  so  fine  that  it  will  not  corrode  in  the  mouth, 
thus  avoiding  to  the  patient  the  necessity  of  a  daily  scouring  in 
order  to  keep  it  bright  and  clean,  and  teeth  used  are  from  the 
best  manufacturing  establishments  of  N.  Y.  and  Phila.  These 
with  the  requisite  skill  to  unite  them  cannot  fail  of  producing 
good  work,  and  will  give  as  good  satisfaction  as  any  that  can 
be  obtained  in  the  above  cities.  He  would  therefore  respect- 
fully refer  the  public  to  the  large  number  of  persons  in  this  city 
and  vicinity  now  wearing  sets  and  parts  of  sets  of  his  make,  and 
challenges  comparison,  in  point  of  comfort  to  the  'patient, 
beauty,  practical  utility  and  durability.  His  set  of  Instruments 
for  extracting  teeth  is  the  best  in  the  city.  His  Instruments 
for  Plugging  Teeth,  Removing  Salivary  Calculus,  and  Polishing 
naural  teeth  are  complete  and  in  perfect  order.  He  thus  flat- 
ters himself  that  he  can  perform  any  Operation  in  the  Line  of 
his  Profession,  whether  Surgical  or  Mechanical,  to  the  entire 
satisfaction  of  those  who  may  favor  him  with  their  patronage. 
Sets  of  teeth  made  at  the  old  prices,  and  other  charges  reason- 
able. He  has  opened  a  new  office  in  Chapin's  Block,  corijer  of 
Euclid  St.  and  Public  Square.  Entrance  from  Euclid  St.  at 
Chapin's  Hall.  (Same  May,  similar  June,  July,  Aug.,  Sept., 
Oct.)  Editorial  May  16,  "Doct.  Horton's  Dental  Rooms  in 
Chapin's  Block  are  admirably  located  for  the  convenience  of 
those  requiring  dental  services.  His  application  for  the  pur- 
pose of  deadening  the  sensibility  of  the  gums,  during  the  opera- 
tion of  tooth  drawing,  has  been  much  commended.  It  is  what 
may  be  called  the  ice  application,  and  while  it  is  in  every  way 
safe,  it  is  also  efficient  in  preventing  pain  to  the  patient.  Doct. 
H.  has  a  most  admirable  set  of  tools — that  is,  if  a  person  can  see 
beauty  in  any  surgical  instrument,  and  a  tasteful,  pleasant  of- 
fice."   In  1879  he  moved  to  258  Superior. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  131 

Herald,  May  9,  1857. 
Dr.  E.  Merritt  &  Co.,  respectfully  informs  the  citizens  of 
Cleveland  and  vicinity  that  they  have  opened  an  office  in  No. 
4  East  side  Public  Square,  in  rooms  formerly  occupied  by  Cleve- 
land Library  Association,  where  they  are  prepared  to  do  a  gen- 
eral dental  business,  in  connection  with  making  and  setting 
Loomis'  Patent  Porcelain  Teeth.  Persons  in  need  of  artificial 
teeth,  who  are  desirous  of  consulting  beauty,  durability,  com- 
fort, utility  and  cleanliness  are  requested  to  call  at  our  rooms 
and  examine  specimens.  Numerous  references  can  be  given 
where  persons  have  discarded  gold  plate  and  substituted  this 
beautiful  method  where  teeth,  gums  and  plate  are  all  of  one 
piece  and  made  perfect  to  life.  Dr.  Merritt  has  for  many  years 
been  a  practical  Dentist  and  manufacturer  of  Porcelain  teeth  in 
Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  has  associated  M'ith  him  Dr.  J.  Koch  an  ex- 
perienced carver,  being  entirely  acquainted  with  the  manufac- 
ture of  Loomis'  Patent  Teeth.  All  of  our  work  guaranteed  to 
give  satisfaction.  Dentists  and  others  will  be  instructed,  and 
rights  sold  to  make  and  vend  these  patent  teeth,  on  reasonable 
terms.  All  tools  and  materials  wanted  will  at  all  times  be  kept 
on  hand.  (Same  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Dec,  1858,  Jan.,  Feb.,  1857, 
Sept.,  Oct.,  Leader.)  ^^^^^^^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^^^ 

Freezing  to  Avoid  Pain.  Dr.  Strickland  is  prepared  to  use 
the  apparatus  patented  by  Dr.  Branch  for  the  purpose  of  ren- 
dering extracting  and  other  operations  on  the  teeth  painless,  by 
the  application  of  cold.  Dr.  Strickland  is  also  prepared  to  per- 
form all  work  in  the  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Department  of 
the  Dental  Art,  in  the  most  perfect  manner.  All  new  improve- 
ments which  have  been  satisfactorily  tested  will  be  promptly 
adopted.  Dental  Rooms  No.  125  Superior  St.,  where  Dr.  S. 
has  been  located  for  the  last  fifteen  years.  (Same  July,  Aug., 
Sept.,  Oct.)  Herald,  July  16,  1857. 

Dental  Card. — Drs.  Ambler,  Dickerson  and  McCune  having 
associated  themselves  for  the  purpose  of  pursuing  the  practice 
of  Dentistry  in  all  its  branches,  respectfully  tender  their  pro- 
fessional services  to  the  citizens  of  Cleveland  and  vicinity.  Den- 
tal Rooms  in  Northrop  &  Spangler's  Block,  No.  154  Superior 
St.     N.  H.  Ambler,  M.  J.  Dickerson,  T.  McCune,  D.  D.  S. 


132  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Dr.  Ambler  takes  pleasure  in  introducing  to  the  citizens  of 
Cleveland,  Dr.  McCune,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the  Philadelphia 
College  of  Dental  Surgery,  and  a  member  of  the  Pa.  Association 
of  Dental  Surgeons.  (Same  for  four  months,  and  Leader  for 
July,  Sept.  Oct).    First  time  D.  D.  S.  "ad"  here. 

Herald,  Sept.  22,  1857. 

Cleveland  Tooth  Manufactory,  General  Offices  and  Labora- 
tory, 190  Lake  St.  Improvement  in  Dentistry  Pat.  Aug.  11, 
1857.  M.  L.  Wright  &  Co.,  are  manufacturing  partial  sets, 
half  sets,  and  whole  sets  of  Porcelain  Teeth.  Superiority  of 
their  method  of  producing  Artificial  teeth  over  any  other  known 
method :  1st,  Simplicity.  One  piece  chemically  united  in  all  its 
parts,  and  of  the  same  quality  of  material.  2nd  Solidity.  That 
compels  nature  to  adapt  herself  to  the  model  of  her  own  im- 
pression. This  adaptation  once  attained — comfort  and  utility 
ever  after.  3rd  Purity.  The  entire  plate  and  teeth  are  im- 
pervious to  the  chemical  action  of  any  known  agent ;  hence  in 
disease  or  health  proof  against  the  corrosive  and  offensive  secre- 
tions of  the  mouth,  common  to  gold  plate  work  and  other  known 
methods.  4th  Color.  Bright,  lively  and  a  good  imitation  of 
nature. 

N.  B. — Any  method  of  producing  sets  of  Artificial  teeth 
chemically  united  in  one  piece,  that  will  not  pass  the  ordeal  of 
this  digest  is  a  counterfeit  of  true  Porcelain.  Patronage — 
Since  Apr.,  1855,  we  have  inserted  Five  Hundred  and  Seven 
cases.  Of  this  number  eighty-six  cases  have  taken  the  place  of 
Gold  Plate  work.  In  the  last  named  cases  all  have  given  their 
testimony  to  its  superiority,  and  so  with  all  other  cases  where 
our  ends  have  been  complied  with.  In  no  case  where  the  teeth 
have  been  paid  for,  has  there  been  any  dissatisfaction.  Terms — 
According  to  the  nature  of  the  case,  and  given  after  examin- 
ation. Payment — Upon  the  receipt  of  the  order,  or  on  delivery. 
Persons  having  Gold  Plate  can  apply  their  plate  in  part  pay- 
ment. Guaranty — Satisfaction ;  provided  the  terms  of  payment 
and  Special  Instructions  have  been  complied  with.  Persons 
wanting  information  will  be  giveii  reference  to  those  in  con- 
stant use  of  our  M^ork.  W!e  prefer  to  apply  partial  sets  soon 
after  extraction  of  the  natural  teeth — one  week  is  long  enough 


History  ok  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  133 

to  intervene  between  the  extraction  and  the  application.  To 
our  patrons  and  those  who  desire  to  become  such,  we  will  say 
that  our  arrangements  are  such  that  we  can  and  will  apply  an 
entire  double  set  of  teeth  fitted  satisfactorily,  within  ten  days 
after  the  arrival  of  the  patient. 

To  the  Dental  Profession. — Those  of  you  favorable  to  this 
enterprise,  we  will  make  arrangements  with  you,  by  which  im- 
pressions may  be  taken  of  your  patients  cases,  an  articulation, 
etc.,  etc.,  and  forwarded  to  us  by  express,  and  without  delay  re- 
turned fitted  with  reasonable  accuracy  to  the  fitting  and  artic- 
ulating model.  We  will  also  make  Block  Work  to  order  on 
reasonable  terms.^ — ^Testimonials  and  References,  T.  Garlick,  H. 
A.  Ackley,  M.  D.,  Prof.  J.  P.  Kirkland,  Prof.  S.  B.  Hunt,  Prof. 
Gatchell,  Wm.  W.  Richards,  Dan.  P.  Rhodes,  M.  Jackson,  Ex- 
Mayor  Castle,  B.  L.  Whitman,  J.  K.  Curtis,  E.  T.  Sturtevant. 

N.  B. — Having  heard  that  persons  claiming  to  do  this  work, 
and  in  many  cases  claiming  to  be  our  agents  for  the  same,  we 
will  say  that  up  to  this  date,  we  have  no  agents  in  the  U.  S.  A. 
who  have  any  right  from  the  above  patentee  to  any  such  claim, 
and  in  those  cases  it  is  either  an  infringement  or  an  imposition, 
and  if  an  imposition,  let  it  work  its  own  cure ;  if  an  infringe- 
ment, we  will  in  due  time  attend  to  that.  M.  L.  Wright,  M.  D., 
Actuary  for  the  Company.  (Same,  all  1858  and  Jan.,  1859). 
Longest  ad  I  have  seen  up  to  now.  Leader  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct., 
1857.     D.  Pollock  &  M.  L.  Wright. 

Herald,  Aug.  9,  1858. 

Preserve  the  Teeth. — There  are  few  persons  whose  teeth  are 
not  discolored  and  breath  tainted  with  unpleasant  odors.  For 
such  Fontaine's  Cream  of  Wild  Flowers  will  prove  the  most 
effectual  dentifrice.  Whitening  the  teeth,  purifying  the  mouth 
especially  after  smoking,  and  imparting  an  agreeable  perfume 
to  the  breath.     Sold  by  all  Druggists. 

Leader,  Aug.  11,  1858. 
Dr.  B.  F.  Robinson  has  removed  his  Dental  Office  to  his 
residence  46  Wood  St.,  four  doors  North  of  the  Methodist 
Church,  where  he  will  be  happy  to  see  all  of  his  former  patrons 
or  any  others  who  may  need  his  services.  (Same,  rest  of  year, 
and  first  six  months  1859,  and  first  three  months  1860).     Daily 


134  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Eeview,  same  "ad"  Apr.,  July,  Aug.,  1858.  Similar  in  Leader, 
Mar.,  May,  July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  1863  and  first  five 
months  1864  and  same  address  1867-8. 

Herald,  Nov.  15,  1858. 
Halliwell  &  Daniels,  Dentists.  Painless  method  of  curing 
the  toothache,  and  decayed  teeth  without  extracting  or  causing 
any  pain.  Persons  requiring  artificial  teeth,  also  those  wearing 
them  by  favoring  us  with  a  call  will  be  shown  specimens  of  full 
sets  of  Porcelain  teeth,  and  the  vulcanized  compound  which  for 
beauty,  durability,  comfort  and  cleanliness  are  unsurpassed, 
there  being  no  seams  or  points  for  the  lodgement  of  food.  Arti- 
ficial teeth  on  Gold  and  Silver  Plates  without  the  aid  of  springs, 
clasps  or  wires.  A  full  set  from  $10  to  $50,  and  a  perfect  fit 
guaranteed.  Children's  teeth  regulated  during  the  first  and 
second  dentition.  Rooms  over  Churchill's  Drug  Store,  South 
side  Public  Square.  (Same,  Dec.  and  first  three  months  1859'^. 
Later,  added  to  above  "ad":  "A  whole  set  can  be  made  in 
twelve  hours  without  clasps  or  any  metallic  substance ;  they  can 
be  fitted  over  roots  or  cover  a  whole  decayed  tooth."  (Same, 
for  eight  months  1859  and  first  six  months  1860,  and  similar 
"ad"  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  Ma.,  1861  and  Mar.,  1862,  to  which 
is  added :Teeth  set  on  Flexible  rubber.  Similar  "ad"  in  Lead- 
er, Apr.,  June,  July,  Aug.,  Nov.,  Dec,  1862,  and  first  nine 
months  1863. 

Herald,  Feb.  28,  1859. 

Dental  Surgeon  and  Dentistry.  In  all  its  branches  at  No. 
211  Superior  St.,  Marble  Block  by  W.  B.  Ingersoll.  (Same, 
for  next  seven  months). 

S.  B.  Burnham,  M.  D.,  Dentist,  S.  W.  Corner  Superior  and 
Erie  St.  (Has  tivo  cuts  upper  denture  horse-shoe  form,  and 
runs  rest  of  year,  and  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  1860,  with  Refer- 
ences to  Prof.  J.  Delamater,  M.  D.,  Prof.  H.  K.  Cushing,  M.  D., 
Erastus  Cushing,  M.  D.,  Dudley  Baldwin,  Esq.,  S.  Chamberlain, 

Esq. 

Leader,  Apr.  27,  1859. 

Dr.  W.  J.  Guild,  Dentist,  No.  253  Superior  St.,  opposite 
Bennett  House.  Artificial  Teeth.  Inserted  on  Gold,  Silver,  Vul- 
canized Rubber  Base,   Porcelain,   in   the  most  permanent  and 


TIisTORV  OF  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  135 

satisfactory  manner.  ''J'erms  reasonable.  Electricity  used  in  ex- 
tracting teeth  for  those  who  wish  to  avoid  pain.  My  work  will 
recommend  itself.  No  long  list  of  M.  D.'s,  D.  D.'s,  Esqrs.,  etc., 
required.     Office  hours  7  A.  M.  to  9  P.  M.   (Same  May,  June). 

Leader,  May  21,  1859. 
If  your  teeth  are  good,  read  the  following  lines.  If  your 
teeth  are  bad,  read  them  with  great  care.  If  you  have  no  teeth 
at  all,  lisp :  A  fact  that  is  daily  exhibited  in  the  streets,  in  the 
social  circle,  in  the  parlor,  by  the  humblest  peasant  and  the 
proudest  autocrat,  is  that  hundreds  of  persons  lose  good  sets 
of  teeth  for  the  want  of  the  timely  aid  of  a  good  and  skillful 
dentist,  a  poor  and  inferior  operation  is  in  many  eases  worse 
than  none  at  all.  If  your  teeth  are  good,  have  them  examined 
by  a  good  entist  and  keep  them  in  order.  If  poor,  no  time  should 
be  lost  but  have  them  repaired  the  sooner  the  better,  and  escape 
that  which  Burns  says  is  the  hell  of  all  diseases.  All  irregular- 
ities of  the  teeth  should  be  attended  to  in  childhood  and  youth. 
All  persons  desirous  of  the  dental  operations  are  invited  to  call 
at  my  room  where  particular  attention  is  given  to  the  preser- 
vation of  the  natural  teeth,  where  the  Vulcanized  Coralite  or 
Grutta  Percha  Base  for  Artificial  teeth  is  manufactured  and  all 
varieties  of  artificial  teeth  are  put  up  in  the  best  manner.  W. 
B.  Ingersoll,  Marble  Block.     (Same,  June  and  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar., 

Apr.,  1859). 

Herald,  May  27,  1859. 

M.  J.  Dickerson  late  of  the  firm  of  (N.  H.)  Ambler  and 
Dickerson,  office  253  Superior  St.,  near  Kendall's  store.  Dr.  D.'s 
Dental  Rooms  are  now  open  and  he  is  ready  to  make  appoint- 
ments with  those  wishing  dental  services.  He  has  spent  some 
time  this  spring  in  different  cities  examining  the  dififerent  styles 
of  work  and  is  prepared  to  advise  as  to  the  best.  Ulcerated 
teeth  treated,  fangs  filled,  exposed  nerves  capped  and  saved. 
Teeth  inserted  on  Gold,  silver,  coralite  or  vulcanite  base,  or 
platinum  plate  with  continuous  gum,  which  is  so  much  used 
East.  (Same  June,  July,  Aug.,  with  hvo  "cuts"  of  upper  den- 
ture horse-shoe  form).  „        1  1      -r  ^rr     -.or-o 

^  Herald,  June  27,  1859. 

Dr.  J.  G.  Moore  is  prepared  to  perform  all  operations  in  his 
professional  line,   according  to  all   the  latest   improvements  at 


136  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

the  shortest  notice,  and  at  living  prices.  Teeth  extracted  by 
Galvanism,  Chloroform,  Ether,  etc.,  when  desired,  if  necessary. 
Office  No.  235  Superior  St.,  over  Fogg's  China  Store.  (Same, 
July,  Aug.) 

Herald,  Jan.  12,  1860. 

Dental  Cosmos. — I  am  agent  for  this  work.  It  is  worth\^ 
the  attention  and  study  of  gentlemen  of  the  profession.  Please 
call  and  subscribe;  price  $2.50  in  advance.    Wm.  Fiske. 

(Same  Feb.  Mar.,  Apr.,  June.) 

Mar.,  1860.  My  stock  of  Dental  Goods  is  large  and  complete. 
Instruments,  Teeth,  Bench  Tools,  Plates  and  Foils.  "Wm.  Fiske. 
G.  W.  Clarke  succeeded  Fiske  Aug.  18,  1861  at  119  Superior. 

Herald,  Apr.  6,  1860. 
Best  of     Operations  by  Atkinson   and  Butler.       "Sound 
Teeth,"  "Perfect  Health",  Hoffman  Block,  16  and  17  opposite 
the  Post  Office.     W.  H.  Atkinson,  D.  D.  S.,  M.  D.,  C.  R.  But- 
ler, D.  D.  S.     (Same  May,  June). 

Leader,  Apr.,  21,  1860. 
Atkinson  and  Butler  are  now  prepared,  willing  and  able  to 
execute  operations  in  Dental  Surgery  proper,  and  Mechanical 
Dentistry  in  the  very  best  style  and  promptly  at  16  and  17 
Hoffman  Block,  opposite  the  7iew  Post  Office.  (Same,  May,  June, 
July,  Aug.,  Sept.) 

Leader,  Sept.  9,  1860. 

Humphrey's  Specific  Homoeopathic  Baby's  Pills,  which  you 
may  drop  into  the  mouth  any  time.  They  allay  the  irritation 
of  teething.  Sold  by  E.  D.  Sackrider  and  Churchill  and  Brother. 

Leader,  Oct.  31,  1860. 
Mrs.     Winslow's     Soothing   Syrup  for  children,  teething. 
Strong  &  Armstrong,  199  Superior  St. 

Herald,  Feb.  14,  1861. 
Parson's  Camphorated  Dentifrice.  N.  C.  Brewer,  13  Pearl 
Street. 

Herald,  May  1,  1861. 
Nice  Tooth  Brushes.     E.  A.  Palmer,  Druggist,  corner  Erie 
and  Prospect. 


History  op  Dentistry  ix  Cleveland  137 

Leader,  Feb.,   13,  1861. 

Dentists'  Materials,  Instruments  and  Tools,  Precipitated 
Silver,  Roberts'  Os  Artificial,  Best  Tin  Foil,  Jones  &  White's 
Teeth,  Iron  Handle  Scalers  and  Pluggers,  Hand  Grinding  Ap- 
paratus, Franklin's  Double  Impression  Cups,  Stone  Ingot 
Moulds  to  slide,  and  many  other  articles.     Wm.   Fiske. 

Similar  "ad"  July,  Aug.,  Sept.  G.  W.  Clarke  successor  to 
Wm.  Fiske.     Similar  "ad"  most  of  1862-3-4-5. 

Leader,  Mar.  26,  1861. 
J.  B.  Cobb  &  Co.,  136  Superior  St.,  Booksellers  "ad"  God- 
dard  on  the  Teeth.     Owens  on  the  Skeleton  and  Teeth. 

Leader,  Oct.  2,  1861. 
Dentistry.  Dr.  D.  F.  Knapp  would  respectfully  announce 
to  the  public  that  he  will  be  at  Oberlin  on  Tues.,  Wed.,  Thurs.  of 
each  week,  where  he  will  attend  to  the  business  of  Dentistry  in 
all  its  branches,  the  remainder  of  the  time  at  his  home  in  Olm- 
sted Falls.      (Cut  of  upper  denture  horse-shoe  form). 

Leader,  Jan.  11,  1862. 

Mr.  Randall  has  this  A.  M.  removed  from  my  foot  a  corn 
of  twenty  years  standing,  in  a  few  minutes  and  without  pain. 
W.  P.  Horton. 

Leader,  Nov.  5,  1863. 

For  toothache,  use  Porter's  Cure  of  Pain.  W.  L.  Porter, 
Prop.,  Cleveland,  0.     (Same  Jan.  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  1864). 

Leader,  Oct.  10,  1863. 

Lost,  200,000  Teeth.  But  Prof.  Leaurean's  Pollen  of  Roses 
is  at  hand.  Be  Avise  and  buy.  Don't  wait  for  the  toothache. 
(Same,  Nov.,  also  Jan.,  1864.) 

Leader,  Nov.  23,  1863. 

Teeth  Extracted  Positively  Without  Pain  with  the  Nitrous 
Oxide  Gas.  Dr.  Dickerson  has  secured  the  services  of  Dr.  Pond 
of  N.  Y.,  for  a  few  days  to  assist  him.  Dr.  Pond  has  a  large 
experience  in  preparing  and  administering  the  Gas,  having  been 
with  the  celebrated  Dr.  Colton  and  administered  it  in  thou- 
sands of  cases  with  entire  success.  Dr.  Colton  first  applied  this 
Gas  for  surgical  operations  about  six  months  ago,  and  within 
the  past  two  months  has  extracted  over  four  thousand  teeth  with 


138  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

satisfaction.  The  advantages  of  Gas  over  Ether  and  Chloroform 
are:  First,  It  is  perfectly  harmless,  no  injury  was  ever  known 
to  follow  its  inhalation.  Second.  The  Insensibility  produced 
is  perfect  where  the  Gas  is  pure  and  properly  administered. 
Third.  It  is  pleasant  to  inhale,  having  no  disagreeable  smell 
or  taste  and  never  produces  nausea  and  sickness  to  say  nothing 
of  the  danger  which  often  attends  Ether  or  Chloroform.  Fourth. 
The  whole  time  occupied  of  inhalation,  tooth  extraction  and  re- 
turning to  perfect  consciousness,  does  not  exceed  three  min- 
utes. From  three  to  ten  teeth  can  be  extracted  by  one  dose,  de- 
pending on  location,  temperament  and  age.  No  injury  results 
from  giving  five  or  six  doses  in  succession — waiting  after  each 
dose  for  the  bleeding  to  subside.  Fifth.  It  can  be  given  with 
safety  in  all  sorts  and  stages  of  disease — can  be  given  to  per- 
sons suffering  from  consumption,  heart  disease,  rush  of  blood 
to  the  head,  etc.,  with  no  bad  effects.  Many  hundred  testimon- 
ials might  be  presented  but  the  following  from  Rev.  Thos.  G. 
Osborn  of  New  Haven,  Conn.,  is  deemed  sufficient.  He  says: 
I  had  six  firmly  rooted  teeth  extracted  while  under  the  influ- 
ence of  the  Nitrous  Oxide  Gas  administered  by  Prof.  Colton. 
During  the  operation  I  experienced  no  pain,  and  was  delighted 
on  returning  to  consciousness,  to  find  that  my  teeth  had  been 
removed  without  a  disagreeable  sensation.  I  enjoyed  a  most 
delightful  dream  while  asleep.  I  have  experienced  no  incon- 
venience from  the  administration  of  the  Gas.  My  daughter  had 
one,  and  my  sister  two  teeth  extracted  while  under  the  influ- 
ence of  the  same  Gas,  and  their  experience  and  testimony  ac- 
cords perfectly  with  mine.  I  was  induced  to  submit  to  the 
operation  in  consequence  of  the  testimony  of  several  members 
of  my  church  and  congregation,  who  informed  me  that  their 
teeth  had  been  extracted  without  pain  while  they  were  under 
the  influence  of  this  powerful  remedial  agent.  To  those  who 
have  been  tortured  by  submitting  to  the  extraction  of  teeth 
while  vividly  conscious,  and  who  desire  a  more  excellent  way 
of  removing  these  offending  members.  I  can  cordially  recom- 
mend Prof.  Colton  and  his  skillful  assistant.  Dentists  in  the 
city  or  vicinity,  sending  patients,  can  have  them  returned  with 
their  mouths  ready  for  the  impression.  Office,  211  Superior  St., 
Marble  Block.     (Same,  rest  of  Nov.) 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  139 

Leader,  June  17,  1864. 

Dr.  J.  Greenfield,  Dentist.  Office,  No.  16  Hoffman's  Block. 
(Same  July  14). 

Leader,  July  25,  1864. 

Hal  I  i  well  &  Daniels,  Dentists,  return  thanks  for  the  very 
liberal  patronage  they  have  received  for  the  past  twelve  years, 
and  hope  for  a  continuance.  We  also  beg  to  inform  those  who 
are  in  need  of  artificial  teeth  and  other  work  in  our  profession, 
that  our  prices  will  be  governed  by  the  value  of  Gold  on  and 
after  the  1st  Sept.  next  as  we  have  to  pay  gold  or  its  equivalent 
in  Greenbacks  for  all  the  material  we  use,  consequently  we  are 
compelled  to  advance  our  prices.  A  full  set  upper  or  lower 
from  ten  dollars  upwards  until  the  specified  time.  Rooms,  cor. 
Ontario  and  Public  Square.  (Same  Aug.,  Sept.  and  similar 
Oct.,  Nov.,  Dee.) 

Leader,  Dec.  22,  1864. 

New  Dental  Establishment.  H.  H.  Newton  respectfully  an- 
nounces to  the  poeple  of  Cleveland  and  vicinity  that  he  has 
opened  a  Dental  Office  at  211  Superior  St.,  ]\Iarble  Block,  for- 
merely  occupied  by  Dr.  M.  J.  Dickerson.  He  is  now  prepared  to 
perform  all  operations  on  the  teeth  necessary  for  their  preserva- 
tion, in  a  thorough  and  skilful  manner.  Artificial  Teeth  Inserted, 
from  a  single  tooth  to  an  entire  set  upon  Gold,  Silver  and  Vulcan- 
ized Base,  and  warranted  to  give  good  satisfaction  in  all  eases. 
References:  Hon.  L.  Poland,  and  E.  and  T.  Fairbanks,  St. 
Johnsbury,  Vt.,  Dr.  Dio  Lewis,  Boston,  Mass.,  Heman  Ely,  N.  B. 
Gates,  Elyria,  0.  R.  A.  Dinsmore  was  a  student  of  H.  H.  New- 
ton's. 

A  Card. — Dickerson  takes  this  opportunity  to  express  his 
grateful  acknowledgements  to  the  many  friends  and  patrons 
who  have  favored  him  with  their  confidence.  Having  disposed 
of  my  practice  to  Dr.  Newton,  it  affords  me  great  pleasure  that 
I  am  able  to  recommend  in  him  a  thorough  and  skillful  dentist, 
and  in  whose  integrity  it  will  be  safe  to  rely.  In  1867  he  moved 
to  49  Prospect  St.,  and  1868  to  122  Ontario  St.,  and  in  1874  to 
14  Euclid  Ave.,  and  in  1877  to  303  Euclid  over  Sterling  &  Co. 
carpet  store.     Same  location  1879. 


140  History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Leader,  Jan.  21,  1865. 

The  partnership  heretofore  carried  on  by  A.  B.  Halliwell 
and  J.  K.  Daniels,  Dentists,  has  this  day  been  dissolved  by  mu- 
tual consent.  The  business  for  the  present  will  be  carried  on  by 
Dr.  Halliwell  at  the  old  establishment,  where  all  claims  against 
the  said  firm  will  be  settled,  and  all  outstanding  debts  due  the 
said  H.  and  D.  must  be  paid  on  or  before  Apr.  1,  1865,  or  they 
will  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  a  collector.  Alex.  B.  Halliwell, 
M.  D.,  J.  R.  Daniels. 

On  Mar.  29  Dr.  H.  advertises  he  has  moved  to  his  Block, 
85  Michigan  St.,  first  door  from  Ontario  St.,  North  side.  (Same 
Apr.,  May,  June,  Nov.,  and  another  "ad"  Nov.,  Dec,  1866,  and 
Jan.,  1867.  On  Apr.  18,  J.  R.  Daniels  advertises  he  is  at  the 
cor.  Ontario  and  Square,  and  making  teeth  at  the  old  prices 
before  the  war.  In  1877  he  moved  to  136  Ontario  St.  (Same 
May,  June,  Nov.),  another  "ad"  all  of  1868  and  June,  July, 
Aug.,  Sept.,  1869,  and  Jan.  28,  1870,  he  advertises  Laughing 
Gas.  Same  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  May,  June,  similar  "ad"  Jan., 
Feb.,  Mar.,  1871. 

Leader,  May  26,  1865. 

Sozodont  for  the  Teeth,  for  sale  by  Churchill  &  Brother, 
Aug.  3,  the  "ad"  reads:  You  can't  open  your  lips  Ladies  with- 
out revealing  whether  you  use  Fragrant  Sozodont  or  not.  No 
occasion  for  words.    Your  teeth  and  breath  speak  for  you. 

Leader,  May,  1866. 
Dentistry.    Butler  &  Greenfield  have  removed  their  Dental 
Rooms  to  house  No.  282  Superior  St.,  opposite  Case  Building. 
Dr.  C.  R.  Butler,  John  Greenfield.      (Same  rest  of  year,  and 
Jan.,  1867). 

Leader,  Jan.  15,  1867. 
Notice  is  given  that  the  undersigned  have  this  day  formed 
a  co-partnership  as  Operative  and  Surgical  Dentists  at  85  Mich- 
igan St.,  Alex.  B.  Halliwell,  M.  D.,  John  Greenfield.  (Same 
Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.  and  more  extended  "ad"  May  and  rest  of 
1867  and  first  nine  months  1868). 

Leader,  Aug.  6,  1867. 
Movement  on  foot  to  establish  the  Cleveland  Times  to  be 
published  by  a  Stock  Co.,  the  corporators  are,  A.  B.  Halliwell 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  141 

and  others,  capital  stock  $100,000  and  .$20,000  has  been  paid  in. 
No  need  of  another  paper. 

They  will  get  rid  of  their  money  so  fast  that  it  will  n^iake 
their  heads  swim;  disappear  like  water  poured  on  sand;  absurd, 
foolish  project.     (Chicago  Tribune). 

Leader,  Apr.  21,  1868. 

Dr.  IT.  L.  Ambler,  Dentist,  Park  Place,  corner  Ontario  St., 
opposite  Stone  Church. 

Leader,  Apr.  14,  1869. 

A  Valuable  Invention  in  Teeth.  These  Artificial  Teeth  arc 
cheaper,  more  durable  and  comfortable  than  those  of  any  other 
description  known.  Dr.  Halliwell's  patent  was  issued  Jan., 
1860.  State,  County  or  Office  rights  for  sale  on  reasonable 
terms  to  Dentists.  Halliwell  &  Greenfield,  85  Michigan  St. 
(Same  in  Herald,  June  1,  and  June  17,  viz.:  "Iodized  Rubber 
Base  for  Teeth.  Dr.  Halliwell  with  a  practice  of  18  years  in 
this  city,  begs  to  call  attention  to  his  new  patents  for  Artificial 
Teeth."     Same  July,  Aug.,  Sept. 

Herald,  Jan.,  1870. 

English  and  German  Dentists,  established  18  years.  Teeth 
extracted  without  pain  or  permanently  restored  to  use.  Dr. 
H. 's  Artificial  Teeth  are  pronounced  to  be  the  most  useful  and 
lifelike,  only  excelled  by  sound  natural  Teeth.  Sets  $10  and 
upwards.  A.  B.  Halliwell,  M.  D.  John  Stephan,  Dentist.  Same 
Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.  In  1871  the  Halliwell  Dental  Association 
claims  to  have  inserted  100,000  artificial  teeth.  Herald.  June 
21,  1870.  Teeth  upon  Whalebone,  Rubber,  etc.  The  device  is 
a  cushion  of  flexible  rubber  inside  the  hard  Whalebone  Rubber, 
etc.  Dr.  Halliwell  &  Co.,  Dentists.  Instructions  with  office 
rights,  and  Rubber  for  sale  to  Dentists.  Jan.  24,  1871.  Dr.  N. 
T.  Folsom's  Improved  Atmospheric  Plates  for  Cuyahoga  Co., 
patented  1867  in  U.  S.,  Eng.,  France. 

Herald,  Jan.  11,  1871. 
Dr.  F.  K.  Thorpe's  Dental  Office,  136  Ontario  St.,  is  an 
institution  worthy  of  your  support,  to  which  the  many  who  are 
now  availing  themselves  of  its  advantages  can  testify,  placing 
perfect  dental  operations  within  the  reach  of  the  most  moder- 
ate means.    Teeth  filled  with  Gold  and  saved,  when  in  the  most 


142  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

diseased  condition  for  Y-,  the  usual  rates,  restoring  these  impor- 
tant organs  again  to  usefulness.  Mar.  15,  he  adds,  Gold  fillings 
$1.50,  Extracting  25  cents.  Apr.  17.  Two  chairs  employed, 
gold  fillings  warranted  June  8.  Herald,  jNIay  9,  1873.  Teeth — 
3,000  references,  $10  and  $15  a  set.  Thorpe  Bros.,  136  Ontario 
St.,  "ad"  runs  to  June  16. 

Herald,  Jan.  22,  1872. 

D.  R.  Jennings,  Dentist.  Office  223  Superior  St.  Same 
Feb.,  Mar. 

Herald,  May  29,   1872. 

As  Dr.  C.  R.  Butler  will  be  absent  from  town  for  some  time 
he  would  refer  those  desiring  his  professional  services  to  his 
partner  Dr.  H.  L.  Ambler,  Park  Place. 

Leader,  May  6,  1874. 

Edwin  Smith  &  Son,  successors  to  Clark  Smith  &  Co.,  119 
Superior  St.,  wholesale  and  retail  Druggists,  Dental  and  Sur- 
gical Depot.     Same,  June. 

Leader,  June  1,  1874. 

Dr.  Hurd  Dentist.  Regulating  and  filling,  also  extracting 
by  nitrous  oxide  a  specialty.  0.  J.  Hurd  makes  a  set  of  teeth 
for  $10  and  upwards,  satisfaction  guaranteed.  He  has  exclusive 
right  to  make  Hurd's  Popular  short  plate  Pat.  Apr.  27,  1869, 
(cut  shows  upper  denture  horse-shoe  form). 

Leader,  June  10,  1874. 
I  have  for  sale  Dental  Instruments  of  the  latest  patterns 
and   improvements.      G.    W.    Clark,   42   Public    Square.      Apr., 
1876,  Clarke  went  into  bankruptcy  and  H.  C.  White  the  assignee 
sold  his  stock. 

Herald,  Jan.  14,  1875. 
Lawson's  Curative  for  Neuralgia,  Toothache,  etc.     Rub  it 
on  spine.     (Same  Feb.  15,  1876). 

Herald,  Jan.  16,  1875. 
H.  H.  Newton  and  J.  C.  Merritt,  Dentists,  11  Euclid  Ave. 
(Same  for  six  months,  and  Jan.,   1876).     In  May,   1876,   Dr. 
Merritt  moved  to  136  Ontario  St. 

Leader,  Jan.  1,  1876. 
G.  H.  Hurd,  Pat.  Automatic  Nitro-oxide  Gas  Inhaler  and 
Jaw  Brace.    As  the  gas  only  lasts  from  15  to  30  seconds,  it  gives 


History  of  Dentistky  is  Clevelaxd  143 

time  to  extract  without  pain  and  the  danc^er  of  breaking  double 
the  number  of  teeth  (at  a  dose)  of  any  other  apparatus,  saves 
loss  of  time  in  turning  off  the  gas,  getting  the  forceps,  and 
mouth  open.  Ilis  gasometer  holds  a  dose,  works  without  weights 
or  friction.  Office  and  residence,  163  Broadway.  Price  of  ap- 
paratus $28.  (Picture  of  man's  head,  mouth  open,  inhaler  in 
front  held  in  a  man's  hand  with  a  forcep  and  a  molar  in  the 
beaks.  Same  Feb.,  also  Oct.,  1877.  Another  "ad"  first  six 
months,  1882.     In  1884,  office  370  Euclid,  open  day  and  night. 

Leader,  May  11,  1876. 
Gold!     Pure  Gold  for  filling  Teeth  at  Hurd  Bros.  Dental 
Parlors  at  Low  prices,  18  Euclid  Ave. 

Herald,  May  10,  1876. 
J.  E.  Robinson  has  removed  his  Dental  Office  to  60  Wood 
St.     Same  to  July,  1877. 

Leader,  July  7,  1877. 
J.  Stephan,  Dentist,  has  moved  from  85  Michigan  to  South- 
west cor.  Public  Square  over  Hartness  &  Ruling's  Drug  Store. 
(Same,  rest  of  year). 

Leader,  Oct.  6,  1877. 
Dr.  C,  R.  Edson,  Dentist,  74  Public  Square,  over  Fulton 
Market,   first  class  work.     $8  for   upper   or  lower  set,   open   7 
A.  M.  to  10  P.  M.    Sunday  till  noon.     Gold  fillings  $2  up.  Same 
Nov.,  Dec. 

Leader,  July  20,  1878. 
Dr.  F.  S.  Slosson,  Druggist  and  Apothecary,  223  Superior 
St.,   (after  he  retired  from  dentistry).     Same  location  1880-4. 

Leader,  Dec.  18,  1878. 
A  new  process  of  inserting  artificial  teeth — no  plate  or  ex- 
traction of  roots.      Halliwell,  Nephews  &  Goulding,    Practical 
Dentists,  85  Michigan. 

Herald,  Mar.  6,  1878. 
We    announce  to  Dentists    that  we  are  agents    for  G.  W. 
Archer's  entire  line  of  dental  furniture,  including  all  attach- 
ments. His  chairs  have  been  sold  all  over  the  world.     Sold  on 
monthly  payments.     Vincent,  Sturm  &  Barstow,  114  Water  St. 


144  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Leader,  July  10,  1879. 

Dr.    H.    F.    Barnes,   Dentist,   cor.   Woodland   and   Willson, 

over  Bock's  grocery.  t      j        rA  ^    oo    io-n 

*  Leader,  Oct.  22,  18  <  9. 

G.  H.  Hurd  and  J.  W.  Dawson  have  moved  from  163 
Broadway  to  330  Euclid  and  formed  an  association  of  dental 
specialists,  with  C.  S.  Hurd  and  H.  L.  Tripp  with  down  stairs 
parlors  next  to  Hyman's  Dry  Goods  Store,  where  Dr.  Strick- 
land's old  place  has  been  remodeled,  filling,  cleaning,  extracting 
without  pain  by  G.  H.  Hurd's  Pat.  system  of  vitalized  air — all 
to  the  greatest  perfection.  (He  has  the  exclusive  right  to  this 
system  in  Cleveland,  and  he  can  be  found  at  the  Steam  Dental 
Association).     C.  S.  Hurd  "ad"  in  Press,  Jan.  11,  1893. 

Leader,  July  8,  1880. 
Halliwell  &  Campbell  make  a  specialty  in  artificial  and 
the  filling  of  decayed  teeth — we  have  reduced  our  prices  ^2- 
Artificial  teeth  can  be  fitted  over  decayed  roots  without  pain. 
See  letters  Pat.  Apr.,  1869  U.  S.,  London,  Paris.  Established 
1852.  (We  are  not  only  the  oldest,  but  we  do  the  cheapest  and 
best  work  in  the  city  or  state,  "ad"  Sept.  16,  1880).  Similar 
"ad"  most  of  1882  and  86.  Herald,  July  29,  1882,  similar 
"ad"  of  Halliwell,  Campbell  &  Co.,  and  first  six  months  of 
1883.  Aug.  24,  1882,  Dr.  Halliwell 's  Oriental  Tooth  Powder, 
the  purest  and  best  in  the  city. 

Plain  Dealer,  May  17,  1881. 
Edison's  Polyform  is  made  according  to  a  formula  devised 
and  used  by  myself.    It  cures  neuralgia,  etc.   Thomas  A.  Edison. 

Herald,  Oct.  18,  1882. 
V.  McAlpine,  Dentist,  306  Euclid  Ave.,  Room  10  cor.  Pub- 
lic Square.     Same,  Nov.,  Dec.     Press,  Nov.  8,  1886.     V.  McAl- 
pine permanently  located  on  Pearl  St.,  cor.  Seymour  Ave.  Sign 
of  the  Golden  Molar. 

Leader,  June  11,  1882. 
W.  P.  Battles,  (deceased),  Dentist,  334  Euclid  Ave.  Same 
in  Herald,  July,  Aug.,  1882. 

Herald,  Dec.  25,  1882. 
Kalodont,  a  liquid  dentifrice  free  from  acid,  alkali  or  min- 
eral. H.  C.  Gayiord. 


IIlS'l'OKV    <JK    IJPJXTISTKV    IX    CLEVELAND  145 

Leader,   May  2,  1884. 

Vitalized  Air  and  J^airiless  Dentist,  81  p]uclid  Ave.,  oppo- 
site Opera  House.  Fiva  first  class  workmen  in  attendance.  C. 
S.  Hurd. 

Picture  at  each  side  of  "ad"  shows  a  jiirl  with  the  index 
finger  of  each  hand,  at  the  corner  of  her  mouth  stretching  her 
lips  apart.  Press,  July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.,  similar  "ad" — 
removed  to  Forest  City  Dental  Rooms,  104  Euclid  Ave.  Same, 
first  six  months  1877.  Similar  "ad"  June,  1889  and  Xews  and 
Herald  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  1891. 

Leader,  Feb.  24,  1884. 

Pond's  extract  cures  Toothache. 

Herald,   :\Iar.   25,   1884. 
St.  Jacob's  Oil  cures  Toothache. 

Herald,  ^May  14,  1884. 

T.  D.  Lindsey,  Nottingham,  Bldg. ;  H.  Barnes,  44  Public 
Square ;  P.  H.  Keese,  17  Euclid ;  R.  Dayton,  M.  D.,  246  Super- 
ior St. ;  R.  E.  Moon,  296  Pearl — Operative  Dentistry,  a  spe- 
cialty. 

Plain  Dealer,  Oct.  31,  1884. 

Attention  Ladies. — 2,000  boxes  of  my  Standard  Tooth  Pow- 
der given  away  free  to  all  ladies  who  call  at  my  Dental  Rooms; 
no  difference  whether  you  have  work  done  or  not.  We  extract 
teeth  for  25  cents.  Gas  or  vitalized  air  50  cents,  these  are  half 
the  price  of  other  dentists.  13  Euclid  Ave.,  open  nights.  E. 
"W.  Thompson,  D.  D.  S.  Press,  Jan.  2,  1893,  shows  a  picture 
of  a  steel  bridge  and  under  it  the  word  "work". 

Press,  July  1,  1886. 
Dr.  R.  Dayton,  moved  to  13  Euclid.  Best  sets  of  teeth  $7. 
Extracting  with  vitalized  air,  50  cents.  Same,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Oct., 
Nov.,  and  first  six  months  1877.  Jan.  29,  1889,  he  says:  "call 
at  5  Euclid  Ave.,  and  test  his  superiority  in  workmanship  and 
modernized  methods."     Same,  next  five  months. 

Press,  July  7,  1886. 
Teeth  without  plates.  Gold  crowns  and  bridge-work  in  lat- 
est style.     Teeth  extracted  with  gas  or  vitalized  air,  first  tooth 
75  cents  each,  additional  one  25  cents.     Best  rubber  plate  $8 ; 


146  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

second,  $5.50.  Gold  $50.  Cement  filling,  50  cents,  silver  75 
cents.  Gold  according  to  size  of  cavity — open  nights.  E.  W. 
Thompson.  Same,  rest  of  year  and  first  six  months  1887.  An- 
other "ad"  last  six  months  1888  and  first  three  months  1889. 

Press,  July  16,  1886. 
Aluminum   Plates   inserted   by   Dr.    Sampsell   are   good   as 
gold  and  cost  no  more  than  good  rubber ;  partial  sets  without 
roof,  fine  gold  fillings,  prices  low  as  the  lowest,  89  Euclid,  Not- 
tingham Block.     Same  in  Aug. 

Press,  Aug.  3,  1886. 
Dr.  Albaugh,  successor  to  W.  P.  Battles,  owing  to  fire  in 
Nottingham  Block,  has  moved  to  19  Euclid,  over  Heyse's  Res- 
taurant.    Same  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov. 

Press,  Jan.  21,  1887. 

Dr.  W.  R.  Long,  Dentist,  5  Euclid  Ave.  Teeth  filled  at 
night ;  parlors  lighted  by  electricity.  Same  rest  of  Jan.,  Feb. 
Moved  to  11  Euclid  May,  1889. 

Press,  Feb.  27,  1887. 

Plates  6  to  $10.  Fine  gold  and  silver  fillings.  Work  guar- 
anteed; prices  the  lowest;  open  day  and  evening.  J.  G.  Spaeth, 
862  Lorain  St.     Same  Mar.,  May,  June. 

Press,  Mar.  11,  1877. 
The  lowest  price,  first  class  Dental  office  in  the  city.    Teeth 
$5  per  set.     Gold  fillings  $1  up;  silver  50  cents.     Dr.  Davidson, 
94  Broadway.     Same  Apr.,  May,  June.     Same  Jan.,  May,  June, 
1889,  May  26,  1903,  at  218  Perry  St. 

Leader,  July  1,  1888. 
E.  L.   Patchin,  Kendall  Bldg.,  vitalized  air  administered. 
Same  rest  of  month,  and  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  Apr.,  1889. 

Press,  Jan.  5,   1889. 
A.  B.  Halliwell's  great  practice  of  nearly  50  years  has  at- 
tained for  him  wonderful  success.     We  invite  special  attention 
to  our  Gold  Medal. 

Press.,  Jan.  7,  1889. 
0.  L.  Olds,  Dentist,  981  Woodland  Ave.,  open  8  A.  M.  to 
6  P.  M.  Same,  June. 


History  of  Dentistry  ix  Cleveland  147 

Press,  Jan.   2:i,   1889. 
Dr.  H.  Hurd  positively  extracts  teeth  without  pain.    Cheap- 
est place  in  the  city.     5  Euclid  Ave.,   in   'Slciv.,  Apr.,  May,  he 
adds,  Dr.  T.  D.  Rowley  operator. 

Press,  Apr.  17,  1889. 
II.  L.   Tripp,  Dentist,  83  Erie  St.     Same,  June. 

News  and  Herald,  July  1,  1891. 
We  extract  teth  painlessly  by  a  simple  application  to  the 
gums.  This  is  a  fact.  Drs.  A.  A.  Wilcox  and  ^I.  D.  Furlonj;,^ 
8  Euclid  Ave.  Later  they  say,  fill  and  extract  painlessly  by 
a  new  and  wonderful  invention.  Same,  rest  of  year,  ^Nlay  3, 
1892.  Furlong-  moved  to  29  Euclid.  Same  Apr.,  1893;  May, 
1892,  Wilcox  moved  to  89  Euclid. 

News  and  Herald,  July  16,  1891. 
Philadelphia  Dental  Rooms,  199  Superior.  Elegant  set 
of  teeth,  $5.  Best,  $8.  Gold  filling  $1  up.  Silver  75  cents. 
Amalgam  50  cents.  Extract  25  cents.  Vitalized  air  50  cents. 
Largest  Dental  establishment  in  the  World.  Same,  Sept.  "Ad" 
Mar.,  Apr.,  June,  1893,  at  451  Pearl  St.  For  Lawyers,  Preach- 
ers, Public  Speakers — a  crown  or  bridge. 

News  and  Herald,  Dec.  9,  1891. 
P.  W.  Murton,  Dentist,  8  Euclid.     Open  evenings.    Sunday 

^  ^°  ^^-  Press,  May,  1892. 

Dr.   H.  L.   Sprackling,   638   St.   Clair  St.     Teeth   with  or 

without  a  plate.  _,  ^^        -,or>r. 

^  Press,  May,   1892. 

F.  A.  McAuley,  D.  D.  S.,  Dentist.  Harmless  anesthetics 
used  in  extracting,  106  Euclid. 

Leader,  June  6,  1892. 

Dr.  J.  S.  Rosenthal,  89  Euclid.  Teeth  painlessly  filled  and 
extracted. 

Leader,  June  11,  1892. 

Tooth  Food.  This  medicine  for  babies  prevents  and  cures 
pains  of  teething  and  resulting  diseases,  not  by  putting  them 
to  sleep,  but  by  supplying  the  tooth-forming  ingredients  which 
are  lacking  in  mothers'  milk  and  all  artificial  foods.  Reynold's 
Mfg.  Co.,  Cincinnati,  0.     Same,  July,  Aug. 


148  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Press,  Jan.  13,  1893. 
A.  E.  linger.  Dentist,  cor.  Euclid  and  East  End  Ave.,  Lake- 
view.     Same  Feb. 

Press,  1893. 
Boston  Painless  Dentist,  11  Euclid.    For  60  days,  best  teeth 
$7.      Good   fillings  $1.      W.    J.    Wycoff.      First   six   months   of 
year. 

Press,  June  12^  1893. 
Odontone  for  the  painless  filling  of  teeth,  and  Odontunder 
for   painless   extraction,   no   gas   or  vitalized    air,   no   pain,    all 
work  guaranteed.     Leader,  Jan.  5,  1895.     Odontunder  Dental 
Parlors,  170  Superior  St.     Teeth  filled  without  pain. 

Press,  June  23,  1893. 

Dr.  Johnson  .  Something  new  in  artificial  teeth.  Gold  and 
Aluminum  plates,  reasonable  prices.  Crown  and  Bridge-work 
at  reduced  prices,  open  evenings — 9  A.  M.  to  8  P.  M.  Sunday, 
9  to  12,  122  Eucild. 

Leader,  Feb.  2,  1895. 

Painless  Dentistry.  Philadelphia  Dental  Parlors.  The 
Stedman  Spring  Pat.,  May  19,  1891  and  May  3,  1892,  for  hold- 
ing lower  teeth  firmly  in  place  under  all  conditions,  also  the 
Stedman  improved  Dental  Plate,  Pat.  Sept.  24,  1889,  Feb.  25, 
1890.  Method  of  making  partial  dentures,  doing  away  with 
large  suction  plates;  these  plates  are  about  %  to  14  the 'usual 
size.  Guarantee  with  each  plate.  The  largest  and  finest  estab- 
lishment in  the  world.  Crown  and  bridge-work  %  price,  etc. 
W.  H.  Knowles,  199  Superior  St.,  and  451  Pearl.  Similar  "ad" 
Mar.,  Sept.,  Oct.     Same  Jan.,  Feb.,  1898,  signed  C.  J.  Hill. 

News  and  Herald,  Oct.,  Nov.,  similar  "ad,"  1895. 

Leader,  Apr.  21,  1895. 
Dr.  R.  R.  Peebles  has  moved  his  office  to  his  residence  31 
Courtland  St. 

News  and  Herald,  July  23,  1896. 

High  class  dentistry  by  experts  at  one-half  the  charge  of 

other  first  class  dentists,   etc.,  special  pain  saving  appliances. 

No  charge  for  estimating  the  cost  of  putting  your  mouth  in 

thorough  order.     U.  S.  Dental  Association,  76  Euclid.     An  ex- 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  149 

pert  for  each  branch  jiives  the  hij^hest  skill  at  the  lowest  cost. 
Same  Aug.,  Sept.  Press,  Mar.  16,  1897  says:  "Ladj'  in  at- 
tendance. Similar  "ad"  Jan.,  Feb.,  1898,  also  Aug.,  Sept.,  1900, 
in  Plain  Dealer,  which  says:  "No  boys  or  students  assist  us. 
Corrugated  suction  plates  are  made  and  owned  by  us  only." 

News  and  Herald,  Nov.  25,  1896. 

Dr.  Lyon's  Perfect  Tooth  Powder,  an  elegant  toilet  lux- 
ury used  by  people  of  refinement  for  over  a  quarter  of  a  cen- 
tury. Same  Plain  Dealer  July,  Sept.,  1900,  and  Nov.  5,  1905. 
First  introduced  1866. 

Press,  Jan.  15,  1897. 

Western  Reserve  University  Dental  College.  Free  clinic  1 
to  4  P.  M.,  except  Saturday  and  Sunday.  Teeth  extracted  free; 
fillings,  artificial  teeth,  crown  and  bridge- work  at  cost  of  ma- 
terials, 262  Prospect  St.,  Bangor  Bldg.  Apr.  22,  1903,  Dental 
College  Clinic  open  9:30  to  12  and  1  to  4:30.     Same,  1906. 

Press,  Mar.  15,  1898. 

Best  Teeth  with  one  gold  filling  $5.  22  karat  gold  crowns 
$3.50.  Bridge-work  $3.00  per  tooth.  Vitalized  air,  all  work 
first  class  and  guaranteed ;  we  employ  no  help.  Bring  this 
"ad"  with  you.  Cleveland  Dental  Parlors,  236  Superior  St., 
8  A.  M.  to  8  P.  M.  Sunday  10  to  3.  H.  E.  Hudson,  D.  D.  S. 
E.  A.  Hudson,  M.  D. 

News  and  Herald,  May  9,  1899. 

Teeth  extracted  free,  all  work  at  cost  of  materials.  Cleve- 
land Dental  Clinic,  Pythian  Temple,  corner  Prospect  and 
Huron. 

Plain  Dealer,  July  3,  1900. 

Dr.  Bigelow  the  popular  Cleveland  Dentist  and  painless  ex- 
tractor, 309  Arcade.  You  get  painless  work  there  every  hour  of 
the  day  in  each  week,  but  Wednesday  P.  M.  you  get  reductions. 
Try  him  for  one  tooth  free.    His  picture  appears  with  the  "ad." 

Plain  Dealer,  July  1,  1902. 
Boston  Dental  Parlors.     High  Class  Dentistry  at  popular 
prices.     All  work  painless,  50  Euclid  Ave.     Same  May,  June, 
1903,  1906,  in  Press,  says:  "Call  and  have  a  talk,  we  will  ex- 
plain matters  to  you.     No   charge  for   examination,   it  is   our 


150  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

pleasure  and  business."     The  rugae  suction  plate  is  our  inven- 
tion.    Similar,  Press,  Sept.  8,  1910. 

Plain  Dealer,  July  2,  1902. 

Our  Corrugated  Suction  Teeth  Stick  up  in  any  mouth. 
IT.  S.  Dental  Rooms,  76  Euclid.  German  spoken.  Same  Aug., 
Sept.,  and  Oct.,  Dec,  1905.  Press,  Apr.  26,  1903.  All  work 
guaranteed  in  writing  for  ten  years — picture  of  dentist  with 
his  finger  in  a  lady's  mouth.  Similar,  Jan.,  Feb.,  Mar.,  1907. 
Similar,  Jan.,  Feb.,  1910.  Press,  Aug.  26,  1910,  says:  "Con- 
sider our  60,000  patrons"  and  is  signed  McKenney  Dental  Co,, 
owners.  "Cut"  of  full  upper  and  under  denture  occluded. 
Similar  in  Press,  Mar.  8,  1911.  They  are  very  extensive  adver- 
tisers. 

Press,  Apr.  1,  1903. 

Our  dentists  are  graduated,  registered  and  experienced. 
We  do  not  employ  students.  Teeth  without  plates  $5.  Extract- 
ing, cleaning,  advice,  free.  All  work  painless  and  guaranteed 
for  years.  Odontunder  Dentists  280  Arcade.  Feb.,  1906,  Plates 
$10,  $7,  $5.     Eighteen  years  in  Cleveland. 

Press,  Mar.,  1907,  Republic  Bldg.  Feb.,  1908.  We  offer 
great  reductions.  They  have  been  very  extensive  advertisers 
for  years. 

Press,  Apr.  10,  1903. 

Nothing  cheap  about  our  work  except  the  prices.  The  ma- 
terial is  the  best,  the  doctors  are  graduates,  the  work  painless 
and  guaranteed  ten  years.  Union  Painless  Dentists,  19  Euclid. 
German  spoken.  Open  Sundays  till  1.  Lady  attendant.  Re- 
port any  dissatisfaction  to  Dr.  Meade.      (Great  advertisers). 

Press,  May  26,  1903. 
Dental  Clinic  free,  no  students.  Complying  with  requests 
to  teach  several  dentists  our  system  of  painless  dentistry,  we 
will  do  all  work  at  cost  of  material ;  full  set  $2 ;  gold  crowns  $2 ; 
fillings,  all  kinds  25  cents.  New.  System  Dentists,  190  Ontario 
St.,  Mar.  2,  1906.  To  ten  first  bringing  this  "ad"  we  will  give 
$1  each  on  dental  work;  next  twenty  50  cents.  Similar,  Jan., 
1907,  Aug.  26,  1910  says:  "500  Cleveland  people  visited  our 
office  last  week,"  "cut"  of  full  upper  denture  of  bridge-work. 
They  are  extensive  advertisers. 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  151 

Press,  June  19,  1903. 
Reduced  prices.  Have  your  teeth  fixed  now  and  save  25 
cents  on  every  dollar.  All  operations  done  by  our  Eastern  den- 
tists are  painless.  If  we  hurt  you  in  extractinf;  your  teeth  don't 
pay  us.  All  work  guaranteed.  Eastern  Painless  Dentists,  225 
Superior. 

Press,  Jan.  1,  1906. 

High  Class  Dentistry  at  moderate  prices.  All  operations 
painless,  ten  years  in  same  location.  Dr.  C.  L.  Franks,  176 
Euclid. 

Press,  Jan.  6,  1906. 

Dents  Toothache  Gum  stops  any  Toothache.  Prevents  fur- 
ther decay.  Does  not  melt  in  the  mouth.  It  goes  right  to  the 
spot.     C.  S.  Dent  &  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Press,  Jan.  14,  1906. 
Alba  Painless  Dentists,   Ontario   and   Broadway.   Old  reli- 
able.   All  work  painless  and  guaranteed.     Best  Gold  Crowns  $3 
to  $5.     Open  Sunday  A.  M. 

Press,  Mar.  23,  1907. 
Dr.  Bell's  scientific  Tooth  Powder  is  highly  fragrant  and 
antiseptic;  cures  bleeding  gums  and  loose  teeth.     Dr.  Victor  C. 
Bell,  Lecturer  on  Hygiene  of  the  mouth  and  care  of  the  Teeth. 

Press,  Feb.  11,   190S. 

Dr.  Wernet's  Powder  for  false  teeth,  makes  loose,  drop- 
ping, wabbling  False  Teeth  fit  perfectly  tight  at  the  first  appli- 
cation. Cures  sore  gums,  makes  the  breath  sweet.  "Cut" 
shoves  an  upper  denture  and  a  hand  holding  a  can  and  sprink- 
ling powder  on  the  teeth. 

Press,  Mar.,  1908. 

Why  don't  you  smile?  Have  you  ever  stopped  to  think 
how  your  teeth  looked  to  others?  Unheard  of  prices,  one-third 
what  others  charge.  Teeth  enameled  $3.  Gold  fillings  $1.  Ext. 
Exam,  clean  free.  Open  8  to  8 ;  Sunday  9  to  1.  Car  fare  al- 
lowed. German,  French,  Polish,  Bohemian  spoken.  Reliable 
Dentists,  80  Public  Square.  "Cuts"  of  two  ladies  and  two 
men's  heads. 


152  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Plain  Dealer,  July  11,  1909. 
Proper  care  of  the  teeth  by  Irwin  linger,  D.  D.  S.,  Cleve- 
land's Original  Alveolar  Expert  and  Pyorrhea  Specialist.  First, 
cleanliness ;  Second,  frequent  examination ;  Third,  removal  of 
all  decay :  Fourth,  filling  of  all  cavities ;  Fifth,  all  lost  teeth 
must  be  replaced  by  artificial  teeth  so  as  to  have  perfect  artic- 
ulation. The  greatest  drawback  to  No.  5  is  the  thought  of 
wearing  plates,  the  horror  of  dropping  and  rattling  teeth.  How 
can  this  be  overcome?  Very  simple — by  calling  on  us.  Our 
system  of  teeth  without  plates  is  just  what  you  want,  same  as 
nature's  teeth,  even  better,  as  they  can  give  no  pain.  If  you 
have  tAvo  or  more  roots  of  teeth  in  either  jaw,  we  can  give  you 
a  complete  set  of  teeth  without  plates.  No  pain  attached  to  this 
work,  no  cutting  of  the  gums,  no  drilling  into  the  bone.  Pyor- 
rhea (Riggs'  disease),  loose  teeth  and  bleeding  gums  positively* 
cured.  If  all  your  teeth  are  gone  and  you  must  wear  a  plate, 
let  us  make  one  of  our  smooth  suctions,  guaranteed  never  to 
drop  in  the  mouth.  Painless  extracting  guaranteed  or  no  pay. 
We  have  no  branch  offices.  Others  are  trying  to  copy  these 
methods.  Dr.  Irwin  Unger,  517  Euclid.  German  and  French 
spoken.  Similar,  Aug.,  Sept.,  June,  1909.  Press,  Mar.  8,  1911. 
German,  French,  Bohemian,  Polish,  Hungarian  spoken.  News, 
Jan.,  Mar.,  1910.  Leader,  Aug.  28,  1910,  "ad"  of  half  a  column. 
He  has  been  a  very  extensive  advertiser  for  years. 

News,  May  17,  1909. 
Do  you  need  a  set  of  teeth?  Nothing  too  good  for  our 
patients.  At  the  head  of  our  plate  department  is  Dr.  L.  W. 
Jones,  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  he  is  fifty-three  years  old,  and  for 
thirty  years  made  the  making  of  artificial  teeth  a  specialty. 
We  believe  he  has  no  equal  in  the  state.  In  this  line  we  offer 
you  the  very  best  and  satisfaction  will  be  yours  if  you  let  us 
do  your  plate  work,  from  $5  to  $15.  Drs.  Chapman  &  James, 
Dentists,  227  Euclid.     Similar  Feb.,  Mar. 

News,  Jan.  1,  1910. 
State  Painless   Dentists  are   best,     227     Euclid.     Careful 
Painless   Methods.      Lady   attendants   who   sterilize   all   instru- 
ments.    Moderate  Prices.     "Cut"  of  an  upper  denture.     Sim- 


*  History  oi'  Dextistky  in  Cleveland  153 

ilar,  Mar.  Press,  Sept.  8,  1910.  Work  jiuaranteed  in  writing 
for  twenty  years:  electrical  appliances  for  the  saving  of  -all 
pain;  bring  this  "ad"  it  is  worth  five  per  cent,  discount.  (Great 
advertisers. ) 

Leader,  Aug.  8,  1910. 

Talks  on  Teeth  by  R.  Sidney,  IMillman,  D.  D.  S.  Natural 
Looking  Beautiful  Teeth.  This  "ad"  covers  half  a  column  and 
says,  in  part:  "By  our  Alveolar  ^lethod — owned,  patented  and 
practiced  exclusively  in  Cleveland  by  us — teeth  are  fitted  on 
the  gums  permanently,  and  anyone  having  two  or  more  teeth, 
loose  or  tight,  decayed  or  sound,  can  possess  them.  Riggs'  dis- 
ease— pronounced  incurable  by  old  method  dentists — is  perma- 
nently cured  by  our  method.  If  your  gums  are  sore  and  bleed 
easily,  our  treatment  never  fails  to  cure.  Let  us  look  your 
teeth  over,  this  will  cost  you  nothing.  If  you  are  suffering  from 
poor  dentistry  or  have  lost  all  your  teeth,  our  new  Anchor  plate 
is  guaranteed  to  remain  in  place.  We  regulate  twisted,  crooked, 
protruding  teeth,  tighten  loose  teeth  permanently.  Crowns, 
fillings,  porcelain  and  gold  applied  without  pain,  and  without 
much  time  in  the  chair.  If  you  cannot  call,  write  for  our  free 
book.  Success  of  this  method  has  caused  imitators  to  spring  up 
who  copy  our  advertisements.  Be  sure  and  come  to  the  only 
place  in  Cleveland  for  the  Alveolar  ^Method.  Dr.  R.  Sidney 
Millman,  280,  The  Arcade.      (Great  advertiser). 


Advertisements  from  Directories 


The  writei^  has  copied  everything  that  ap- 
peared in  the  directoiies  beginning  with  1837 
(the  fii^st)  up  to  and  inclusive  of  1867-8  because 
the  names  of  dentists,  location  of  offices,  and  ad- 
vertisements, ai^e  of  historical  i7tte7^est.  After 
the  last  date,  the  directories  <^;t  easily  accessible. 


154 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  155 

Directories  were  not  published  every  year. 

1837.— B.  Strickland,  Central  Buildings,  1-3-5-7  Superior 
St.,  residence,  American  House.  Coredon  and  Sargeant,  o 
Franklin  Building,  corner  Superior  Lane  and  Water  St.  (Su- 
perior Lane  was  that  part  of  Superior  St.  from  Water  St.  down 
the  hill  to  the  river).     Pop.  about  5,000. 

1845.— B.  Strickland,  125  Superior  St.  M.  L.  Wright,  94 
Superior  St.  Wm.  Bailey,  135  Superior  St.  Samuel  Spencer, 
44  St.  Clair  St.  Jas.  C.  Aiken,  20  Prospect  St.  Population, 
9,573. 

1846.— B.  Strickland,  125  Superior  St.  F.  S.  Slosson,  13 
Superior  St.  Wright  and  Hamlen,  94  Superior  St.  F.  S.  Slos- 
son, Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentist.  INIr.  S.  will  perform  all 
operations  connected  with  his  profession,  in  the  most  approved 
style  of  Eastern  cities.  Full  sets  of  teeth  inserted  on  double 
or  single  plate  by  atmospheric  pressure,  or  by  cylinder  attach- 
ment, which  secures  against  irritation  often  experienced  in  the 
usual  method  of  attaching  springs.  Minor  sets  inserted,  and 
teeth  filled  in  the  best  manner,  135  Superior  St.  Drs.  Wright 
and  Hamlen,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentists,  are  prepared 
to  furnish,  with  promptness  and  despaLoh,  anything  in  the  line 
of  Dental  Surgery,  from  a  toothpick,  up  to  a  full  set  of  ]\lin- 
eral  Teeth  mounted  on  gold  plat'^,  in  the  latest  and  most  ap- 
proved styles  of  the  old  and  new  world,  on  reasonable  terms, 
94  Superior  St.,  up  stairs.     Population  10,135. 

1846-7.— B.  Strickland,  125  Superior  St.  F.  S.  Slosson,  13 
Superior  St.  Wright  and  Hamlen,  94  Superior  St.  Slosson  has 
the  same  "ad"  here  as  in  the  preceding  directory.  Wright  and 
Hamlen  have  same  "ad"  as  before,  only  they  have  added  a 
"cut"  of  two  molars,  and  an  upper  and  lower  denture. 

1848.— B.  Strickland,  M.  L.  Wright,  F.  S.  Slosson,  L.  D. 
Parker,  E.  L.  Dodd,  Chas.  Bunn.  Wm.  Fiske,  drugs,  medicine, 
oil,  varnish,  dyestuff,  gold  leaf.  Dental  and  Surgical  Instru- 
ments, Teeth  and  Foils,  No.  11  Superior  St. 

1850.— A.  D.  Bigelow,  W.  W.  Gray,  B.  Pearce,  F.  S.  Slos- 
son, Dr.  Wright,  Surgeon  Dentist,  sole  agent  for  the  sale  of  Dr. 
Levett's  Patent  Enamel  for  Ohio,  74  Superior  St.    B.  F.  Robin- 


156  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

son,  manufacturer  of  Mineral  Teeth  and  Surgeon  Dentist.  Dr. 
Strickland,  Mineral  Teeth  made  in  Blocks,  a  perfect  imitation 
of  natural  teeth  and  gums.  Those  interested  will  please  call  at 
the  old  rooms,  125  Superior  St.  and  see  for  themselves.  Popu- 
lation 17,031. 

1850-1.— W.  W.  Gray,  B.  Pearce,  M.  L.  Wright.  A.  D. 
Bigelow,  Dentist,  Cleveland,  0.,  office  corner  Superior  and  Bank 
Sts..  boards  at  the  Weddell  House.  B.  F.  Robinson,  Surgeon 
Dentist  and  manufacturer  of  IMineral  Teeth,  will  perform  all 
operations  in  dentistry  in  the  best  possible  manner,  office  in 
New  Bank  Building,  corner  Superior  and  Bank  Streets.  With 
this  "ad"  is  a  "cut"  of  an  upper  denture. 

F.  S.  Slosson,  Surgical  and  Mechanical  Dentist,  attends  to 
all  operations  connected  with  his  profession  at  No.  143  Superior 
St.,  corner  Public  Square,  Cleveland,  0.  With  this  "ad"  is  a 
"cut"  of  an  upper  denture. 

Mineral  Teeth. — Dr.  Strickland  has  pleasure  of  informing 
his  friends  that  he  has  recently  improved  teeth,  made  in  blocks, 
a  very  perfect  imitation  of  the  natural  teeth  and  gums.  Teeth 
made  in  this  way,  appear  far  more  natural  when  inserted  in 
the  mouth,  than  those  made  in  the  usual  way.  This  gum  pos- 
sesses permanency,  both  of  strength  and  color,  equal  to  the  best 
Mineral  Teeth,  and  is  in  no  respect  liable  to  the  prominent  ob- 
jections found  against  spurious  and  imperfect  articles  that  have 
been  used  to  imitate  the  gums.  Those  interested  will  please  call 
at  the  old  rooms  No.  125  Superior  Street  and  see  for  themselves. 
Accompanying  this  "ad"  is  a  "cut"  of  an  upper  denture.  Both 
before  and  after  this  date  the  M.  D.'s  advertised  more  or  less. 

1852.— H.  P.  Burdick,  71  Prospect  St.  J.  Lukins,  9  On- 
tario St.  S.  P.  Short,  58  Seneca  St.  W.  P.  Horton,  125  Su- 
perior St.  B.  Strickland,  125  Superior  St.  F.  S.  Slosson,  Pub- 
lic quare,  cor.  Superior  St.  A.  D.  Bigelow,  Over  Merchants' 
Bank.  M.  L.  Wright,  106  Superior  St.  B.  F.  Eobinson  and  N. 
H.  Ambler,  Kelley's  Block.  Fiske  and  Hall,  Druggists,  No.  11 
Superior  St.     They  kept  dental  supplies.    Population  25,670. 

1852-3.— H.  P.  Burdick,  J.  Lukins,  A.  D.  Bigelow,  F.  S. 
Slosson,  ]\r.  L.  Wright,  B.  F.  Eobinson  and  N.  H.  Ambler  (part- 


liJSTuKY  OF  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  157 

ners).     Drs.  Strickland  and  ITorton,  Dentists,  No.  125  Superior 
Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Sole  proprietors  (in  Cuyahoga  County)  of  Dr.  Allen's 
patent  mode  of  setting  Artificial  Teeth,  with  a  continuous  gum 
fused  upon  the  plate  around  the  base  of  the  teeth,  so  as  to  ex- 
clude all  impurities  which  usually  lodge  in  joints  between,  and 
under  the  end  of  artificial  teeth.  Specimens  of  teeth  to  be  seen 
at  our  rooms.  All  operations  necessary  for  the  beauty  and 
preservation  of  the  natural  teeth  performed  in  the  best  manner. 

S.  P.  Short,  Dental  Surgeon,  may  be  consulted  at  his  labor- 
atory 50  Seneca  St.,  or  at  the  Daguerrean  rooms  of  Mrs.  Short, 
Miller's  Block.     All  operations  warranted.     Population  30,000. 

1856. — B.  F.  and  J.  A.  Robinson  (brothers).  Dentists  and 
Manufacturers  of  Mineral  Teeth.  Rouse  Block,  corner  of  Su- 
perior St.,  and  Public  Square,  Cleveland. 

1857.— N.  H.  Ambler,  W.  H.  Atkinson,  E.  G.  Burger,  B. 
F.  and  J.  A.  Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson,  B.  Strickland,  W.  P.  Hor- 
ton,  M.  L.  Wright,  A.  P.  Morse,  A.  B.  Halliwell,  L.  C.  Ingersoll. 

Joseph  Willson,  Dentist,  27  Perry  St.,  performs  all  opera- 
tions appertaining  to  his  profession  in  a  careful,  durable  and 
satisfactory  manner.  Artificial  Teeth  on  Pivots,  or  on  Gold, 
Silver,  or  Palladium  Plate.  Toothache  cured,  and  teeth  filled 
and  preserved  through  life  if  taken  in  time. 

A.  B.  Halliwell,  M.  D.,  Dental  Surgeon,  over  Churchill's 
Drug  Store,  returns  his  thanks  for  the  extensive  practice  he  has 
received  from  the  public  of  Cleveland  and  vicinity  the  past  four 
years,  and  will  be  pleased  to  see  old  or  new  patrons  and  friends 
at  his  office  from  8  A.  M.  to  6  P.  M.,  Sundays  excepted.  Filling 
decayed  teeth  with  his  celebrated  White  Terro  Paste  which  never 
changes  color,  and  makes  a  decayed  tooth  into  a  solid  subtsance, 
useful  for  mastication  and  articulation,  preventing  toothache, 
and  lasting  many  years.  Pivot  tooth  $1.  Complete  set  on  silver 
$30.  Complete  gold  $75.  Filled  with  gold  foil  or  crystallized  $1 
and  upwards.  Wm.  Fiske,  Druggist,  23  Superior  St.  Dental 
supplies. 

1857-8.— Ambler  (N.  H.),  Dickerson  and  McCune,  154  Su- 
perior St.     W.  H.  Atkinson,  93  Superior  St.     C.  R.  Butler,  93 


158  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Superior  St.  E.  G.  Burger,  113  Superior  St.  A.  B.  Halliwell, 
2  S.  Ontario  St.  W.  P.  Horton,  Chapin's  Block.  L.  C.  Inger- 
soll,  Columbus  Block,  West  side.  Eodney  Mathews,  10  Public 
Square.  W.  S.  Mawson,  ISli/o  S.  Erie.  E.  Meritt  and  Co.,  4 
Chapins  Block.  J.  G.  Moore,  Columbus  Block,  West  side.  Rob- 
inson Brothers,  (B.  F.,  J.  A.),  135  Superior  St.  F.  S.  Slosson, 
Public  Square.  B.  Strickland,  125  Superior  St.  Jos.  Willson, 
27  S.  Perry  St. 

Robinson  Brothers,  Dentists,  Manufacturers  of  porcelain 
teeth,  also  block  and  single  mineral  teeth,  Rouse  Block,  Cleve- 
land. 

M.  L.  Wright  and  Co.,  190  St.  Clair  St.,  have  a  full  page 
"ad"  and  were  awarded  a  diploma  for  Mineral  Teeth.  The 
teeth  and  plate  are  made  of  a  solid  piece  of  true  porcelain.  Pat. 
in  U.  S.  May  7,  1854,  England  and  France,  Oct.,  1854.  (H.  A. 
Ackley,  M.  D.,  and  T.  Garlick,  M.  D.,  gave  Wright  and  Co.  val- 
uable testimonials  regarding  their  work). 

1859-60.— W.  H.  Atkinson,  W.  J.  Beattie,  Frank  C.  Briggs, 
E.  G.  Burger,  S.  B.  Burnham,  M.  J.  Dickerson,  Jas.  Goodwillie, 
W.  S.  Guild,  Halliwell  and  Daniels,  Geo.  Langsdorff,  W.  Le- 
Baron,  A.  P.  Morse,  B.  F.  Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson,  B.  Strick- 
land, Jos.  Willson,  M.  L.  Wright. 

J.  G.  Moore,  Surgeon  Dentist,  office  235  Superior  St.,  over 
Fogg's  China  Store,  (extracts  and  replants  teeth).  W.  P.  Hor- 
ton, late  of  the  firm  of  Strickland  and  Horton,  Dentist,  corner 
of  Euclid  St.  and  Public  Square. 

Dentistry  at  211  Superior  St.,  Cleveland.  If  your  teeth 
are  good,  read  the  following  lines.  If  your  teeth  are  bad,  read 
them  with  great  care.  If  you  have  no  teeth  at  all,  lisp.  A  fact 
that  is  daily  exhibited  in  the  streets,  in  the  social  circle  and  in 
the  parlor,  by  the  humblest  person  and  the  proudest  autocrat  is, 
that  hundreds  of  persons  lost  good  sets  of  teeth  for  the  want 
of  the  timelj^  aid  of  a  good  and  skillful  dentist.  A  poor  and 
inferior  operation  is  in  many  cases  worse  than  none  at  all.  If 
your  teeth  are  good,  have  them  examined  by  a  good  dentist, 
and  keep  them  in  order.     If  poor,  no  time  should  be  lost,  but 


History  of  Dentistkv  int  Ci.eveland  159 

have  them  repaired,  the  sooner  the  better,  and  escape  that  wiiicli 
Burns  says,  is  the  hell  of  all  diseases.  All  irregularities  of  the 
teeth  should  be  attended  to  in  childhood  and  youth.  All  persons 
desirous  of  fine  dental  operations  are  invited  to  call  at  my  room, 
where  particular  attention  is  given  to  the  preservation  of  the 
natural  teeth,  where  the  vulcanized  coralite,  or  Gutta-percha 
base  for  artificial  teeth  is  manufactured,  and  all  varieties  of 
artificial  are  put  up  in  the  best  manner.  W.  B.  Ingersoll,  Marble 
Block.     Population  per  U.  S.  Census,  43,883. 

1861.— N.  II.  Ambler,  W.  li.  Atkinson,  W.  J.  Beattie,  F. 

C.  Briggs,  L.  Buflfett,  E.  G.  Burger,  S.  B.  Burnham,  M.  J.  Dick- 
erson,  Jas.  Goodwillie,  W.  S.  Guild,  Halliwell  and  Daniels  (Yo 
page  "ad"),  W.  P.  Horton,  W.  B.  Ingersoll,  W.  LeBaron,  J.  G. 
Moore,  A.  P.  Morse,  B.  F.  Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson,  B.  Strick- 
land, Jos.  Willson,  M.  L.  Wright  and  Lewis  Buffett  who  has  an 
"ad". 

Langsdorf¥  and  Koch,  Dentists,  48  Public  Square.  G.  W. 
Clark,  Druggist,  119  Superior  St.,  dental  supplies. 

1861-2.— N.  H.  Ambler,  Atkinson  and  Butler,  F.  C.  Briggs. 
L.  Buffett,  M.  J.  Dickerson,  W.  S.  Guild,  Halliwell  and  Daniels, 
W.  P.  Horton,  G.  Langsdorff,  J.  G.  ^loore,  A.  P.  Morse,  B. 
Pearce,  Pollock  and  Finch,  B.  F.  Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson,  B. 
Strickland,  M.  L.  Wright. 

1863-4.— N.  H.  Ambler,  F.  C.  Briggs,  L.  Buffett,  C.  R.  But- 
ler, M.  J.  Dickerson,  W.  P.  Horton,  J.  G.  Moore,  A.  P.  Morse, 

D.  and  J.  Pollock,  B.  F.  Robinson,  J.  E.  Robinson,  F.  S.  Slos- 
son, J.  C.  Stephan,  B.  Strickland,  Dentistry. 

Special  attention  given  to  dentistry  in  all  it  branches.  Fill- 
ing and  cleansing  decayed  and  adjusting  irregular  teeth.  Whole 
and  parts  of  sets  put  in  upon  the  most  approved  method,  with 
the  best  of  materials,  and  warranted  to  give  satisfaction.  By 
N.  H.  Ambler,  Dentist,  Dental  Rooms,  No.  236  Superior  Street. 

Dentistry. — Dr.  J.  E.  Robinson,  Dentist,  No.  253  Superior 
Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  over  Marchand's  Millinery  Store.  Den- 
tistry of  all  the  improved  styles  done  in  the  best  manner,  and 
at  reasonable  rates. 


160  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

A  Single  Tooth  One  Dollar. — Artificial  Teeth  upon  Vulcan- 
ized Rubber  Base,  with  our  mode  of  inserting,  is  pronounced  by 
all  to  be  the  most  life-like  and  useful  in  eating,  speaking  or 
singing.  They  can  be  fitted  over  any  remaining  roots  without 
giving  pain,  and  warranted  to  fit,  for  less  than  half  our  former 
prices.  Experience  has  brought  the  practice  of  our  profession 
to  so  high  a  degree  of  perfection,  that  partial  or  entire  sets  can 
be  made  without  the  least  inconvenience  to  the  patients  and 
undistinguishable  from  Natural  Teeth  for  $10,  $15,  $20  per 
set.  Established  over  ten  years,  corner  Ontatrio  Street  and  Pub- 
lic Square,   Halliwell  and  Daniels,  Dentists. 

G.  W.  Clark,  Druggist,  119  Superior  St.,  Dental  Supplies. 

1864-5.— N.  H.  Ambler,  F.  C.  Briggs,  L.  Buffett,  C.  R.  But- 
ler, M.  J.  Dickerson,  W.  P.  Horton,  Halliwell  and  Daniels,  J. 
G.  Moore,  A.  P.  Morse,  H.  H.  Newton,  B.  F.  Robinson,  J.  E. 
Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson,  J.  C.  Stephan,  B.  Strickland.  Halli- 
well and  Daniels,  Stephan,  Newton,  J.  E.  Robinsan  have  "ads". 
The  M.  D.'s  also  have  "ads".  G.  W.  Clark  119  Superior  St., 
Dental  Supplier. 

1865-6.— N.  H.  Ambler,  F.  C.  Briggs,  L.  Buffett,  C.  R.  But- 
ler, M.  J.  Dickerson,  Halliwell  and  Daniels,  W.  P.  Horton,  J. 
G.  Moore,  A.  P.  Morse,  H.  H.  Newton,  B.  F.  Robinson,  J.  E. 
Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson,  J.  C.  Stephan,  B.  Strickland,  J.  Green- 
field. 

1866-7.— N.  H.  Ambler,  H.  L.  Ambler,  F.  C.  Briggs,  L.  Buf- 
fett, C.  R.  Butler,  J.  R.  Daniels,  Jno.  Greenfield,  A.  B.  Halli- 
well, W.  P.  Horton,  J.  J.  King,  A.  P.  Morse,  H.  H.  Newton, 
R.  R.  Peebles,  B.  F.  Robinson,  J.  E.  Robinson,  F.  S.  Slosson, 
John  Stephan,  J.  C.  Stephan,  B.  Strickland. 

J.  R.  Daniels,  Dentist,  South  Side  Public  Square,  over 
Hartness  and  Shannon's  Drug  Store,  corner  Ontario  Street. 
An  upper  or  lower  set  of  teeth  $10. 

Alex.  B.  Halliwell,  M.  D.,  Surgeon  Dentist,  85  Michigan 
St.  One  door  from  Ontario  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Dr.  H. 
returns  many  thanks  for  the  great  patronage  he  has  been  fav- 
ored with  for  the  past  twelve  years,  and  will  be  pleased  to  see 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  161 

his  old,  and  as  many  new  patrons  as  may  please  to  call  at  his 
new  establishment.  This  "ad"  is  accompanied  with  a  picture  of 
Halli well's  Block. 

C.  R.  Butler,  D.  D.  8.,  all  operations  in  dentistry  made  in 
the  best  manner.  Office  No.  282  Superior  Street.  Artificial 
teeth  mounted  on  continuous  gums,  gold  and  vulcanized  rubber 
base.     Population  67,500. 

1867-8.— A.  Ackerman,  N.  H.  Ambler,  H.  L.  Ambler,  N.  M. 
Beckwith,  F.  C.  Briggs,  I.  W.  Brown  and  Burns,  S.  B.  Bum- 
ham,  C.  R.  Butler,  J.  R.  Daniels,  Halliwell  and  Greenfield,  W. 
P.  and  R.  Horton,  Jacob  Karl,  Jos.  King,  A.  P.  Morse,  H.  H. 
Newton,  R.  R.  Peebles,  B.  F.  Robinson,  J.  E.  Robinson,  F.  S. 
Slosson,  John  Stephan,  Benj.  Strickland. 

Bigelow  Lodge  No.  243.  Stated  meetings  are  held  in  Ma- 
sonic Hall,  Franklin  Street,  on  the  second  and  fourth  Wednes- 
days in  each  month.  (This  Lodge  was  named  for  A.  D.  Bige- 
low, dentist,  and  J.  E.  Robinson,  dentist,  was  the  Tyler). 

G.  W.  Clark,  Druggist,  Dental  Supplies. 


Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association 


About  thirty-five  dentists,  mostly  from  Northern  Ohio, 
met  in  Tremont  Hall,  Cleveland,  Nov.  3,  1857,  and  organized 
the  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association  which  is  now  large  and 
prosperous;  on  its  fiftieth  anniversary  the  writer  had  compiled 
and  published  for  the  association  its  "Partial  Transactions," 
including  pictures  and  biographical  sketches  of  some  of  those 
who  helped  to  organize  it  and  also  a  picture  of  Tremont  Hall, 
which  was  located  on  the  North  side  of  the  Public  Square,  just 
across  from  the  present  Court  House,  on  the  corner  of  the  alley 
(now  W.  2nd  St.),  which  leads  from  the  Square  (or  as  it  was 
called  then,  Rockwell  St.)  to  St.  Clair  St.  The  building  was 
originally  two  stories,  and  Mr.  Bramley  kept  a  bakery  in  the 
first  one  and  the  Hall  was  in  the  second,  later  the  building  was 
remodeled  (and  named  Park  Building),  and  one  story  was 
added  and  L.  A.  Keppner  kept  gentlemen's  furnishings  on  the 
first  floor  and  the  upper  floors  Avere  used  for  offices,  the  hall 
being  done  away  with.  Later  on  S.  C.  Greene  bought  out  Kepp- 
ner and  continued  the  same  business. 

The  hall  was  used  for  fairs,  dances,  spiritual  meetings,  etc., 
but  in  1883  the  building  was  razed  and  Wick  Block  erected  on 
the  site.  For  further  information  see  Partial  Transactions  of 
the  Northern  Ohio  Dental  Association,  by  H.  L.  Ambler. 


162 


ITlSTOKY    OK    DeNTIHTRY    IN    Cl.KVKF.ANI) 


163 


TREMONT    HALL,    CLEVELAND,   OHIO 

Public  Square,  Cleveland,  1857 

Tremont  Hall  indicated  by  white  arrow 

Courtesy  of  the   Western  Reserve  Historical  Society 


Forest  City  Society  Dental  Surgeons 


Sept.  12,  1868,  the  following  named  dentists  met  at  W.  P. 
Horton's  office  in  Cleveland  for  the  purpose  of  forming  a  dental 
society;  B.  Strickland,  F.  S.  Slosson,  Corydon  Palmer,  L.  and 
C.  Buffett,  C.  R.  Butler,  B.  T.  Spelman,  H.  L.  Ambler.  B. 
Strickland,  chairman ;  L.  Buffett,  Rec.  Sec. 

An  adjourned  meeting  was  held  at  the  same  place  Oct.  3, 
1868,  to  transact  business  and  consider  a  constitution  and  by- 
laws. 

Dec.  1,  1868,  an  adjourned  meeting  was  held  at  L.  and  C. 
Buffett 's  office  and  a  name,  and  constitution  and  by-laws  were 
adopted,  and  officers  elected,  viz. :  B.  Strickland,  Pres. ;  F.  S. 
Whitslar,  Vice-Pres. :  H.  L.  Ambler,  Rec,  Sec.  ;C.  Buffett,  Cor. 
Sec;  F.  S.  Slosson,  Treas. ;  C.  H.  Harroun,  Corydon  Palmer, 
C.  R.  Butler,  Councilmen. 

June  1,  1869  the  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  the  presi- 
dent and  the  following  signed  the  constitution  and.  by-laws :  B. 
Strickland,  F.  S.  Slosson,  C.  and  L.  Buffett,  C.  R.  Butler,  F.  S. 
Whitslar,  Corydon  Palmer,  B.  T.  Spelman,  H.  L.  Ambler,  A. 
Terry. 

A  clamp  was  shown  for  closing  the  opening  of  Steno's  duct 
and  it  was  on  the  same  principle  as  the  one  on  the  market  now 
(1909),  but  the  end  which  covered  the  opening  of  the  duct  had 
a  disk  of  pipe-clay  in  it. 

For  pericementitis,  several  are  using  one-sixth  grain  mor- 
phin,  or  a  drop  of  aconite  tincture  injected  locally  over  the  root 
of  the  diseased  tooth. 

H.  L.  Ambler  presented  a  patient  with  an  artificial  nose 
(he  made)  of  pink  vulcanite,  which  was  held  in  place  by  a  gold 
pin  passing  into  an  opening  in  the  nares  and  further  secured 
by  spectacles. 

Arsenous  acid  is  decried  for  devitalizing  pulps — pulverized 
mineral  cobalt  is  better. 

164 


TTiSTOKY  OF  Dentistry  in  Ci-eveland  165 

Corydon  Palmer,  for  convenience  in  describing  teeth  or 
operations  on  them,  divides  the  mouth  (teeth)  beginning  at  the 
mesial  line,  into  right  and  left  superior  (upper)  and  right  and 
left  inferior  (lower)  sections;  the  teeth  are  to  be  numbered  from 
one  to  eight  inclusive  in  each  section  and  accompanied  with  a 
set  of  characters  specifying  what  kind  of  an  operation  had  been 
made  and  its  location  in  the  tooth.  ^laybe  this  was  the  first 
time  such  a  division  had  been  presented.  June  7,  1870,  officers 
elected  for  the  ensuing  year:  Pres.,  C.  R.  Butler;  Vice-Pres., 
L.  Buffett;  Rec.  Sec,  H.  L.  Ambler;  Cor.  Sec,  C.  Buffett; 
Treas.,  B.  Strickland :  Councilmen,  Corydon  Palmer,  A.  Terry, 
F.  S.  Whitslar. 

On  behalf  of  this  society  Corydon  Palmer  appeared  before 
the  American  Dental  Association  and  exhibited  and  explained 
his  beautiful  models  of  the  natural  teeth,  in  regard  to  which, 
special  mention  is  made  in  the  report  of  that  society. 

He  also  presented  specimens  of  old,  well-seasoned  locust 
wood,  to  be  used  for  wedges. 

June  6,  1871,  officers  elected  for  the  ensuing  year:  Pres., 
C.  R.  Butler;  Vice-Pres.,  B.  T.  Spelman;  Rec.  Sec,  H.  L.  Am- 
bler; Cor.  Sec,  C.  Buffett;  Treas.,  L.  Buffett;  Councilmen,  C. 
Palmer,  C.  H.  Harroun,  F.  S.  Slosson. 

H.  L.  Ambler  said  that  he  had  furnished  the  Ohio  Farmer, 
a  paper  published  here,  with  a  series  of  articles  on  "Preserva- 
tion of  the  Teeth ; ' '  these  articles  were  written  at  the  solicitation 
of  the  editor.  He  also  reported  a  case  where  he  made  a  restora- 
tion of  the  right  nasal  ala  with  celluloid. 

C.  R.  Butler  reported  a  case  where  he  extracted  an  upper 
cuspid  which  was  imbedded  horizontally  in  the  alveolar  process. 

In  correcting  irregularities  of  the  teeth  C.  H.  Harroun 
uses  Watt  and  Williams  metal  for  stay  plates. 

B.  T.  Spelman  uses  gold  band  and  ligatures. 

C.  R.  Butler  used  bands  of  pyroxiline.  Corydon  Palmer 
exhibited  some  beautiful  filling  instruments  which  he  made  par- 
ticularly for  reaching  parts  of  a  cavity  the  most  difficult  to  fill 
successfully  by  using  the  hand  mallet. 

B.  T.  Spelman  drills  eight  or  more  small  holes  on  the  end  of 
a  root,  then  fills  and  connects  them  with  gold  foil  even  with  the 


166  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

end,  and  then  puts  on  number  120  foil  to  make  a  covering  for 
the  end  of  the  root ;  then  drill  into  the  root-canal  and  set  a 
pivot  tooth. 

C.  R.  Butler  said  that  heavy  gold  foil  (30  to  60)  would  pro- 
duce a  better  edge  than  light  foil,  and  it  does  not  require  any 
more  force  to  condense,  and  it  also  makes  a  stronger  contour 
filling  and  a  better  masticating  surface  with  less  labor  than 
with  light  foil.  Root-canals  he  fills  with  zinc — oxychlorid  and 
fibres  of  gold. 

The  Ohio  State  Board  of  Dental  Examiners  (J.  Taft,  M. 
DeCamp,  H.  A.  Smith)  being  in  session  here,  were  invited,  and 
accepted  an  invitation  to  attend  our  meeting.  J.  Taft  and  M. 
DeCamp  joined  our  society. 

Cleveland,  Ohio,  May  7,  1871. 

This  is  to  certify  that  I,  the  undersigned,  being  desirous  of 
becoming  a  member  of  the  Forest  City  Society  of  Dental  Sur- 
geons, do  hereby  present  this  application,  in  compliance  with 
the  constittuion  of  said  society. 

Most  respectfully, 

J.  Taft. 

Recommended  by  Corydon  Palmer  and  C.  R.  Butler. 

June  3,  1873,  the  Society  met  at  the  office  of  C.  R.  Butler 
and  later  at  L.  and  C.  Buffett's,  and  after  transatcing  some 
miscellaneous  business  and  discussing  different  subjects,  it  was 
moved  and  carried.  That  the  treasurer  be  instructed  to  return 
to  the  members — pro  rata — whatever  money  there  was  in  his 
hands.     Adjourned  sine  die. 

At  the  last  meeting  B.  T.  Spelman  read  the  following: 
Throughout  the  country  the  laboratories  of  many  of  our  best 
men  are  closed,  and  the  greatest  portion  of  the  balance  are  in 
a  neglected  and  fruitless  condition.  Men  to  whom  we  confi- 
dently looked  to  bring  out  something  new  and  valuable  in  this 
department,  have  left  it  in  sorrow  and  disgust,  and  since  the 
advent  of  rubber  nothing  has  been  brought  out  in  the  mechan- 
ical department  which  will  not  die  when  rubber  makes  its  exit. 
Honest  men  have  discovered  the  uselessness  of  rubber  for  dental 
plates.  There  is  a  growing  desire  on  the  part  of  the  profession 
and  patients  to  return  to  the  time  honored  gold  plates  and  con- 
tinuous gum  work. 


Cleveland  City  Dental  Society  and 
Dentistry  in  Public  Schools 


A.  W.  Harlan,  of  Chicago,  later  of  New  York,  when  at  the 
Ohio  State  Dental  Society  which  met  in  Toledo,  1886,  suggested 
to  H.  Barnes  the  desirability  of  forming  a  dental  society  in 
Cleveland  and  he  mentioned  it  to  other  Cleveland  dentists  who 
were  there  and  they  agreed  to  try  and  do  so  when  they  reached 
home,  and  that  their  etforts  were  successful,  is  shown  by  the 
■  following : 

Nov.  6,  1886  the  dentists  who  met  at  the  office  of  D.  E. 
Jennings  and  decided  to  form  a  local  dental  society  were :  Henry 
Barnes,  P.  H.  Keese,  H.  F.  Harvey,  J.  Stephan,  J.  E.  Robinson, 
S.  B.  Dewey,  H.  M.  Albaugh,  J.  R.  Owens.  The  chairman  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  present  a  constittuion  and  by-laws  at 
the  next  meeting.    D.  R.  Jennings,  Chairman :  J.  R.  Owens,  Sec. 

At  a  meeting  held  Nov.  25th,  a  constitution  and  by-laws 
were  adopted.  Dec.  4th  a  permanent  organization  was  formed 
and  officers  elected  viz.:  Pres.,  D.  R.  Jennings;  Vice-Pres..  J. 
Stephan ;  Sec,  P.  H.  Keese ;  Treas.,  S.  B.  Dewey.  Several  sub- 
sequent meetings  were  held  at  Cogswell's  dental  depot  in  the 
Benedict  building. 

Charter  members :  D.  R.  Jennings,  J.  E.  Robinson,  C.  R. 
Butler,  Lewis  Butfett,  H.  H.  Newton,  John  Stephan,  S.  B. 
Dewey,  P.  H.  Keese,  Henry  Barnes,  G.  R.  Goulding,  J.  R. 
Owens,  I.  E.  Sampsell,  J.  R.  Bell;  in  April,  1911,  this  number 
had  increased  to  136  active  members. 

The  society  generally  met  on  the  first  Monday  of  each 
month — except  Aug.  and  Sept.,  at  three  P.  M.,  but  later  on  there 
was  a  five  o'clock  dinner  accompanied  with  a  "paper"  and  dis- 
cussions; this  arrangement  visibly  increased  the  attendance  and 
it  has  been  continued  up  to  the  present,  now  meets  every  month 
except  June,  July,  Aug.,  Sept.,  Dec.  The  first  meeting  at  "The 

167 


168 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 


Hollenden"  was  Jan.  10,  1891;  the  last  Feb.,  1903.  There  have 
been  two  "Ladies'  Nights,"  1897,  1908. 

This  society  has  been  a  great  factor  for  good,  professionally 
and  to  the  commonwealth. 

Besides  the  regular  papers  by  members,  some  of  them  have 
given  clinics  before  the  society  and  at  their  offices  and  also  pre- 
sented interesting  cases,  appliances,  methods,  formulae,  etc. 

Some  of  the  best  dental  talent  from  other  cities  has  ap- 
peared before  the  society  for  papers  and  clinics.  Through  the 
educational  committee  and  the  Cleveland  Municipal  Charity 
Clinic,  the  public  has  been  greatly  benefited. 

Another  step  in  advance,  was  the  adoption  of  a  new  con- 
stitution and  by-laws  (Apr.,  1909),  making  this  a  component 
society  of  the  Ohio  State  Dental  Society. 

This  is  in  keeping  with  the  best  thought  of  the  day  for  the 
purpose  of  increasing  the  membership  and  effectiveness  of  den- 
tal societies;  a  few  states  have  already  applied  the  idea  of  mak- 
ing all  societies  in  the  respective  states,  component  societies  of 
their  state  society  and  it  has  brought  about  gratifying  results. 


ex-presidents. 

1886 

D.  R.  Jennings. 

1898 

H.  L.  Ambler. 

1887 

I.   W.   Brown. 

1899 

J.  F.  Stephan. 

1888 

J.  R,  Owens. 

1900 

W.  A.  Siddall. 

1889 

S.  B.  Dewey. 

1901 

W.  A.  Price. 

1890 

H.  Barnes. 

1902 

F.  J.  Spargur. 

1891 

W.  T.  Jackman. 

1903 

J.  W.  McDill. 

1904 

G.  N.  Wasser. 

1892 

H.  F.  Harvey. 

1905 

D.  H.  Ziegler. 

1893 

W.  H.  Whitslar. 

1906 

J.  M.  Yahres. 

1894 

J.  R.  Bell. 

1907 

M.  C.  Ramaley, 

1895 

C.  R.  Butler. 

1908 

F.  H.  Acker. 

1896 

G.  H.  Wilson. 

1909 

W.  G.  Ebersole, 

1897 

J.  W.  Van  Doom. 

1910 

J.  T.  Newton. 

In  1897  the  City  Dental  Society  appointed  G.  H.  Wilson, 
W.  A.  Price,  W.  G.  Ebersole,  as  a  Committee  on  Dental  Instruc- 
tion in  the  public  schools,  and  after  consultation  with  Supt. 
Jones  they  prepared  a  card  of  valuable  instructions,  on  the 
nature,  use  and  care  of  the  teeth,  which  were  given  through  the 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  169 

school  teachers  to  the  pupils,  thus  doins'  some  good.  Another 
item  accomplished,  was  a  slight  betterment  of  the  chapter  on  the 
teeth  in  the  school  physiology. 

Much  later  the  Committee  on  Oral  Hygiene;  W.  G.  Eber- 
sole,  J.  R.  Owens,  W.  A.  Price,  obtained  permission  to  examine 
the  teeth  of  children  in  four  schools — this  was  done  by  mem- 
bers of  the  Society  June  14,  1909,  and  it  was  found  that  ninetj^- 
seven  per  cent,  needed  dental  services.  Later,  permission  was 
given  to  examine  the  teeth  of  all  the  public  school  children  and 
maintain  during  1910,  four  clinics  for  free  care  of  teeth  of 
needy  ones.  The  examination  was  made  and  clinics  established; 
the  School  Board  furnishing  only  rooms,  heat  and  water.  It  was 
planned  that  each  member  of  the  Society  should  give  thirty-six 
hours  of  time,  or  an  equivalent  in  money;  also  courses  of  lec- 
tures on  oral  hygiene  will  be  given  by  different  members,  to 
teachers,  children  and  parents.  Lessons  were  given  the  children 
to  teach  them  how  to  thoroughly  masticate  their  food.  After 
the  clinics  had  been  in  operation  some  time,  the  special  class 
(40)  at  Marion  school  was  given  a  mental  examination  and  it 
was  shown  that  they  had  made  an  increase  in  efficiency  of 
37.44%.     Two  clinics  were  also  established  in  parochial  schools. 

F.  H.  Acker  is  director  and  H.  R.  C.  Wilson,  secretary  of 
the  clinics.  All  clinics  were  discontinued  at  the  beginning  of 
the  holiday  vacation,  Dec,  1910. 

Dealers  in  dental  supplies,  through  the  Oral  Hygiene  Com- 
mittee National  Dental  Association,  furnished  supplies  for  the 
clinic  for  one  year.  The  equipment  was  loaned  by  the  different 
manufacturers,  to  the  Oral  Hygiene  Committee  National  Dental 
Association,  to  be  used  in  Cleveland  one  year.  The  Dental 
Manufacturers'  Club  contributed  $3,000  to  carry  on  the  work  of 
oral  hygiene,  part  of  which  was  used  in  Cleveland.  The  State 
Dental  Society  was  instrumental  in  securing  part  of  the  sup- 
plies. Members  of  the  Cleveland  Dental  Society  contributed  to 
a  fund  which  enabled  them  to  provide  for  clinicians  and  inci- 
dental expenses. 

The  Oral  Hygiene  campaign  opened  here  Mar.  18,  1910,  at 
the  Gray's  Armory  where  several  noted  speakers  made  ad- 
dresses. For  further  particulars  see  Dental  Summary,  Feb., 
Mar.,  June,  1910. 


National  Dental  Association 


The  American — now  National — Dental  Association  met 
here  in  1862  at  the  rooms  of  Atkinson  and  Butler,  then  ad- 
journed to  the  Cleveland  Medical  College — now  Medical  Depart- 
ment Western  Eeserve  University;  W.  H.  Atkinson  was  Pres. 
and  J.  Taft,  Sec. ;  at  the  end  of  three  days  adjourned  to  meet 
in  Philadelphia,  1863. 

The  Association  met  here  again  July  25-28,  1911,  with  Ed- 
ward S.  Gaylord,  Pres.,  H.  C.  Brown,  Sec;  a  large  portion  of 
the  750  members  were  present;  thus  including  guests,  there  was 
a  large  attendance.  The  Engineer's  Hall  was  used  for  general 
meetings;  Gray's  Armory  for  Clinics;  Chamber  of  Commerce 
Assembly  Hall  for  exhibitors. 


170 


Dental  Department  Homoepathic 
Hospital  College 


Name  changed  in  Dec,  1894,  to  Cleveland  University  of 
Medicine  and  Surgery  and  a  Dental  Department  was  organized 
1891,  which  graduated  its  first  class  1892.  Classes  were  grad- 
uated each  subsequent  year  up  to  Sept.,  1896,  when  the  depart- 
ment was  closed. 

The  first  facluty  consisted  of  W.  H.  Whitslar,  G.  H.  \Vil- 
son,  J.  E.  Robinson,  S.  B.  Dewey,  Henry  Barnes,  L.  P.  Bethel, 
I.  Sampsell.  G.  E.  Bishop  says  that  in  the  summer  of  1890, 
when  a  dental  student,  he  suggested  to  his  brother  H.  D.  Bishop 
the  idea  of  establishing  the  above  department,  the  latter  being 
a  member  of  the  faculty  recommended  the  idea  to  his  associates 
and  the  department  was  organized. 


171 


Dental  Department  Western  Reserve 
University 


The  Dental  Department  Western  Reserve  University  was 
organized  Mar.,  1892,  with  C.  R.  Butler,  Dean.  Catalog  1893 
contains  names  of  Faculty,  viz. :  W.  H.  Whitslar,  Sec. ;  G.  H. 
Wilson,  H.  F.  Harvey,  H.  L.  Ambler,  J.  R.  Owens,  J.  F. 
Stephan,  J.  W.  Van  Doom,  D.  R.  Jennings,  Harry  Garfield. 

At  the  close  of  the  session  C.  R.  Butler  resigned  and  H.  L. 
Ambler  was  elected  Dean,  and  he  resigned  in  1906.  The  De- 
partment moved  to  the  Bangor  Bldg.,  in  1896,  where  it  had 
rooms  well  equipped;  it  remained  there  until  1908  when  it  was 
moved  to  2450  East  9th  St. 

In  1903  H.  M.  Brown  of  Ashtabula,  assumed  the  financial 
obligations  and  took  charge  of  the  Department,  which  remained 
nominally  a  Department  of  Western  Reserve  University.  In 
1904-5  the  old  faculty  members  resigned  and  H.  M.  Brown  se- 
cured T.  J.  McLernon,  Dean,  H.  E.  Friessell,  E.  E.  Belford; 
other  members  were  young  men  from  dental  and  medical  schools 
in  the  city. 

T.  J.  McLernon  resigned  1907  and  E.  E.  Belford  was  chos- 
en Dean,  and  he  still  remains. 

The  Dentist's  Magazine 

The  Dentists'  Magazine  was  established  by  the  Cogswell 
Dental  Supply  Co.,  with  W.  T.  Jackman,  W.  G.  Ebersole,  V.  E. 
Barnes,  G.  H.  Wilson  as  editors.  The  first  issue  appeared  Dec, 
1905;  it  contained  one  hundred  pages  of  text  each  month  and 
was  well  illustrated  and  printed,  with  a  new  cover  design  each 
month.  In  1909  the  above  Co.  sold  to  Ransom  and  Randolph 
and  the  Magazine  passed  into  the  Dental  Summary  of  which 
R.  and  R.  were  the  publishers. 

172 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  173 


The  Rose  Building 

The  Rose  Building  was  erected  in  1900  and  is  the  largest 
office  building  in  Ohio,  and  has  one  hundred  offices  especially 
equipped  for  dentists,  and  they  were  all  occupied  before  1902; 
these  offices  have  water,  steam  and  sewer  lines  in  front  near 
windows,  compressed  air,  gas  and  electric  lines  are  conveniently 
located,  and  minute  details  are  carried  out  to  suit  each  prac- 
titioner. R.  K.  Pelton,  Manager. 

Hospital  for  Epileptics 

J.  W.  Culver  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  medical  staff 
of  the  Ohio  Hospital  for  Epileptics  (Gallipolis)  in  June,  1903, 
and  served  one  year.  As  the  state  law  did  not  provide  for  resi- 
dent dentists  at  that  time,  the  appointment  was  made  to  fill  a 
vacancy  in  the  medical  staff.  Dental  work  was  assigned  to  him, 
and  an  office  was  equipped  for  this  purpose.  Aside  from  the 
practice  of  dentistry,  considerable  time  was  given  to  operations 
in  oral  surgery  not  ordinarily  done  in  the  dental  office.  He  as- 
sisted in  giving  anesthetics  for  major  operations  and  also  as- 
sisted in  post-mortem  work. 


State  Hospital 

Previous  to  1905,  at  the  State  Hospital  in  Cleveland,  if  a 
patient  needed  the  services  of  a  dentist,  one  was  called  in,  as 
there  was  no  resident  dentist  nor  one  who  paid  regular  visits, 
but  about  this  time  J.  J.  Rosensteel  began  to  practice  at  the  hos- 
pital for  one-half  day  each  week,  and  continued  to  do  so  for 
about  two  years,  when  on  Dec.  1,  1907,  Dr.  C.  H.  Clark,  the 
superintendent,  appointed  E.  M.  Herrick  as  resident  dentist 
with  the  rank  of  assistant  physician  and  he  still  holds  the  posi- 
tion. Dr.  Clark  says  he  hopes  to  make  the  appointment  a  per- 
manent one. 


174  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

Municipal  Dental  Clinic 

Cleveland  Municipal  Dental  Clinic  in  charge  of  Cleveland 
Dental  Society.  At  a  meeting  of  the  society  Apr.  2,  1906,  G.  H. 
Wilson  spoke  of  the  opportunity  of  helping  the  children  of  the 
worthy  poor  in  the  city.  He  said  that  the  Board  of  Public 
Service  would  provide  materials  and  a  place  for  charitable  work. 
As  a  committee  to  report  on  definite  plans  for  this  work,  the 
president  (D.  H.  Ziegler)  appointed  G.  H.  Wilson,  W.  T.  Jack- 
man,  W.  G.  Ebersole,  H.  L.  Ambler,  J.  R.  Owens. 

May  7,  1906,  the  Committee  reported  viz.:  "Your  Commit- 
tee has  investigated  and  finds  that  the  city,  through  Director 
Cooley  and  Supt.  Emde  desires  the  dental  society  to  co-operate 
with  them  in  caring  for  the  teeth  of  the  poor  children  of  the 
city." 

The  city  will  provide  and  properly  equip  a  room  for  a  den- 
tal office  and  will  assign  Mr.  Turner  to  care  for  the  room  and 
assist  the  dentist  who  does  the  operating.  Your  Committee 
recommends,  that  the  society  agrees  to  furnish  the  services  of 
one  dentist  for  as  many  afternoons  as  necessary  for  one  year, 
also  that  the  president  appoint  a  Committee  of  fifteen — one  of 
whom  shall  be  himself — to  organize  and  superintend  this  char- 
itable work  which  shall  be  done  in  the  name  of  this  society." 

The  president  appointed:  G.  H.  Wilson,  W.  T.  Jackman,  J. 
R.  Owens,  H.  L.  Ambler,  W.  G.  Ebersole,  G.  N.  Wasser,  F.  J. 
Spargur,  G.  F.  Woodbury,  H.  Barnes,  J.  F.  Stephan,  H.  F.  Har- 
vey, J.  R.  Bell,  M.  D.  Neff,  J.  T.  Newton. 

This  Committee  met  and  later  reported :  ' '  That  the  city  will 
provide  a  room  in  the  City  Hospital  with  an  equipment  for  sim- 
ple operative  dentistry,  also  furnish  an  assistant  to  the  operator 
whom  this  society  shall  select  and  pay." 

F.  H.  Acker  volunteered  one-half  day  per  week  and  the 
Society  agreed  to  pay  him  for  a  second  half  day  per  week  for 
one  year.  The  money  to  pay  him  was  raised  by  subscription 
among  the  members  of  the  society,  by  the  finance  Committee 
(Ebersole,  Woodbury,  Newton).  The  Committee  of  fifteen 
elected  a  Board  of  Directors,  viz. :     Ambler,     Wilson,     Owens, 


History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  175 

Woodbury,  Ziegler,  to  have  full  charjie  with  power  to  act  in 
all  matters  pertaining  to  the  Charity  Clinic. 

In  order  to  obtain  patients,  blank  cards  were  given  to  the 
principals  of  a  few  public  schools  for  distribution  to  the  worthy 
poor;  these  cards  were  filled  in  with  the  names,  residences  and 
grades  of  pupils  and  were  then  countersigned  by  the  Principal; 
then  they  were  presented  to  the  clinician  who  made  a  record, 
viz.:  Name,  address,  school,  grade,  age,  sex,  nationality,  par- 
ents living,  mouth  clean  or  foul,  physical  condition,  tempera- 
ment, tooth-structure,  arch,  occlusion,  etc. 

Oct.,  1907,  indigent  poor  operated  for :  German  22,  Bo- 
hemian 21,  Hungarian  8,  Irish  7,  Italian  4,  English  1.  Oper- 
ations consisted  of  cleaning,  regulating,  filling  with  amalgam, 
cement,  gutta-percha,  pulp-treatment,  root  canal  fillings  and  ex- 
tracting. This  clinic  was  opened  Oct.  16,  1906,  and  continued 
about  eighteen  months,  when  it  was  closed  because  the  city 
would  not  pay  the  clinician.  The  history  of  the  establishment 
of  the  clinic,  viz. :  H.  L.  Ambler  suggested  to  Director  of  Char- 
ities, H.  R.  Cooley,  that  such  a  clinic  be  opened,  and  he,  after 
consulting  with  G.  H.  Wilson,  and  perhaps  other  dentists,  agreed 
on  the  part  of  the  city  to  establish  the  clinic  at  the  City  Hos- 
pital. H.  R.  C.  Wilson  assisted  by  acting  through  the  teachers 
in  neighboring  schools  to  secure  patients,  thus  providing  plenty 
of  work  for  the  clinician  after  May  6,  1907. 

The  establishment  of  the  Municipal  Dental  Clinic  was  the 
main  factor  which  led  to  the  appointment  of  a  dentist  to  the 
Cleveland  Boys'  Home,  and  also  one  of  the  main  factors  which 
led  to  the  establishment  of  free  clinics  in  the  public  schools. 

Cleveland  Boys'   Home 

Oct.,  1908,  H.  R.  Cooley,  Director  of  Charities,  appointed 
H.  E.  Moffett,  dentist,  to  the  Cleveland  Boys'  Home,  at  Hudson, 
0.,  and  he  began  operations  Dec.  31,  spending  one  day  each  week 
at  the  "Home,"  and  using  his  own  judgment,  in  caring  for  the 
boys'  teeth. 

The  city  furnishes  the  office  and  materials,  and  pays  him 
a  salary.     The  work  consists  in  fillings  of  cement,  gutta  percha 


176  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

and.  amalgam,  and  treating  and  saving  teeth  if  possible,  if  not, 
they  are  extracted.  This  good  work  was  carried  on  for  ten 
months,  then  it  was  discontinued,  owing  to  a  change  in  the 
Cleveland  municipal  government. 


Cleveland  Dental  Library 

C.  R.  Strong  certainly  deserves  our  thanks,  for  upon  retir- 
ing from  practice  in  1907,  he  donated  his  dental  library  of 
thirty  bound  volumes  and  seventy  volumes  of  dental  journals, 
as  a  foundation  for  the  establishment  of  a  library.  Later  sev- 
eral dentists  met  and  organized  the  Cleveland  Dental  Library 
Association,  and  adopted  a  constitution  and  by-laws,  and  elected 
Q.  H.  Wilson,  Pres. ;  H.  L.  Ambler,  Vice-Pres. ;  H.  R.  C.  Wilson, 
Sec. ;  V.  E.  Barnes,  Tre.as.  Arangements  were  made  through 
W.  H.  Brett  with  the  Public  Library  Board  so  that  the  dental 
library  (at  the  Hough  Ave.  Branch  of  the  public  library)  be- 
comes a  part  of  the  reference  Department  of  the  Cleveland  Pub- 
lic Lbirary.  G.  H.  Wilson  has  donated  sixty  bound  volumes 
besides  journals,  and  others  have  added  books  and  journals. 


American  Circulating  Dental  Clinic 

The  American  Circulating  Dental  Clinic  was  founded  by  S. 
M.  Weaver  and  the  plan  is  to  have  seven  centers  for  work  and 
exhibition,  and  at  each  center  there  will  be  a  Committee  of  six 
to  collect  dental  technic  specimens  and  send  them  to  the  central 
committee  here,  then  they  will  be  shown  at  a  clinic  before  the 
city  dental  society,  then  when  mounted,  (arranged  and  cased), 
they  will  be  sent  to  the  second  city  in  the  circuit,  and  so  on 
until  they  have  made  the  round  and  finally  return  here,  when 
the  specimens  will  be  replaced  with  new  ones  and  started  around 
the  circuit.  The  cities  included  are  Cleveland,  Philadelphia, 
Kansas  City  and  Chicago. 


IIisToKV  OF  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  177 

Dental  Specialists 

Orthodontia,  V.  p].  Barnes,  F.  M.  Casto,  W.  E.  Xeweomb, 
L.  A.  Krejei. 

Prophylaxis,  I.  W.  Bi-o\vn,  J.  W.  Jungnian,  W.  C.  Teter, 
Miss  I.  E.  Graves. 

Crown,  Bridge  and  Inlays.  C.  0.  flyers. 

Anesthetics  and  Extracting',  C.  K.  Teter. 

Prosthesis,  G.  II.  Wilson.     . 

Rhymster,  T.  11.  Terry.     (W.  R.  V.  Dental  Dept..  1902). 

Dental  Supplies 

This  list  has  nearly  all  been  taken  from  directories,  1837- 
1911. 

Cleaveland  Herald,  Dec.  7,  1826. 

N.  E.  Crittenden  next  door  to  the  Franklin  House  has  on 
hand  a  quantity  of  gold-leaf.  (Possibly  this  was  gold  foil,  as 
in  those  days  dentists  called  their  gold  for  filling  teeth — leaf  in- 
stead of  foil). 

In  1836  B.  Strickland  advertised  to  supply  the  profession 
v^ith  incorruptible  teeth  he  manufactured.  In  1838  he  kept 
gold-leaf  (foil)  for  sale. 

In  1840  M.  L.  Wright  was  here  and  soon  after  he  made  full 
dentures  of  porcelain,  and  later  manufactured  artificial  teeth 
and  sold  them  to  dentists,  and  in  1812  he  kept  dental  and  sur- 
gical instruments  for  sale. 

In  1846-7  W.  A.  Clark  and  Wm.  Fiske  (Clark  and  Fiske), 
kept  a  drug-store  at  No.  11  Superior  St.,  and  it  is  fair  to  pre- 
sume that  they  kept  some  dental  supplies. 

In  1848  Wm.  Fiske  advertises  drugs,  medicines,  due-stuffs, 
gold-leaf,  dental  and  surgical  instruments,  teeth  and  foil,  No. 
11  Superior  St. 

Fiske  Avas  at  above  location  until  1857  and  may  be  longer, 
then  G.  W.  Clark  succeeded  him  in  1861. 

1850  B.  F.  Robinson  manufactured  I\Iineral  Teeth  for  his 
ov^^n  use,  and  also  sold  them  to  dentists. 


178  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

1852  Fiske  and  Hall,  Druggists,  No.  11  Superior  St.  kept 
dental  supplies. 

1857  Wm.  Fiske,  Druggist,  No.  23  Superior  St.,  kept  den- 
tal supplies. 

1861  G.  W.  Clark,  Druggist,  119  Superior  St.,  kept  dental 
supplies. 

1863-4  G.  W.  Clark  Druggist,  119  Superior  St.,  Dental 
Supplies. 

1864-5  same  "ad". 

1867-8  same  '^ad". 

1870-1  same  "ad". 

1872-3  same  "ad"-. 

1875  G.  W.  Clark,  Druggist,  119  Superior  St.,  Dental  Sup- 
plies; he  was  succeeded  by  Edwin  Smith  &  Son. 
1876  Edwin  Smith  &  Son,  Druggists,  119  Superior  St.,  Dental 
Depot. 

1877  same  "ad"    (in  city  directory). 

1878  Cleveland  Dental  and  Surgical  Depot,  J.  Willey 
Smith,  successor  to  Edwin  Smith  &  Son,  234  Superior  St.  Sign 
of  Crystal  Prismatic  Mortar.  The  only  complete  stock  of  Den- 
tal and  Surgical  Instruments  in  Northern  Ohio. 

Having  greatly  enlarged  my  Dental  Department,  I  am  pre- 
pared to  furnish  at  lowest  rates  all  material  used  by  the  profes- 
sion, including  Office  Furniture  and  complete  sets  of  Instru- 
ments. Sole  manufacturer  of  Diamond  Teeth,  Diamond  Rubber, 
Diamond  Amalgam  and  Diamond  Tooth  Powder,  Crutches, 
Splints,  Trusses,  Supporters,  Bandages,  Elastic  Stockings,  Elec- 
tro-Magnetic Machines,  etc. 

1879  Dental  and  Surgical  Goods,  J.  Fenton,  23  Prospect 
St.  J.  Willey  Smith,  Garretts'  Block,  where  Williamson  Bldg. 
now  stands.  1880  B.  S.  Cogswell,  Dental  Depot,  dealer  in 
Dentists'  Materials  of  every  description,  Garretts'  Block,  cor. 
Public  Square^ 

1881  Cogswell  &  Gee,  Dental  Goods,  306  Euclid  (Garrett's 
Blk). 

1882  same  "ad"  (now  called  5  Euclid  Avenue). 

1883  same  "ad"  (now  called  5  Euclid  Avenue). 


History  oi'   Dkntisthv  ix  Crj':vEi..\Ni)  179 

1884  same  "ad"  (iikw  c-nlled  5  Kiiclid  Aveiiuej. 

1885  Same  "ad"  (now  called  5  Euclid  Avemic).  Wilcox 
&  Ilanimond,  Dental  Goods,  19  P^uclid  x\ve. 

1886  B.  S.  Cogswell  &  Co.,  Benedict  Bid-'.  A.  A.  Wilcox, 
Benedict  Bldg.,  29  Euclid  Ave. 

1887  same  "ads"  for  Cogswell  and  Wilcox. 

1888  B.  S.  Cooswell  &  Co.,  Dental  (Joods,  Benedict  Bldg., 
29  Euclid. 

1890  same  "ad". 

1891  same  "ad". 

1891  A.  A.  Wilcox,  8  Euclid  Ave. 

1892  B.  S.  Cogswell  &  Co.,  29  Euclid.  A.  A.  Wilcox,  8 
Euclid.     Cleveland  Nitrous  Oxid  Co. 

1893  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.,  29  Euclid  Ave. 

1894  same  as  1893.     Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  Arcade. 

1895  Cleveland  Dental  J\Ifg.  Co.,  Arcade.  Cogswell  Dental 
Supply  Co.,  29  Euclid. 

1896  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.,  29  Euclid.  Cleveland 
Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  Arcade.  Independent  Dental  Co.,  49  Wood 
St.  Taking  50  cities  in  U.  S.  1895,  there  was  one  dentist  for 
every  2,190  inhabitants. 

1897  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.,  29  Euclid.  Cleveland 
Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  Arcade.  The, Parsons  Co.,  266  Erie,  Dental 
Batteries.  Thomas  Pettifer  &  Co.,  26i/o  Water  St.  U.  S.  Den- 
tal Mfg.  Co.,  Starkweather  Ave. 

1898  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg. 
Co.     Douhet  Dental  Mfg.  Co.     Weyandt  &  Johnson. 

1899  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg. 
Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Thos. 
Pettifer  &  Co.     Weyandt  &  Johnson. 

1900  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  Arcade.  Cogswell  Dental 
Supply  Co.,  29  Euclid.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  JOiamond  Dental 
Mfg.  Co.    Douhet  Dental  Mfg.  Co.     Weyandt  &  Johnson. 

1901  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.,  Arcade.  Cogswell  Dental 
Supply  Co.,  Rose  Bldg.     Consolidated  Dental  Mfg.  Co.     Dia- 


180  History  of  Dentistry  in  Cleveland 

mond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Douhet  Dental 
Mfg.  Co.  A.  A.  Wilcox,  74  Frankfort  St.  Weyandt  &  John- 
son.    Western  Reserve  Dental  Co. 

1902  The  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  The  Cogswell  Dental 
Supply  Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Labora- 
tory. Consolidated  Dental  Supply  Co.  Cuyahoga  Dental  Sup- 
ply Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  The  E.  J.  Douhet  Mfg.  Co. 
The  Electric  &  Specialty  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Forest  City  Dental 
Laboratory.     Hurd  Dental  Supply  Co.     A.  A.  Wilcox. 

1903  The  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  The  Cogswell  Dental 
Supply  Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Labora- 
tory. Consolidated  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Cuyahoga  Dental  Supply 
Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  H.  A.  Smith,  Dental  Motors. 
The  Jandus  Electric  Co. 

1904  The  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg. 
Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Laboratory.  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg. 
Co.  Consolidated  Dental  Supply  Co.  Cuyahoga  Dental  Supply 
Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Forest  City  Dental  Labora- 
tory. Horton  Electric  Obtunding  Co.  Marcellus  Jewett.  My- 
ers' Dental  Obtunder  Co.     A.  M.  Price.     H.  A.  Smith. 

1905  The  Cogswell  Dental  Supply  Co.  Consolidated  Den- 
tal Mfg.  Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co. 
Cleveland  Dental  Laboratory.  Forest  City  Dental  Laboratory. 
Cuyahoga  Dental  Supply  Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  E.  J. 
Douhet.  Electric  Dental  Specialty  Co.  Horton  Electric  Ob- 
tunding Co.  Marcellus  Jewett.  J.  C.  Kline.  Loeb  Over-Top 
Tooth  Co.  Myers  Dental  Obtunder  Co.  National  Dental  Sup- 
ply Co.     H.  A.  Smith. 

1906  Cleveland  Dental  Laboratory.  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg. 
Co.  CogsM^ell  Dental  Supply  Co.  Consolidated  Dental  Mfg. 
Co.  Cuyahoga  Dental  Supply  Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co. 
Electrical  Dental  Specialty  Co.  F.  L.  Evans.  Forest  City  Den- 
tal Laboratory.  Gold  Supply  Co.  Marcellus  Jewett.  Myers 
Dental  Obtunder  Co.  Plastic  Impression  Rubber  Co.  H.  A. 
Smith.     U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.     Weaver  Dental  Specialty  Co. 

1907  Cleveland  Dental  Laboratory  Co.  Cleveland  Dental 
Mfg.   Co.     Cogswell  Dental   Supply  Co.     Consolidated  Dental 


History  op  Dentistry  in  Cleveland  181 

Mfg.  Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Electric  Dental  Specialty 
Co.  Forest  City  Dental  Laboratory.  Gold  Supply  Co.  J.  C. 
Kline.  Mj^ers  Dental  Obtunder  Co.  S.  Robinson.  H.  A.  Smith. 
Teter  Mfg.  Co.  U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Weaver  Dental  Spe- 
cialty Co. 

1908  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Cogswell  Dental  Supply 
Co.  Colonial  Dental  Laboratory.  Consolidated  Dental  IMfg. 
Co.  Diamond  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  John  C.  Dowd.  Electric  Den- 
tal Specialty  Co.  Forest  City  Dental  Laboratory.  Myers  Den- 
tal Obtunder  Co.  H.  A.  Smith.  Teter  Mfg.  Co.  U.  S.  Dental 
Mfg.  Co.    Weaver  Dental  Specialty  Co. 

1909  Cleveland  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Cleveland  Dental  Supply 
Co.  Consolidated  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  G.  T.  Fenker.  Forest  City 
Dental  Laboratory.  Marcellus  Jewett.  ]\lyers  Dental  Obtunder 
Co.  Ransom  &  Randolph  Co.,  Rose  Bldg.  H.  A.  Smith.  Teter 
Mfg.  Co.    U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co.    Weaver  Dental  Specialty  Co. 

1910  Cleveland  Dental  Supply  Co.  Cleveland  Solder  Co. 
Consolidated  Dental  Mfg.  Co.  Dentists'  Gold  Supply  Co.  G. 
T.  Fenker.  Forest  City  Dental  Laboratory.  Chas.  G.  Myers. 
Ransom  &  Randolph  Co.  S.  Robinson.  H.  A.  Smith.  Teter 
Mfg.  Co.    U.  S.  Dental  Mfg.  Co. 


HEX  the  Dental  Department  of 
Western  Reserve  I^niversity 
was  established  by  the  Trustees 
of  the  University  in  1892,  rooms 
Avere  assigned  to  it  in  the  Medical  Colle^^e 
on  the  corner  of  St.  Clair  and  Erie  (9th) 
Streets,  but  in  a  few  years  it  outgrew  its 
quarters  and  was  removed  to  the  Banjzor 
Building,  9'12  Prospect  Avenue.  Flans  are 
now  being  considered  for  a  new  building 
for  the  exclusive  use  of  the  Dental  College 
and  it  is  expected  that  within  a  year  or  two 
these  plans  will  be  carried  into  effect. 

The  College  has  had  a  wonderful 
growth  and  numbers  among  its  graduates 
some  of  the  most  prominent  men  of  the 
profession  in  the  state.  The  first  Faculty 
consisted  of  nine  members  while  that  for 
1909  has  twenty  members. 

In  1892  twenty  students  were  matric- 
ulated: in  1908-9  seventy-five  students 
were  matriculated.  Beginning  with  1894 
a  class  has  been  graduated  each  year;  the 
first  class  numbered  four,  the  one  for 
1908,  twenty-four,  so  that  at  this  date 
the  number  of  graduates  is  363. 

The  Infirmary  of  the  College  is  one  of 
the  best  equipped  in  the  middle-west,  with 
the  latest  improved  chairs,  fountain  cus- 
pidors, etc.  The  clinic  is  very  large  and 
supplies  more  material  than  can  be  used 
in  the  practical  work  required. 

Now  located  at  2-150  East  9th  street. 


THE- 


Ransom  &  Randolph  Co. 


Cleveland 


Toledo 


Grand  Rapids 


COMPLETE  STOCK 


TRADE   MARK 

THOROUGHNESS  IN  SERVICE 


The  largest,  most  carefully  selected,  most  diversi- 
fied and  most  complete  stock  ever  carried  by  Dental 
Supply  Houses.  Professional  wants  from  smallest  to 
largest  promptly  supplied — ALL  BEST  i\IAKES. 

Thoroughly  reliable  service  established  and  main- 
tained by  an  experience  of  nearly  Fifty  Years. 

As  to  promptness — well,  that's  proverbial  with  us: 
"IT  GOES  ON  THE  NEXT  TRAIN,"  of  course. 

Active,  vigilant  superintendence  by  the  men  who 
have  made  and  who  own  the  business — men  who  know 
that  the  only  way  to  achieve  success  is  to  earn  it,  backed 
by  a  corps  of  salespeople  who  know  the  goods  intimately, 
by  long  association  and  daily  handling — these  factors 
make  the  services  of  these  houses  radically  accurate  and 
dependable. 

If  you  don't  know  the  Ransom  &  Randolph  Co., 
the  sooner  you  get  acquainted  the  better  for  both. 


The  Ransom   ^  Randolph    Co. 

Cleveland  Toledo  Grand  Rapids 


The  Teter  Apparatus 


We  offer  THE  TETER  APPARATUS  No.  1  as 
the  most  scientifically  developed  and  thoroughly 
equipped  apparatus  for  the  administration  of 
general  anaesthetics  in  the  world. 

Primarily;  A  Nitrous  Oxide  and  Oxygen 
Apparatus  producing-  the  safest  and  most  free 
from   sliock  anaestLiesia   known. 

Secondarily:  An  Apparatus  for  the  scientific 
administration  of  Bther  and  Chloroform  either 
alone  or  witii  an  admixture  of  Oxygen  or  with 
l)orii  Nitrous  Oxide  and  Oxygen  or  in 
seixuence. 

All  vapors  pass  through  the  Vapor  Warmer 
whicli  adds  greatly  to  the  efficiency  of  anj^ 
general   anaesthetic   agent. 

A  F'ace  and  Nasal  Inhaler,  with  a  mouth 
tube,  make  it  practical  in  any  and  all  surgical 
cases. 

This  Apparatus  is  the  development  of  eleven 
.years   of   practical   hospital   experience. 

THE  TETHR  APPARATUS  is  a  great  prac- 
tice builder  for  any  physician  wlio  admin- 
isters anaesthetics,  and  is  an  indispensable 
asset  to  ever.v   up-to-date  hospital. 

THE  TBTER  APPARATUS  is  being  used 
by  leading  hospitals  and  surgeons  through- 
out the  countr.v. 

The  best  results  obtained  onl.v  when  using 
Teter  Nitrons  Oxid  and  Oxygen  with  The 
Teter  Apparatus. 


■"THB  TETER  Al'PARATUS  No.  2  is  the 
most  scientifically  developed  and  thor- 
oughly equipped  apparatus  for  the  administra- 
tion of  Nitrous  Oxide  and  Oxygen  ever  in- 
vented. 

There  is  no  guess  work  with  the  Teter  Ap- 
paratus. Results  are  absolutely  stire  and 
certain. 

Continued  anesthesia  is  as  easily  maintained 
with  the  Apparatus  and  Nasal  Inhaler  as  it  is 
with   the  Apparatus  and   Face    Inhaler. 

jMost  dentists  are  familiar  with  what  can  be 
done  during  the  analgesic  stage  as  produced 
with  the  Teter  Apparatus  and  many  are  elim- 
inating pain  entirely  from  all  their  dental 
work   by    this    method. 

Give  Nitrous  Oxide  and  Oxygen  WARM  to 
obtain  a  perfect  and  safe  form  of  anesthesia 
which  is  not  accompanied  by  nausea  or  other 
bad   after   effects. 

The  TETEIR  APPARATUS  is  being  used  by 
hundreds  of  dentists  and  is  considered  by 
them  as  being  the  greatest  practice  builder  in 
their   offices. 

For  literature  and  further  particulars  write 
us. 

THE  TETER  MANUFACTURING  CO. 


WILLIAMSON  BUILDING 


CLEVELAND,  O. 


Best  results  obtained  only  when   using: 

Teter    Nitrous    Oxide  and  Oxygen   with  the 

Teter  Apparatus. 


Consolidated  Dental 
Mfg.  Co. 

495-6-7-8-9    Colonial  Arcade 

The  Well  f^notvn  policy  of  this  house  in 
seeding  to  satisfy  its  customers  rather  than 
overstocl^  them,  refusing  to  sell  anything  and 
everything  of  doubtful  or  unproven  quality 
and  aiming  to  supply  such  goods  only  as 
might  be  used  with  profit  by  the  customer,  has 
materially  affected  the  volume  of  our  sales 
during  the  last  fifteen  years,  but  it  has  safe- 
guarded the  interest  of  our  patrons,  and  we 
have  prospered. 

We  carry  nearly  everything  in  the  way  of 
dental  equipment  and  material  of  standard 
quality,  no  matter  by  whom  manufactured, 
and  at  prices  no  higher  than  is  often  paid  for 
specially  made  cheap  goods.  W^e  wish  that 
every  dentist  might  see  the  benefit  of  fostering 
his  home  supply  house  by  his  patronage  and  a 
good  Word  when  occasion  affords.  Better 
stock,  better  service  and  better  feeling  would 
surely  repay  such  loyalty. 

We  invite  every  good  dentist  within  our 
territory  to  open  an  account  with  us. 

Respectfully, 

Consolidated  Dental 
Mfg.   Co. 

Cleveland,    Ohio 


The  Fenker  Dental 
Supp  ly    Co  mp  a  ny 

528  Rose  Building  Cleveland^  Ohio 


G.    T.    FENKER,    Manager 


ClebelanD  Bental  ^upplj) 

Dr.  J.   C.   DowD,   Prop. 

We  handle  Gold  Solders,  Instruments, 

and  a  general  line  for  every 

day  use  of  the  dentist. 


Our  Motto :     Live  and  Let  Live. 

623  Rose  Building,        CLEVELAND,  O. 

Bell,   551  J;      Cuy.  Cent.  909  W. 


Ohio  College  of  Dental  Surgery 


Central  Avenue  and  Court  Street, 


CINCINNATI,  OHIO 


npHIS  COLLEGE  was  established  in 
■^  Cincinnati  in  1845  and  was  thepioneer 
Dc-ntal  Scliool  in  tlie  West.  The  course 
for  the  degree  is  three  years.  The  Regular 
Winter  Session  begins  each  year  about 
October  first  and  closes  in  May.  Optional 
Spring  and  Fall  courses  in  Clinical  In- 
struction are  also  given  beginning  June 
first  and  continuing  three  months  and 
beginning  September  first  and  continuing 
one  month  respectively.  Tne  School  is 
co-rducatknal.  It  has  a  teaching  corps  of 
twenty  instructors.  Its  clinical  material  is 
abundant,  drawing  from  a  population  of 
more  than  a  half  million  people.  Its  build- 
ings are  large  and  thoroughly  equipped  for 
modern  dental  education. 

A  SPECIAL  COURSE  FOR  DENTAL 
ASSISTANTS  AND  NURSES  has  been 
established  complete  in  one  year,  bogin- 
ning  in  October  and  closing  in  May. 

For  the  62nd  Annual  Announcement  and 
other  information,  address 


H.  A.  SMITH,  A.M.,  D.D.S.,  Dean         1 16  Garfield  Place,  CINCINNATI,  0. 


E.  A.  A. 


J.  F. 


A.  R.  L. 


TICKETS  and  TOURS 


EUROPE 


High  Class 
Oriental 
Cruises- 
Egypt  and 
Holy  Land 


AROUND 
THE  WORLD 
INDEPEND- 
ENTLY IN 
PARTY 


SPECIAL  TRIPS  TO  NORWAY  AND   NORTH  CAPE 


AKERS  &  FOLKMAN 

LAKE  and  OCEAN  STEAMSHIP  AGENCY 

Bermuda  Africa  Japa7t 

China  JVest  Indies         Australia 

South  America     Hawaiian  lids.    Far  East 


733    EUCLID  AVENUE 

CLEVELAND         ::  ::         OHIO 


Your  patients 

will  thank  you  fo?'  so  doi?ig,  if  you 

recommend  the  daily  use  of 


'^tl^rh'Ofti 


^f 


yl  perfect  dentifrice,  givi7ig  positive 
?xsults. 

Formula  oi^iginated  by  Dentists, 

Mamfactured  by  Dentists. 

Used  hy  Dentists. 

Recommended  by  Dentists. 

Sa7nples  for  the  asking. 


The  Sanicula   Chemical  Co, 

Toledo,  Ohio. 


Ney's  Golds 

Best   Since    1812 

A  word  about  Ney's 

THE  J.  M.  Ney  Co.,  of  Hartford,  Conn., 
U.  S.  A.,  began  the  manufacture  of 
Dental  Golds  February  16,  1812,  and  the 
factory  has  never  been  closed  from  that 
day  to  this  except  for  Sundays  and  holi- 
days. Beginning  in  a  small  way,  their 
business  has  so  increased  that  their  gold 
products  are  now  the  standards  by  which 
others  are  judged,  and  may  be  obtained 
in  every  country  in  the  world.  They  make 
nothing  else  except  golds  for  dental  uses 
and  have  specialized  in  them  and  improved 
them  continuously  for  96  years. 

A  point  that  should  appeal  to  the  con- 
sumer is  the  fact  that  all  Ney's  products 
are  manufactured  by  hand,   and   every 


pennyweight  of  the  output  is  under  the 
direct  and  constant  supervision  of  the 
principals  of  the  company,  so  that  uni- 
formity of  quality  is  assured,  the  name 
' '  Ney"  on  Dental  Golds  being  a  guarantee 
of  Absolute  Quality. 

Their  line  of  Plates,  Disks,  Shells, 
Solders,  Wire  of  all  karats.  Foil,  Cylind- 
ers, etc.,  etc.,  comprises  the  best  of  the 
old  and  the  best  of  the  new  things  in 
Dental  Gold  manufacture.  Each  item 
has  been  perfected  with  nearly  a  century's 
experience,  beyond  the  point  reached  by 
any  other  manufacturer. 

The  price  is  the  same  as  for  any 
other  standard  make  of  golds.  If  your 
dealer  does  not  happen  to  carry  them,  he 
will  be  glad  to  supply  you.  The  goods 
themselves  are  their  best  advertisement 
of  superior  workmanship,  color,  stability 
and  unexcelled  working  qualities.  They 
are  absolutely  dependable  for  one  year  or 
a  hundred.     They  will  stand  every  test. 


^T^ ^r^ 


^HEREVER  civilization 
has  made  sufficient 
progress  to  support  a  dentist, 
tiiere  the 


is  recognized  as  the  Sign 
of  Superiority  in  Dental 
Instruments  and  Appliances. 

The  S.S.White  Dental 
Manufacturing  Co. 


^ , ^ ^ 


PHYSICIANS'  tND  DRUGGISTS'   CO-OPERATIVE   CORPOBATION 

The  American  Malted  Food  Go. 
Milwaukee,  Wis. 


MANUFACTURERS     OF 


THOMPSON'S  MALTED  BEEF  PEPTONE 


MARVEL  OF  THE  20th  CENTURY  IN  MALTED  FOOD 

TT  has  long  been  the  desire  of  physicians  and  druggists  to  find  some 
■^  means  to  preserve  the  nerve  tonic  force  and  food  value  of 
Raw  Beef,  so  that  it  would  keep  indefinitely  without  refrigeration. 
The  American  Malted  Food  Co.  has  accomplished  this,  and 
this  in  a  predigested  state.  Adding  thereto  all  the  food  units  of 
malted  milk,  the  incomparable  food  product  of  Thompson 's  Beef 
Peptone  and  Maltose  is  offered  to  the  public.  The  well  known 
chemist  and  physician.  Dr.  John  G.  Spenzer,  verifies  the  above  state- 
ment by  his  analysis  herewith  printed,  and  furthermore  commends  the 
product  for  "its  pleasant  and  palatable  character,  and  especially,  for 
its  high  protein  content.'" 

DR.  JOHN  G.  SPENZER, 

Analytical  and  Consulting  Chemist 
Office  and  Laboratory,  422  Rose  Building 

Cleveland,  O.,  Aug.  12,  1910. 

Moisture 9. 1 52  % 

Ash  (Inoiganic  Compounds) 4.062 

Fat  7.035 

Insolubles  (not  Proteins) 0.3 1 5 

Insoluble  Protein  0.210 

Soluble  Proteins  (with  meat  basis  like  Creatine,  etc.)  22.900 

Total  Proteins    23.1  10      23.1  10 

Dextrine  13.880 

Maltose,  Lactose  and  other  sugars    39.890 

Total  Soluble  Carbohydrates 53.770      53  770 

Loss  in  Analysis 2.556 

100.000 


CLARKS  TOURS 

DISTINCTIVELY    AMERICAN     IN     CONCEPTION    AND    ENVIRONMENT.        SMALL    MEMBERSHIP 
FOURTEENTH  GRAND  ANNUAL  CRUISE 

TO    THE    ORIENT 

FEBRUARY  3rd,  1912 

SIX   FINE    ROUND   THE   WORLD  TOURS 

SEASON     1911-1912 

THIRTY    TOURS    TO    EUROPE 

LEAVE  FREQUENTLY  AFTER  MARCH  11  OTHER  GOOD  TOURS 

Programs  on  application  to        AKERS     &     FOLKMAN,        No.  733  EUCLID  AVENUE 
or    FRANK    C.    CLARK,    Times    Building,    New   York 


117 


"Every  Coat  We  Turn 
Out  a  Winner" 

Dentists'  Office  Coats  for  Professional  work, 
made  of  white  or  fifty  other  shades  of  washable 
materials,  fast  colors,  and  thoroughly  shrunk  be- 
fore made  up.  All  coats  made  to  measure  and 
in  any  style  desired.  We  pay  express  or  postage 
to  any  part  of  the  world. 

Write  for  samples,  styles  and  prices. 
Free  upon  request. 


EISSFELD     BROS. 


Manufacturers  of     COATS    AND     UNIFORMS 

THE     KIND    THEY     ALL    ADMIRE 

NASSAU   STREET,        -         NEW    YORK    CITY 

We  have  no  branches,  and  are  not  connected  with  any  other  firm.      Dentists  who  give  orders 
to  agents  should  see  that  the  orders  go  to  WEISSFELD  BROS.,  New  York  City. 


RK29 


Amis 


Ambler 

History  of  dentistry  in  Cleveland* 


Ohio. 


COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARIES  fhsLsUj 

RK29Am12C.1 

History  of  dentistry  in  Cleveland.  Ohio 


2002304074 


■■^mm 


